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Pre-1600

* 1244
Pope Innocent IV Pope Innocent IV ( la, Innocentius IV; – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254. Fieschi was born in Genoa and studied at the universitie ...
arrives at
Lyon Lyon,, ; Occitan: ''Lion'', hist. ''Lionés'' also spelled in English as Lyons, is the third-largest city and second-largest metropolitan area of France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of ...
for the
First Council of Lyon The First Council of Lyon (Lyon I) was the thirteenth ecumenical council, as numbered by the Catholic Church, taking place in 1245. The First General Council of Lyon was presided over by Pope Innocent IV. Innocent IV, threatened by Holy Roman ...
. * 1409 – The
University of Leipzig Leipzig University (german: Universität Leipzig), in Leipzig in Saxony, Germany, is one of the world's oldest universities and the second-oldest university (by consecutive years of existence) in Germany. The university was founded on 2 December ...
opens.


1601–1900

*
1697 Events January–March * January 8 – Thomas Aikenhead is hanged outside Edinburgh, becoming the last person in Great Britain to be executed for blasphemy. * January 11 – French writer Charles Perrault releases the book '' Histoires o ...
St Paul's Cathedral St Paul's Cathedral is an Anglicanism, Anglican cathedral in London and is the seat of the Bishop of London. The cathedral serves as the mother church of the Diocese of London. It is on Ludgate Hill at the highest point of the City of London ...
, rebuilt to the design of Sir
Christopher Wren Sir Christopher Wren PRS FRS (; – ) was one of the most highly acclaimed English architects in history, as well as an anatomist, astronomer, geometer, and mathematician-physicist. He was accorded responsibility for rebuilding 52 church ...
following the
Great Fire of London The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration that swept through central London from Sunday 2 September to Thursday 6 September 1666, gutting the medieval City of London inside the old Roman city wall, while also extending past th ...
, is consecrated. *
1763 Events January–March * January 27 – The seat of colonial administration in the Viceroyalty of Brazil is moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. * February 1 – The Royal Colony of North Carolina officially creates Meck ...
– Dedication of the Touro Synagogue, in
Newport, Rhode Island Newport is an American seaside city on Aquidneck Island in Newport County, Rhode Island. It is located in Narragansett Bay, approximately southeast of Providence, south of Fall River, Massachusetts, south of Boston, and northeast of New Yor ...
, the first synagogue in what will become the United States. *
1766 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism. * January 14 – Chr ...
– Swedish parliament approves the Swedish Freedom of the Press Act and implements it as a ground law, thus being first in the world with freedom of speech. *
1804 Events January–March * January 1 – Haiti gains independence from France, and becomes the first black republic, having the only successful slave revolt ever. * February 4 – The Sokoto Caliphate is founded in West Africa. * Febru ...
– At Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris,
Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...
crowns himself
Emperor of the French Emperor of the French (French: ''Empereur des Français'') was the title of the monarch and supreme ruler of the First and the Second French Empires. Details A title and office used by the House of Bonaparte starting when Napoleon was procla ...
. *
1805 After thirteen years the First French Empire abolished the French Republican Calendar in favour of the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 11 – The Michigan Territory is created. * February 7 – King Anouvong become ...
War of the Third Coalition The War of the Third Coalition) * In French historiography, it is known as the Austrian campaign of 1805 (french: Campagne d'Autriche de 1805) or the German campaign of 1805 (french: Campagne d'Allemagne de 1805) was a European conflict spanni ...
:
Battle of Austerlitz The Battle of Austerlitz (2 December 1805/11 Frimaire An XIV FRC), also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors, was one of the most important and decisive engagements of the Napoleonic Wars. The battle occurred near the town of Austerlitz ...
: French troops under
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...
decisively defeat a joint Russo-
Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
n force. *
1823 Events January–March * January 22 – By secret treaty signed at the Congress of Verona, the Quintuple Alliance gives France a mandate to invade Spain for the purpose of restoring Ferdinand VII (who has been captured by armed revolutio ...
Monroe Doctrine The Monroe Doctrine was a United States foreign policy position that opposed European colonialism in the Western Hemisphere. It held that any intervention in the political affairs of the Americas by foreign powers was a potentially hostile act ...
: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President
James Monroe James Monroe ( ; April 28, 1758July 4, 1831) was an American statesman, lawyer, diplomat, and Founding Father who served as the fifth president of the United States from 1817 to 1825. A member of the Democratic-Republican Party, Monroe was ...
proclaims American neutrality in future European conflicts, and warns European powers not to interfere in the Americas. * 1845
Manifest Destiny Manifest destiny was a cultural belief in the 19th-century United States that American settlers were destined to expand across North America. There were three basic tenets to the concept: * The special virtues of the American people and th ...
: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President James K. Polk proposes that the United States should aggressively expand into the West. *
1848 1848 is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the polit ...
Franz Joseph I Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (german: Franz Joseph Karl, hu, Ferenc József Károly, 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the other states of the Habsburg monarchy from 2 December 1848 until ...
becomes
Emperor of Austria The Emperor of Austria (german: Kaiser von Österreich) was the ruler of the Austrian Empire and later the Austro-Hungarian Empire. A hereditary imperial title and office proclaimed in 1804 by Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, a member of the Hou ...
. *
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
– French President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte overthrows the Second Republic. *
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
– Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte becomes Emperor of the French as
Napoleon III Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was the first President of France (as Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte) from 1848 to 1852 and the last monarch of France as Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870. A neph ...
. * 1859 – Militant
abolitionist Abolitionism, or the abolitionist movement, is the movement to end slavery. In Western Europe and the Americas, abolitionism was a historic movement that sought to end the Atlantic slave trade and liberate the enslaved people. The British ...
leader John Brown is hanged for his
October 16 Events Pre-1600 * 456 – Ricimer defeats Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the Western Roman Empire. * 690 – Empress Wu Zetian ascends to the throne of the Tang dynasty and proclaims herself ruler of the Chinese Empire. * ...
raid Raid, RAID or Raids may refer to: Attack * Raid (military), a sudden attack behind the enemy's lines without the intention of holding ground * Corporate raid, a type of hostile takeover in business * Panty raid, a prankish raid by male college ...
on
Harpers Ferry, West Virginia Harpers Ferry is a historic town in Jefferson County, West Virginia. It is located in the lower Shenandoah Valley. The population was 285 at the 2020 census. Situated at the confluence of the Potomac and Shenandoah rivers, where the U.S. st ...
. *
1865 Events January–March * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War : Second Battle of Fort Fisher ...
Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = " Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County , LargestMetro = Greater Birmingham , area_total_km2 = 135,7 ...
ratifies the
13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution In music or music theory, a thirteenth is the note thirteen scale degrees from the root of a chord and also the interval between the root and the thirteenth. The interval can be also described as a compound sixth, spanning an octave p ...
, followed by North Carolina, then Georgia; U.S. slaves were legally free within two weeks. * 1867 – At
Tremont Temple The Tremont Temple on 88 Tremont Street is a Baptist church in Boston, affiliated with the American Baptist Churches, USA. The existing multi-storey, Renaissance Revival structure was designed by architect Clarence Blackall of Boston, and opene ...
in
Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...
, British author
Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens (; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English writer and social critic. He created some of the world's best-known fictional characters and is regarded by many as the greatest novelist of the Victorian er ...
gives his first public reading in the United States. *
1899 Events January 1899 * January 1 ** Spanish rule ends in Cuba, concluding 400 years of the Spanish Empire in the Americas. ** Queens and Staten Island become administratively part of New York City. * January 2 – **Bolivia sets up a c ...
Philippine–American War The Philippine–American War or Filipino–American War ( es, Guerra filipina-estadounidense, tl, Digmaang Pilipino–Amerikano), previously referred to as the Philippine Insurrection or the Tagalog Insurgency by the United States, was an arm ...
: The Battle of Tirad Pass, known as the "Filipino Thermopylae", is fought.


