2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Stephen Breyer

{{SCOTUS-justice-listframe , firstname=Stephen , lastname=Breyer , image=File:Stephen Breyer, SCOTUS photo portrait.jpg , term=2014 , tenurecount=twenty-first , startdate=October 6, 2014 , enddate=October 4, 2015 , majority=8 , concurrence=4 , concurrencedissent=1 , dissent=4 , other=0 , benchcount=16 , relatingtoorders=1 , inchambers=0 , unanimous=2 , mostjoinedby=Ginsburg (13) , leastjoinedby=Scalia, Alito (3) , url-courtopinions=https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/slipopinion/14 , url-relatingtoorders=https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/relatingtoorders/14 , url-inchambers=https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/in-chambers/14 , accessdate=October 5, 2015 , opinionstemplate=Stephen Breyer opinions , courttemplate=SCOTUSterm2010-2015 , entries= {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=01 , case=Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. v. Sandoz, Inc. , type=majority , volume=574 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= patent law {{*

claim construction In a patent or patent application, the claims define, in technical terms, the extent, i.e. the scope, of the protection conferred by a patent, or the protection sought in a patent application. In other words, the purpose of the claims is to define ...

{{* appellate standard of review {{*

Federal Rules of Civil Procedure The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (officially abbreviated Fed. R. Civ. P.; colloquially FRCP) govern civil procedure in United States district courts. The FRCP are promulgated by the United States Supreme Court pursuant to the Rules Enabling ...

, joined=Roberts, Scalia, Kennedy, Ginsburg, Sotomayor, Kagan , summary= , otheropinion1author=Thomas , , otheropinion1type=dissent , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Clarence Thomas#Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. v. Sandoz, Inc. {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=02 , case1=Bower v. Texas , type=dissent , volume=575 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues=

death penalty Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is the state-sanctioned practice of deliberately killing a person as a punishment for an actual or supposed crime, usually following an authorized, rule-governed process to conclude that t ...

{{* consideration of

mitigating evidence Mitigating evidence is evidence that is provided (usually by the defendant in a criminal trial) in order to try to establish the presence of mitigating circumstances. The presence of mitigating circumstances can reduce the punishment imposed for ...

at sentencing , joined=Ginsburg, Sotomayor , summary=Breyer dissented from the Court's denial of certiorari. {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=03 , case=Young v. United Parcel Service, Inc. , type=majority , volume=575 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues=

Pregnancy Discrimination Act The Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) of 1978 () is a United States federal statute. It amended Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to "prohibit sex discrimination on the basis of pregnancy." The Act covers discrimination "on the basis of ...

{{* disparate treatment claim , joined=Roberts, Ginsburg, Sotomayor, Kagan , summary= , otheropinion1author=Alito , , otheropinion1type=concurrence , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Samuel Alito#Young v. United Parcel Service, Inc. , otheropinion2author=Scalia , , otheropinion2type=dissent , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Antonin Scalia#Young v. United Parcel Service, Inc. , otheropinion3author=Kennedy , , otheropinion3type=dissent , , otheropinion3link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Anthony Kennedy#Young v. United Parcel Service, Inc. {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=04 , case=Alabama Legislative Black Caucus v. Alabama , type=majority , volume=575 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= Fourteenth Amendment {{*

Equal Protection Clause The Equal Protection Clause is part of the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause, which took effect in 1868, provides "''nor shall any State ... deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal ...

{{*

redistricting Redistribution (re-districting in the United States and in the Philippines) is the process by which electoral districts are added, removed, or otherwise changed. Redistribution is a form of boundary delimitation that changes electoral dist ...

{{*

racial gerrymandering In representative democracies, gerrymandering (, originally ) is the political manipulation of electoral district boundaries with the intent to create undue advantage for a party, group, or socioeconomic class within the constituency. The m ...

{{*

Voting Rights Act of 1965 The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the civil rights movement ...

, joined=Kennedy, Ginsburg, Sotomayor, Kagan , summary= , otheropinion1author=Scalia , , otheropinion1type=dissent , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Antonin Scalia#Alabama Legislative Black Caucus v. Alabama , otheropinion2author=Thomas , , otheropinion2type=dissent , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Clarence Thomas#Alabama Legislative Black Caucus v. Alabama {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=05 , case=Armstrong v. Exceptional Child Center, Inc. , type=concurrence , volume=575 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= Medicaid {{* Supremacy Clause {{* implied right of action , joined= , summary= , otheropinion1author=Scalia , , otheropinion1type=majority , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Antonin Scalia#Armstrong v. Exceptional Child Center, Inc. , otheropinion2author=Sotomayor , , otheropinion2type=dissent , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Sonia Sotomayor#Armstrong v. Exceptional Child Center, Inc. {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=06 , case=Oneok, Inc. v. Learjet, Inc. , type=majority , volume=575 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues=

Natural Gas Act The Natural Gas Act of 1938 was the first occurrence of the United States federal government regulating the natural gas industry. It was focused on regulating the rates charged by interstate natural gas transmission companies. In the years prior t ...

