Project 211 () was an abolished project of developing comprehensive universities and

colleges A college ( Latin: ''collegium'') is an educational institution or a constituent part of one. A college may be a degree-awarding tertiary educational institution, a part of a collegiate or federal university, an institution offerin ...

initiated in 1995 by the Ministry of Education of China, with the intent of raising the research standards of comprehensive universities and cultivating strategies for

socio-economic development Socioeconomics (also known as social economics) is the social science that studies how economic activity affects and is shaped by social processes. In general it analyzes how modern societies progress, stagnate, or regress because of their local ...

. The name for the project comes from an abbreviation of the slogan "In preparation for the 21st century, successfully managing 100 universities" (面向21世纪，办好100所高校). One hundred was the approximate number of participating universities.

History

During the first phase of the project, from 1996 to 2000, approximately US$2 billion was distributed. Some universities of Project 211 claimed that the project funding had been ceased in 2013. Since 2014, Project 211 has been mentioned less. In the same year, some universities reported that Project 211 funding had ceased, and the project had been repealed. In October 2015, the State Council of P.R.China published the 'Overall Plan for Promoting the Construction of World First-Class Universities and First-Class Disciplines (

Double First Class University Plan The World First Class University and First Class Academic Discipline Construction (), together known as Double First Class (), is a tertiary education development initiative designed by the People's Republic of China central government in 2015 ...

)' , and made new arrangements for the development of higher education in China, replacing previous projects including Project 211, Project 985, Project Characteristic Key Disciplines, etc. In June 2016, the Ministry of Education of China announced that the Project 211 had been abolished and replaced by the Double First Class University Initiative. In September 2017, the full list of Double First Class University Plan was formally published by the central government of China, a total number of 140 universities were included in this plan (the number of Double First Class Universities expanded to 147 in February 2022), taking up less than 5% of the total number of Chinese higher education institutions (3,012), which represents the most elite part of the higher education in China. In 2019, the Ministry of Education of China reconfirmed that the invalidated Project 211 had been replaced by the

Admissions

They admit students through a competitive process of the National Higher Education Entrance Examination (" Gaokao") for undergraduate programs.

Evaluation

Many Project 211 universities are viewed as prestigious universities of all Chinese universities. Since 2015, the Project 211 has been abolished and replaced by the Double First Class University Initiative.

List of universities

By 2008, China had some 116 institutions of higher education (approximately 6%) designated as 211 Project institutions for having met the planned scientific, technical, and

human resources Human resources (HR) is the set of people who make up the workforce of an organization, business sector, industry, or economy. A narrower concept is human capital, the knowledge and skills which the individuals command. Similar terms includ ...

targets and offering advanced degree programs. Note: 985 represents the university included in the Project 985 and C9 represents the university included in the

C9 League The C9 League () is an alliance of nine universities in China, initiated by the Chinese Central Government to promote the development and reputation of higher education in China in 2009. Collectively, universities in the C9 League account for 3% ...

References

External links