1901–present

* 1908
Puyi Aisin-Gioro Puyi (; 7 February 1906 – 17 October 1967), courtesy name Yaozhi (曜之), was the last emperor of China as the eleventh and final Qing dynasty monarch. He became emperor at the age of two in 1908, but was forced to abdicate on 1 ...
becomes
Emperor of China ''Huangdi'' (), translated into English as Emperor, was the superlative title held by monarchs of China who ruled various imperial regimes in Chinese history. In traditional Chinese political theory, the emperor was considered the Son of Heav ...
at the age of two. * 1917
World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...
: Russia and the Central Powers sign an armistice at
Brest-Litovsk Brest ( be, Брэст / Берасьце, Bieraście, ; russian: Брест, ; uk, Берестя, Berestia; lt, Brasta; pl, Brześć; yi, בריסק, Brisk), formerly Brest-Litovsk (russian: Брест-Литовск, lit=Lithuanian Br ...
, and peace talks leading to the
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (also known as the Treaty of Brest in Russia) was a separate peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between Russia and the Central Powers ( Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russi ...
begin. *
1927 Events January * January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the British Broadcasting ''Corporation'', when its Royal Charter of incorporation takes effect. John Reith becomes the first Director-General. * January 7 ...
– Following 19 years of
Ford Model T The Ford Model T is an automobile that was produced by Ford Motor Company from October 1, 1908, to May 26, 1927. It is generally regarded as the first affordable automobile, which made car travel available to middle-class Americans. The relati ...
production, the
Ford Motor Company Ford Motor Company (commonly known as Ford) is an American multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, United States. It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. The company sells automobi ...
unveils the Ford Model A as its new automobile. *
1930 Events January * January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will b ...
Great Depression The Great Depression (19291939) was an economic shock that impacted most countries across the world. It was a period of economic depression that became evident after a major fall in stock prices in the United States. The economic contagio ...
: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President
Herbert Hoover Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933 and a member of the Republican Party, holding office during the onset of the Gre ...
proposes a $150 million public works program to help generate jobs and stimulate the economy. *
1939 This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 ** Third Reich *** Jews are forbidden to ...
– New York City's
LaGuardia Airport LaGuardia Airport is a civil airport in East Elmhurst, Queens, New York City. Covering , the facility was established in 1929 and began operating as a public airport in 1939. It is named after former New York City mayor Fiorello La Guardia ...
opens. *
1942 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in w ...
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
: During the
Manhattan Project The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. From 1942 to 1946, the project w ...
, a team led by
Enrico Fermi Enrico Fermi (; 29 September 1901 – 28 November 1954) was an Italian (later naturalized American) physicist and the creator of the world's first nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1. He has been called the "architect of the nuclear age" an ...
initiates the first artificial self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction. *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 ...
– World War II: A Luftwaffe bombing raid on the harbour of
Bari Bari ( , ; nap, label= Barese, Bare ; lat, Barium) is the capital city of the Metropolitan City of Bari and of the Apulia region, on the Adriatic Sea, southern Italy. It is the second most important economic centre of mainland Southern Ital ...
, Italy, sinks numerous cargo and transport ships, including the American , which is carrying a stockpile of
mustard gas Mustard gas or sulfur mustard is a chemical compound belonging to a family of cytotoxic and blister agents known as mustard agents. The name ''mustard gas'' is technically incorrect: the substance, when dispersed, is often not actually a gas, ...
. *
1947 It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Events January * January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country i ...
Jerusalem Riots of 1947: Arabs riot in
Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
in response to the
United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine The United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine was a proposal by the United Nations, which recommended a partition of Mandatory Palestine at the end of the British Mandate. On 29 November 1947, the UN General Assembly adopted the Plan as R ...
. *
1949 Events January * January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022. * January 2 – Luis ...
Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others The Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others was approved by the United Nations General Assembly on 2 December 1949, and entered into force on 25 July 1951. The preamble states: ...
is adopted. *
1950 Events January * January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed. * January 5 – Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 crashes in a snowstorm. All 19 ...
Korean War {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Korean War , partof = the Cold War and the Korean conflict , image = Korean War Montage 2.png , image_size = 300px , caption = Clockwise from top:{ ...
: The
Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River The Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River (), also known as the Battle of the Ch'ongch'on, was a decisive battle in the Korean War, and it took place from November 25 to December 2, 1950, along the Ch'ongch'on River Valley in the northwestern part of ...
ends with a decisive Chinese victory and UN forces are completely expelled from
North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu (Amnok) and T ...
. *
1954 Events January * January 1 – The Soviet Union ceases to demand war reparations from West Germany. * January 3 – The Italian broadcaster RAI officially begins transmitting. * January 7 – Georgetown-IBM experiment: The fir ...
