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5-Methoxytryptamine (5-MT), also known as mexamine, is a
*
tryptamine
Tryptamine is an indolamine metabolite of the essential amino acid, tryptophan. The chemical structure is defined by an indole ─ a fused benzene and pyrrole ring, and a 2-aminoethyl group at the second carbon (third aromatic atom, with the f ...
derivative
In mathematics, the derivative of a function of a real variable measures the sensitivity to change of the function value (output value) with respect to a change in its argument (input value). Derivatives are a fundamental tool of calculus. ...
closely related to the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin. 5-MT has been shown to occur naturally in the body in low levels. It is biosynthesized via the deacetylation of melatonin in the pineal gland.
5-MT acts as a full agonist
An agonist is a chemical that activates a receptor to produce a biological response. Receptors are cellular proteins whose activation causes the cell to modify what it is currently doing. In contrast, an antagonist blocks the action of the a ...
at the 5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT4, 5-HT6, and 5-HT7 receptors. It has no affinity for the 5-HT3 receptor and its affinity for the 5-HT1E receptor is very weak in comparison to the other 5-HT1 receptors. Its affinity for the 5-HT5A receptor is unknown.
Measured affinity for some receptors (not a complete list):
* 5-HT1B receptors (Ki = 35 nM) S. Nigra / Domenech T, et al., 1997
* 5-HT1D receptors (Ki = 7.3 nM)Cortex / PEROUTKA ET AL., 1989
* 5-HT1E receptors (Ki = 3151 nM)Cloned / ZGOMBICK JM, ET AL., 1992
* 5-HT1F receptors (Ki = 1166 nM)Cloned / Adham N, et al., 1992
* 5-HT2A receptors (Ki = 295 nM)Cortex / HOYER ET AL., 1987
* 5-HT2B receptors (Ki = 16.4 nM)Cortex / WAINSCOTT DB, ET AL., 1996
* 5-HT2C receptors (Ki = 52.48 nM) Cloned / BONHAUS DW, ET AL., 1997
* 5-HT4 receptors (Ki = 501.18 nM)Caudate / ANSANAY H, ET AL.,1996
* 5-HT6 receptors (Ki = 69.18 nM)Cloned / Hirst WD, et.al.,2003
* 5-HT7 receptors (Ki = 5.01 nM)Cloned / BOESS FG, ET AL., 1994
See also
* 2-Methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine
2-Methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine (2-Methylserotonin, 2-Methyl-5-HT) is a tryptamine derivative closely related to the neurotransmitter serotonin which acts as a moderately selective full agonist at the 5-HT3 receptor.
See also
* 5-Carboxamidotry ...
* 5-Benzyloxytryptamine
* 5-Carboxamidotryptamine
* α-Methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine
* Melatonin
References
5-HT6 agonists Serotonin receptor agonists Mexamines {{nervous-system-drug-stub