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
: The
United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and po ...
votes 65 to 22 to censure
Joseph McCarthy Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957) was an American politician who served as a Republican United States Senate, U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957. Beginning in 1950, McCarth ...
for "conduct that tends to bring the Senate into dishonor and disrepute". * 1954 – The
Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty The Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty (SAMDT), formally Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States of America and the Republic of China, was a defense pact signed between the United States and the Republic of China (Taiwan) effective from ...
, between the United States and
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the no ...
, is signed in Washington, D.C. *
1956 Events January * January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan. * January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim Elliot and Pete Fleming, are kille ...
– The ''Granma'' reaches the shores of
Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribb ...
's
Oriente Province Oriente (, "East") was the easternmost province of Cuba until 1976. The term "Oriente" is still used to refer to the eastern part of the country, which currently is divided into five different provinces. Fidel and Raúl Castro were born in a s ...
.
Fidel Castro Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; ; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 20 ...
,
Che Guevara Ernesto Che Guevara (; 14 June 1928The date of birth recorded on /upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Ernesto_Guevara_Acta_de_Nacimiento.jpg his birth certificatewas 14 June 1928, although one tertiary source, (Julia Constenla, quoted ...
and 80 other members of the
26th of July Movement The 26th of July Movement ( es, Movimiento 26 de Julio; M-26-7) was a Cuban vanguard revolutionary organization and later a political party led by Fidel Castro. The movement's name commemorates its 26 July 1953 attack on the army barracks on San ...
disembark to initiate the
Cuban Revolution The Cuban Revolution ( es, Revolución Cubana) was carried out after the 1952 Cuban coup d'état which placed Fulgencio Batista as head of state and the failed mass strike in opposition that followed. After failing to contest Batista in co ...
. *
1957 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 20th century, and the 8th year ...
United Nations Security Council Resolution 126 relating to the
Kashmir conflict The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict over the Kashmir region, primarily between India and Pakistan, with China playing a third-party role. The conflict started after the partition of India in 1947 as both India and Pakistan claimed ...
is adopted. *
1961 Events January * January 3 ** United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces that the United States has severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba (Cuba–United States relations are restored in 2015). ** Aero Flight 311 (K ...
– In a nationally broadcast speech,
Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribb ...
n leader
Fidel Castro Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; ; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 20 ...
declares that he is a Marxist–Leninist and that Cuba will adopt
Communism Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, ...
. *1962 – Vietnam War: After a trip to Vietnam at the request of U.S. President John F. Kennedy, U.S. Senate Majority Leader Mike Mansfield becomes the first American official to comment adversely on the war's progress. *1970 – The United States Environmental Protection Agency begins operations. *1971 – Emirate of Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Fujairah, Emirate of Sharjah, Sharjah, Dubai, and Umm al-Quwain form the United Arab Emirates. *1975 – Laotian Civil War: The Pathet Lao seizes the Laos, Laotian capital of Vientiane, forces the abdication of King Sisavang Vatthana, and proclaims the Lao People's Democratic Republic. *1976 –
Fidel Castro Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; ; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 20 ...
becomes President of Cuba, replacing Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado. *1980 – Salvadoran Civil War: 1980 murders of U.S. missionaries in El Salvador, Four American missionaries are raped and murdered by a death squad. *1982 – At the University of Utah, Barney Clark (patient), Barney Clark becomes the first person to receive a permanent artificial heart. *1988 – Benazir Bhutto is sworn in as Prime Minister of Pakistan, becoming the first woman to head the government of a Muslim-majority state. *1989 – The Peace Agreement of Hat Yai (1989), Peace Agreement of Hat Yai is signed and ratified by the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) and the governments of Malaysia and Thailand, ending the over two-decade-long Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989), communist insurgency in Malaysia. *1991 – Canada and Poland become the first nations to recognize the independence of Ukraine from the Soviet Union. *1993 – Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar is shot and killed in Medellín. * 1993 – Space Shuttle program: STS-61: NASA launches the Space Shuttle Endeavour, Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'' on a mission to repair the Hubble Space Telescope. *1999 – The United Kingdom devolves political power in Northern Ireland to the Northern Ireland Executive following the Good Friday Agreement. *2001 – Enron Enron scandal#Bankruptcy, files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. *2015 – 2015 San Bernardino attack, San Bernardino attack: Syed Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik kill 14 people and wound 22 at the Inland Regional Center in San Bernardino, California. *2016 – Thirty-six people die in 2016 Oakland warehouse fire, a fire at a converted Oakland, California, warehouse serving as an artist collective. *2020 – Cannabis (drug), Cannabis is Removal of cannabis and cannabis resin from Schedule IV of the Single Convention on narcotic drugs, 1961, removed from the list of most dangerous drugs of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, international drug control treaty by the United Nations, UN United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs, Commission on Narcotic Drugs.


Births


Pre-1600

* 503 – Emperor Jianwen of Liang, emperor of the Chinese Liang dynasty (d. 551) *1501 – Queen Munjeong, Korean queen (d. 1565) *1578 – Agostino Agazzari, Italian composer and theorist (d. 1641) *1599 – Thomas Bruce, 1st Earl of Elgin, Scottish nobleman (d. 1663)


1601–1900

*1629 – Wilhelm Egon von Fürstenberg, Catholic cardinal (d. 1704) *1694 – William Shirley, English-American lawyer and politician, List of colonial governors of Massachusetts, Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (d. 1771) *1703 – Ferdinand Konščak, Croatian missionary and explorer (d. 1759) *1738 – Richard Montgomery, Irish-American general (d. 1775) *1754 – William Cooper (judge), William Cooper, American judge and politician, founded Cooperstown, New York (d. 1809) *1759 – James Edward Smith (botanist), James Edward Smith, English botanist and mycologist, founded the Linnean Society (d. 1828) *1760 – John Breckinridge (U.S. Attorney General), John Breckinridge, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 5th United States Attorney General (d. 1806) * 1760 – Joseph Graetz, German organist, composer, and educator (d. 1826) *1798 – António Luís de Seabra, 1st Viscount of Seabra, Portuguese magistrate and politician (d. 1895) *1810 – Henry Yesler, American businessman and politician, 7th Mayor of Seattle (d. 1892) *1811 – Jean-Charles Chapais, Canadian farmer and politician, 1st Minister of Agriculture (Canada), Canadian Minister of Agriculture (d. 1885) *1817 – Heinrich von Sybel, German historian, academic, and politician (d. 1895) *1825 – Pedro II of Brazil (d. 1891) *1827 – William Burges, English architect and designer (d. 1881) *1846 – Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau, French lawyer and politician, 68th Prime Minister of France (d. 1904) *1847 – Deacon White, American baseball player and manager (d. 1939) * 1859 – Georges Seurat, French painter (d. 1891) *1860 – Charles Studd, England cricketer and missionary (d. 1931) *1863 – Charles Edward Ringling, American businessman, co-founded the Ringling Brothers Circus (d. 1926) *1866 – Harry Burleigh, American singer-songwriter (d. 1949) *1876 – Yusuf Akçura, Tatar-Turkish activist and ideologue of Turanism (d. 1935) *1884 – Erima Harvey Northcroft, New Zealand soldier, lawyer, and judge (d. 1953) * 1884 – Yahya Kemal Beyatlı, Turkish poet and author (d. 1958) *1885 – George Minot, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1950) *1891 – Otto Dix, German painter and illustrator (d. 1969) * 1891 – Charles H. Wesley, American historian and author (d. 1987) *1894 – Warren William, American actor (d. 1948) *1895 – Harriet Cohen, English pianist (d. 1967) *1897 – Ivan Bagramyan, Russian general (d. 1982) * 1897 – Rewi Alley, New Zealand writer and political activist (d. 1987) *1898 – Indra Lal Roy, Indian lieutenant and first Indian fighter aircraft pilot (d. 1918) *
1899 Events January 1899 * January 1 ** Spanish rule ends in Cuba, concluding 400 years of the Spanish Empire in the Americas. ** Queens and Staten Island become administratively part of New York City. * January 2 – **Bolivia sets up a c ...
– John Barbirolli, English cellist and conductor (d. 1970) * 1899 – John Cobb (racing driver), John Cobb, English race car driver and pilot (d. 1952) * 1899 – Ray Morehart, American baseball player (d. 1989) *1900 – Elisa Godínez Gómez de Batista, former First Lady of Cuba (d. 1993) * 1900 – Herta Hammerbacher, German landscape architect and professor (d. 1985)


1901–present

*1901 – Raimundo Orsi, Argentinian-Italian footballer (d. 1986) *1906 – Peter Carl Goldmark, Hungarian-American engineer (d. 1977) *1909 – Arvo Askola, Finnish runner (d. 1975) * 1909 – Walenty Kłyszejko, Estonian–Polish basketball player and coach (d. 1987) * 1909 – Joseph P. Lash, American activist and author (d. 1987) *1910 – Russell Lynes, American photographer, historian, and author (d. 1991) * 1910 – Taisto Mäki, Finnish runner (d. 1979) *1912 – George Emmett, English cricketer and coach (d. 1976) *1913 – Marc Platt (dancer), Marc Platt, American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 2014) *1914 – Bill Erwin, American actor (d. 2010) * 1914 – Adolph Green, American playwright and composer (d. 2002) *1915 – Takahito, Prince Mikasa of Japan (d. 2016) *1916 – Howard Finster, American minister and painter (d. 2001) * 1917 – Sylvia Syms (singer), Sylvia Syms, American singer (d. 1992) *1921 – Carlo Furno, Italian cardinal (d. 2015) *1922 – Iakovos Kambanelis, Greek author, poet, and screenwriter (d. 2011) *1923 – Maria Callas, American-Greek soprano and actress (d. 1977) *1924 – Jonathan Frid, Canadian actor (d. 2012) * 1924 – Alexander Haig, American general and politician, 59th United States Secretary of State (d. 2010) * 1924 – Else Marie Pade, Danish composer (d. 2016) * 1924 – Vilgot Sjöman, Swedish actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2006) *1925 – Julie Harris (actress), Julie Harris, American actress (d. 2013) *1928 – Guy Bourdin, French photographer (d. 1991) *1929 – Dan Jenkins, American journalist and author (d. 2019) * 1929 – Leon Litwack, American historian and author (d. 2021) *
1930 Events January * January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will b ...
– Gary Becker, American economist and academic, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2014) * 1930 – David Piper (racing driver), David Piper, English race car driver *1931 – Nigel Calder, English journalist, author, and screenwriter (d. 2014) * 1931 – Masaaki Hatsumi, Japanese martial artist and educator, founded Bujinkan * 1931 – Wynton Kelly, American pianist and composer (d. 1971) * 1931 – Edwin Meese, American lawyer, 75th United States Attorney General * 1931 – Gareth Wigan, British film studio executive (d. 2010) *1933 – Peter Harding (RAF officer, born 1933), Peter Robin Harding, English marshal and pilot * 1933 – Mike Larrabee, American sprinter and educator (d. 2003) *1934 – Tarcisio Bertone, Italian cardinal * 1934 – Andre Rodgers, Bahamian baseball player (d. 2004) *1935 – David Hackett Fischer, American historian, author, and academic *1937 – Manohar Joshi, Indian lawyer and politician, 15th Chief Minister of Maharashtra *
1939 This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 ** Third Reich *** Jews are forbidden to ...
– Yael Dayan, Israeli journalist, author, and politician * 1939 – Francis Fox, Canadian lawyer and politician, 48th Secretary of State for Canada * 1939 – Harry Reid, American lawyer and politician, 25th Lieutenant Governor of Nevada (d. 2021) *1940 – Willie Brown (American football), Willie Brown, American football player, coach, and manager (d. 2019) *1941 – Mike England, Welsh footballer and manager * 1941 – Tom McGuinness (musician), Tom McGuinness, English guitarist, songwriter, author, and producer *
1942 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in w ...
– Anna G. Jónasdóttir, Icelandic political scientist and academic *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 ...
– Wayne Allard, American veterinarian and politician *1944 – Ibrahim Rugova, Kosovan journalist and politician, 1st President of Kosovo (d. 2006) * 1944 – Dionysis Savvopoulos, Greek singer-songwriter * 1944 – Botho Strauß, German author and playwright *1945 – Penelope Spheeris, American director, producer, and screenwriter * 1945 – Alan Thomson (cricketer), Alan Thomson, Australian cricketer *1946 – John Banks (New Zealand politician), John Banks, New Zealand businessman and politician, 38th Mayor of Auckland City * 1946 – Pedro Borbón, Dominican-American baseball player (d. 2012) * 1946 – David Macaulay, English-American author and illustrator * 1946 – Gianni Versace, Italian fashion designer, founded Versace (d. 1997) *
1947 It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Events January * January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country i ...
– Isaac Bitton, Moroccan-French drummer and songwriter * 1947 – Tommy Jenkins, English footballer and manager * 1947 – Ivan Atanassov Petrov, Bulgarian neurologist and author *1948 – Elizabeth Berg (author), Elizabeth Berg, American nurse and author * 1948 – T. Coraghessan Boyle, American novelist and short story writer * 1948 – Patricia Hewitt, Australian-English educator and politician, English Secretary of State for Health * 1948 – Toninho Horta, Brazilian guitarist and composer * 1948 – Antonín Panenka, Czech footballer *
1950 Events January * January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed. * January 5 – Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 crashes in a snowstorm. All 19 ...
– John Wesley Ryles, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1950 – Amin Saikal, Afghan-Australian political scientist and academic * 1950 – Benjamin Stora, Algerian-French historian and author * 1950 – Paul Watson, Canadian activist, founded the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society *1952 – Carol Shea-Porter, American social worker, academic, and politician *
1954 Events January * January 1 – The Soviet Union ceases to demand war reparations from West Germany. * January 3 – The Italian broadcaster RAI officially begins transmitting. * January 7 – Georgetown-IBM experiment: The fir ...
– Dan Butler, American actor, director, and screenwriter *
1956 Events January * January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan. * January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim Elliot and Pete Fleming, are kille ...
– Steven Bauer, Cuban-American actor and producer *
1957 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 20th century, and the 8th year ...
– Dagfinn Høybråten, Norwegian political scientist and politician, Minister of Health and Care Services, Norwegian Minister of Health *1958 – Andrew George (politician), Andrew George, English politician * 1958 – Vladimir Parfenovich, Belarusian canoe racer and politician * 1958 – George Saunders, American short story writer and essayist *1959 – Kelefa Diallo, Guinean general (d. 2013) *1960 – Peter Blakeley, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1960 – Razzle (musician), Razzle, English rock drummer (d. 1984) * 1960 – Rick Savage, English singer-songwriter and bass player * 1960 – Silk Smitha, Indian film actress *1962 – John Dyegh, Nigerian businessman and politician *1963 – Brendan Coyle, English actor * 1963 – Ann Patchett, American author * 1963 – Rich Sutter, Canadian ice hockey player and scout * 1963 – Ron Sutter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach *1965 – Shane Flanagan, Australian rugby league player and coach *1966 – Philippe Etchebest, French chef and television host * 1966 – Jinsei Shinzaki, Japanese wrestler and promoter, co-founded Sendai Girls' Pro Wrestling *1967 – Mary Creagh, English scholar and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Transport *1968 – David Batty, English footballer * 1968 – Darryl Kile, American baseball player (d. 2002) * 1968 – Lucy Liu, American actress and producer * 1968 – Nate Mendel, American singer-songwriter and bass player * 1968 – Rena Sofer, American actress *1969 – Ulrika Bergquist, Swedish journalist * 1969 – Chris Kiwomya, English footballer * 1969 – Pavel Loskutov, Estonian runner * 1969 – Tanya Plibersek, Australian journalist and politician, 45th Minister for Health (Australia), Australian Minister of Health *1970 – Maksim Tarasov, Russian pole vaulter * 1970 – Treach, American rapper and actor *1971 – Wilson Jermaine Heredia, American actor and singer * 1971 – Rachel McQuillan, Australian tennis player * 1971 – Jüri Reinvere, Estonian-German composer and poet * 1971 – Francesco Toldo, Italian footballer * 1971 – Mine Yoshizaki, Japanese illustrator *1972 – Sergejs Žoltoks, Latvian ice hockey player (d. 2004) *1973 – Graham Kavanagh, Irish footballer and manager * 1973 – Monica Seles, Serbian-American tennis player * 1973 – Lee Steele, English footballer * 1973 – Jan Ullrich, German cyclist *1975 – Mark Kotsay, American baseball player *1976 – Eddy Garabito, Dominican baseball player * 1976 – Masafumi Gotoh, Japanese singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer *1977 – Siyabonga Nomvethe, South African footballer *1978 – Jarron Collins, American basketball player and coach * 1978 – Jason Collins, American basketball player * 1978 – Nelly Furtado, Canadian singer-songwriter, producer, and actress * 1978 – Luigi Malafronte, Italian footballer * 1978 – Peter Moylan, Australian baseball player * 1978 – Maëlle Ricker, Canadian snowboarder * 1978 – David Rivas, Spanish footballer * 1978 – Andrew Ryan (rugby league), Andrew Ryan, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster * 1978 – Christopher Wolstenholme, English singer-songwriter and bass player *1979 – Yvonne Catterfeld, German singer-songwriter and actress * 1979 – Michael McIndoe, Scottish footballer * 1979 – Abdul Razzaq (cricketer), Abdul Razzaq, Pakistani cricketer *1980 – Adam Kreek, Canadian rower * 1980 – Darryn Randall, South African cricketer (d. 2013) *1981 – Maria Ferekidi, Greek canoe racer * 1981 – Eric Jungmann, American actor * 1981 – Danijel Pranjić, Croatian footballer * 1981 – Britney Spears, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress *1982 – Christos Karipidis, Greek footballer * 1982 – Matt Ware, American football player *1983 – Chris Burke (footballer), Chris Burke, Scottish footballer * 1983 – Bibiana Candelas, Mexican volleyball player * 1983 – Jaime Durán, Mexican footballer * 1983 – Jana Kramer, American actress and singer * 1983 – Aaron Rodgers, American football player * 1983 – Daniela Ruah, Portuguese-American actress *1984 – Péter Máté (footballer), Péter Máté, Hungarian footballer *1985 – Amaury Leveaux, French swimmer * 1985 – Dorell Wright, American basketball player *1986 – Song Ha-yoon, South Korean actress * 1986 – Claudiu Keșerü, Romanian footballer * 1986 – Tal Wilkenfeld, Australian bass player and composer *1988 – Alfred Enoch, English actor * 1988 – Stephen McGinn, Scottish footballer *1989 – Etta Bond, English singer-songwriter * 1989 – Matteo Darmian, Italian footballer * 1989 – Cassie Steele, Canadian singer-songwriter and actress *1990 – Emmanuel Agyemang-Badu, Ghanaian footballer * 1990 – Gastón Ramírez, Uruguayan footballer *1991 – Chloé Dufour-Lapointe, Canadian skier * 1991 – Charlie Puth, American singer-songwriter and pianist *1993 – Haruka Ishida, Japanese singer and actress * 1993 – Kostas Stafylidis, Greek footballer *1994 – Fumika Shimizu, Japanese actress and model * 1994 – Tomokaze Yūta, Japanese sumo wrestler *1995 – Uladzislau Hancharou, Belarusian trampolinist * 1995 – Inori Minase, Japanese actress, voice actress and singer *1998 – Juice Wrld, Juice WRLD, American rapper, singer and songwriter (d. 2019) * 1998 – Anna Kalinskaya, Russian tennis player


Deaths


Pre-1600

* 537 – Pope Silverius * 930 – Ma Yin, Chinese warlord, king of Chu (Ten Kingdoms) (b. 853) * 949 – Odo of Wetterau, German nobleman *1022 – Elvira Menéndez (died 1022), Elvira Menéndez, queen of Alfonso V of Castile (b. 996) *1255 – Muhammad III of Alamut, Nizari Ismaili Imam *1340 – Geoffrey le Scrope, Chief Justice of King Edward III of England *1348 – Emperor Hanazono of Japan (b. 1297) *1381 – John of Ruusbroec, Flemish priest and mystic (b. 1293) *1455 – Isabel of Coimbra, queen of Portugal (b. 1432) *1463 – Albert VI, Archduke of Austria (b. 1418) *1469 – Piero di Cosimo de' Medici, Italian banker and politician (b. 1416) *1510 – Muhammad Shaybani, Khan (title), Khan of Bukhara (b. 1451) *1515 – Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, Spanish general (b. 1453) *1547 – Hernán Cortés, Spanish general and explorer (b. 1485) *1594 – Gerardus Mercator, Flemish mathematician, cartographer, and philosopher (b. 1512)


1601–1900

*1615 – Louis des Balbes de Berton de Crillon, French general (b. 1541) *1665 – Catherine de Vivonne, marquise de Rambouillet, French author (b. 1588) *1694 – Pierre Puget, French painter, sculptor, and architect (b. 1622) *1719 – Pasquier Quesnel, French theologian and author (b. 1634) *1723 – Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (b. 1674) *1726 – Samuel Penhallow, English-American historian and author (b. 1665) *1747 – Vincent Bourne, English poet and scholar (b. 1695) *1748 – Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset, English politician, Lord President of the Council (b. 1662) *1774 – Johann Friedrich Agricola, German organist and composer (b. 1720) *1814 – Marquis de Sade, French philosopher, author, and politician (b. 1740) *1844 – Eustachy Erazm Sanguszko, Polish general and politician (b. 1768) *1849 – Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen (b. 1792) * 1859John Brown, American abolitionist (b. 1800) *1881 – Jenny von Westphalen, German author (b. 1814) *1885 – Allen Wright, Principal chief of the Choctaw Nation (1866-1870); proposed the name "Oklahoma", from Choctaw words ''okra'' and ''umma'', meaning "Territory of the Red People." (b. 1826) *1888 – Namık Kemal, Turkish journalist, poet, and playwright (b. 1840) *1892 – Jay Gould, American businessman and financier (b. 1836) *
1899 Events January 1899 * January 1 ** Spanish rule ends in Cuba, concluding 400 years of the Spanish Empire in the Americas. ** Queens and Staten Island become administratively part of New York City. * January 2 – **Bolivia sets up a c ...
– Gregorio del Pilar, Filipino general and politician, 1st Governor of Bulacan (b. 1875)


1901–present

*1918 – Edmond Rostand, French poet and playwright (b. 1868) *1924 – Kazimieras Būga, Lithuanian linguist and philologist (b. 1879) *
1927 Events January * January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the British Broadcasting ''Corporation'', when its Royal Charter of incorporation takes effect. John Reith becomes the first Director-General. * January 7 ...
– Paul Heinrich von Groth, German scientist who systematically classified minerals and founded the journal ''Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie'' (b. 1843) *1931 – Vincent d'Indy, French composer and educator (b. 1851) *1936 – John Ringling, American businessman, co-founded Ringling Brothers Circus (b. 1866) *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 ...
– Nordahl Grieg, Norwegian journalist and author (b. 1902) *1944 – Josef Lhévinne, Russian pianist and educator (b. 1874) * 1944 – Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Egyptian-Italian poet and composer (b. 1876) * 1944 – Eiji Sawamura, Japanese baseball player and soldier (b. 1917) *
1950 Events January * January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed. * January 5 – Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 crashes in a snowstorm. All 19 ...
– Dinu Lipatti, Romanian pianist and composer (b. 1917) *1953 – Reginald Baker (sportsman), Reginald Baker, Australian rugby player (b. 1884) * 1953 – Trần Trọng Kim, Vietnamese historian, scholar, and politician, List of Prime Ministers of Vietnam, Prime Minister of Vietnam (b. 1883) *
1957 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 20th century, and the 8th year ...
– Harrison Ford (silent film actor), Harrison Ford, American actor (b. 1884) * 1957 – Manfred Sakel, Ukrainian-American neurophysiologist and psychiatrist (b. 1902) *1966 – L. E. J. Brouwer, Dutch mathematician and philosopher (b. 1881) * 1966 – Giles Cooper (playwright), Giles Cooper, Irish author, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1918) *1967 – Francis Spellman, American cardinal (b. 1889). *1969 – José María Arguedas, Peruvian anthropologist, author, and poet (b. 1911) * 1969 – Kliment Voroshilov, Ukrainian-Russian marshal and politician, 3rd List of heads of state of the Soviet Union, Head of State of The Soviet Union (b. 1881) *1974 – Sylvi Kekkonen, Finnish writer and wife of President of Finland Urho Kekkonen (b. 1900) * 1974 – Max Weber (Swiss politician), Max Weber, Swiss lawyer and politician (b. 1897) *1976 – Danny Murtaugh, American baseball player and manager (b. 1917) *1980 – Chaudhry Muhammad Ali, Indian-Pakistani lawyer and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Pakistan (b. 1905) * 1980 – Romain Gary, Lithuanian-French author, director, and screenwriter (b. 1914) *1981 – Wallace Harrison, American architect, co-founded Harrison & Abramovitz (b. 1895) *1982 – Marty Feldman, English actor and comedian (b. 1933) * 1982 – Giovanni Ferrari, Italian footballer and manager (b. 1907) *1983 – Fifi D'Orsay, Canadian-American actress and singer (b. 1904) *1985 – Philip Larkin, English poet, author, and librarian (b. 1922) *1986 – Desi Arnaz, Cuban-American actor, singer, businessman, and television producer (b. 1917) * 1986 – John Curtis Gowan, American psychologist and academic (b. 1912) *1987 – Luis Federico Leloir, French-Argentinian physician and biochemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906) * 1987 – Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich, Belarusian physicist, astronomer, and cosmologist (b. 1914) *1988 – Karl-Heinz Bürger, German colonel (b. 1904) * 1988 – Tata Giacobetti, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1922) *1990 – Aaron Copland, American composer and conductor (b. 1900) * 1990 – Robert Cummings, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1908) *1993 – Pablo Escobar, Colombian drug lord (b. 1949) *1995 – Robertson Davies, Canadian author, playwright, and critic (b. 1913) * 1995 – Roxie Roker, American actress (b. 1929) * 1995 – Mária Telkes, Hungarian–American biophysicist and chemist (b. 1900) *1997 – Shirley Crabtree, English wrestler (b. 1930) * 1997 – Michael Hedges, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1953) *1999 – Charlie Byrd, American guitarist (b. 1925) *2000 – Gail Fisher, American actress (b. 1935) *2002 – Ivan Illich, Austrian priest and philosopher (b. 1926) * 2002 – Arno Peters, German cartographer and historian (b. 1916) *2003 – Alan Davidson (food writer), Alan Davidson, British soldier, historian, and author (b. 1924) *2004 – Alicia Markova, English ballerina and choreographer (b. 1910) * 2004 – Mona Van Duyn, American poet and academic (b. 1921) *2005 – William P. Lawrence, American admiral and pilot (b. 1930) * 2005 – Van Tuong Nguyen, Australian convicted drug trafficker (b. 1980) *2006 – Mariska Veres, Dutch singer (b. 1947) *2007 – Jennifer Alexander, Canadian-American ballerina and actress (b. 1972) * 2007 – Elizabeth Hardwick (writer), Elizabeth Hardwick, American literary critic, novelist, and short story writer (b. 1916) *2008 – Odetta, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress (b. 1930) * 2008 – Henry Molaison, American memory disorder patient (b. 1926) * 2008 – Edward Samuel Rogers, Canadian lawyer and businessman (b. 1933) * 2008 – Renato de Grandis, Italian composer, musicologist, and writer (b. 1927) *2009 – Foge Fazio, American football player and coach (b. 1938) * 2009 – Eric Woolfson, Scottish singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1945) *2012 – Tom Hendry, Canadian playwright, co-founded the Manitoba Theatre Centre (b. 1929) * 2012 – Ehsan Naraghi, Iranian sociologist and author (b. 1926) *2013 – William Allain, American soldier and politician, 58th Governor of Mississippi (b. 1928) * 2013 – Jean-Claude Beton, Algerian-French engineer and businessman, founded Orangina (b. 1925) * 2013 – Marcelo Déda, Brazilian lawyer and politician (b. 1960) * 2013 – Junior Murvin, Jamaican singer-songwriter (b. 1946) *2014 – A. R. Antulay, Indian lawyer and politician, 8th Chief Minister of Maharashtra (b. 1929) * 2014 – Jean Béliveau, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1931) * 2014 – Josie Cichockyj, English basketball player and coach (b. 1964) * 2014 – Bobby Keys, American saxophonist (b. 1943) * 2014 – Don Laws, American figure skater and coach (b. 1929) *2015 – Sandy Berger, American lawyer and politician, 19th National Security Advisor (United States), United States National Security Advisor (b. 1945) * 2015 – Will McMillan (actor), Will McMillan, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1944) * 2015 – George T. Sakato, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1921) *2020 – Pat Patterson (wrestler), Pat Patterson, American wrestler (b. 1941)


Holidays and observances

*Armed Forces Day (Cuba) *Christian feast day: **Avitianus, Avitus of Rouen **Saint Bibiana, Bibiana **Channing Moore Williams (Anglicanism) **Chromatius **Habakkuk (Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar, Eastern Orthodox) **December 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) *International Day for the Abolition of Slavery (United Nations) *Lao National Day *National Day (United Arab Emirates)


References


External links


BBC: On This Day
*
Historical Events on December 2
{{months Days of the year December