{{* federal preemption of state antitrust laws , joined=Kennedy, Ginsburg, Alito, Sotomayor, Kagan; Thomas (in part) , summary= , otheropinion1author=Thomas , , otheropinion1type=concurrence , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Clarence Thomas#Oneok, Inc. v. Learjet, Inc. , otheropinion2author=Scalia , , otheropinion2type=dissent , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Antonin Scalia#Oneok, Inc. v. Learjet, Inc. {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=07 , case=Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar , type=concurrence , volume=575 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= First Amendment {{*

freedom of speech Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction. The right to freedom of expression has been recogni ...

{{* ban on personal solicitation of campaign funds by judicial candidates , joined= , otheropinion1author=Roberts , , otheropinion1type=majority , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of John Roberts#Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar , otheropinion2author=Ginsburg , , otheropinion2type=concurrence , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Ruth Bader Ginsburg#Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar , otheropinion3author=Scalia , , otheropinion3type=dissent , , otheropinion3link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Antonin Scalia#Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar , otheropinion4author=Kennedy , , otheropinion4type=dissent , , otheropinion4link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Anthony Kennedy#Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar , otheropinion5author=Alito , , otheropinion5type=dissent , , otheropinion5link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Samuel Alito#Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar , summary= {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=08 , case=Tibble v. Edison Int'l , type=majority , volume=575 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= Employee Retirement Income Security Act {{* breach of fiduciary duty {{* statute of limitations , joined=Unanimous , summary= {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=09 , case=Coleman v. Tollefson , type=majority , volume=575 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= in forma pauperis filing status {{* ineligibility after dismissals of three frivolous suits {{* effect of pending

appeal In law, an appeal is the process in which cases are reviewed by a higher authority, where parties request a formal change to an official decision. Appeals function both as a process for error correction as well as a process of clarifying and ...

, joined=Unanimous , summary= {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=10 , case=Zivotofsky v. Kerry , type=concurrence , volume=576 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues=

political question doctrine In United States constitutional law, the political question doctrine holds that a constitutional dispute that requires knowledge of a non-legal character or the use of techniques not suitable for a court or explicitly assigned by the Constitution ...

{{* U.S. position on status of Jerusalem {{* Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003 {{*

passport A passport is an official travel document issued by a government that contains a person's identity. A person with a passport can travel to and from foreign countries more easily and access consular assistance. A passport certifies the personal ...

designation of births in Jerusalem , joined= , otheropinion1author=Kennedy , , otheropinion1type=majority , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Anthony Kennedy#Zivotofsky v. Kerry , otheropinion2author=Thomas , , otheropinion2type=concurrencedissent , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Clarence Thomas#Zivotofsky v. Kerry , otheropinion3author=Roberts , , otheropinion3type=dissent , , otheropinion3link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of John Roberts#Zivotofsky v. Kerry , otheropinion4author=Scalia , , otheropinion4type=dissent , , otheropinion4link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Antonin Scalia#Zivotofsky v. Kerry , summary=Breyer stated that he continued to believe the case presented a nonjusticiable political question, but joined the Court's opinion because its precedent in ''Zivotofsky v. Clinton'' (from which he had dissented) precluded resolving the case on that ground. {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=11 , case=Kerry v. Din , type=dissent , volume=576 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues=

Immigration and Nationality Act The U.S. Immigration and Nationality Act may refer to one of several acts including: * Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 * Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 * Immigration Act of 1990 See also * List of United States immigration legisla ...

{{* exclusion of alien for terrorist activities {{* denial of spouse's visa {{*

Due Process Clause In United States constitutional law, a Due Process Clause is found in both the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, which prohibits arbitrary deprivation of "life, liberty, or property" by the government except as ...

{{* substantive due process {{* liberty interest in marriage , joined=Ginsburg, Sotomayor, Kagan , otheropinion1author=Scalia , , otheropinion1type=plurality , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Antonin Scalia#Kerry v. Din , otheropinion2author=Kennedy , , otheropinion2type=concurrence , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Anthony Kennedy#Kerry v. Din , summary= {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=12 , case=Baker Botts L.L.P. v. ASARCO LLC , type=dissent , volume=576 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= bankruptcy law {{* Chapter 11 {{* attorney's fee application {{* award of attorneys fees for defending application {{* American Rule , joined=Ginsburg, Kagan , otheropinion1author=Thomas , , otheropinion1type=majority , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Clarence Thomas#Baker Botts L.L.P. v. ASARCO LLC , otheropinion2author=Sotomayor , , otheropinion2type=concurrence , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Sonia Sotomayor#Baker Botts L.L.P. v. ASARCO LLC , summary= {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=13 , case=Reed v. Town of Gilbert , type=concurrence , volume=576 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= First Amendment {{* free speech {{* content-based restrictions {{* regulation of signs on private property , joined= , summary= , otheropinion1author=Thomas , , otheropinion1type=majority , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Clarence Thomas#Reed v. Town of Gilbert , otheropinion2author=Alito , , otheropinion2type=concurrence , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Samuel Alito#Reed v. Town of Gilbert , otheropinion3author=Kagan , , otheropinion3type=concurrence , , otheropinion3link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Elena Kagan#Reed v. Town of Gilbert {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=14 , case=Walker v. Texas Div., Sons of Confederate Veterans, Inc. , type=majority , volume=576 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= First Amendment {{* free speech {{*

government speech The government speech doctrine, in American constitutional law, says that the government is not infringing the free speech rights of individual people when the government declines to use viewpoint neutrality in its own speech.Hudson, David. The Re ...

{{* specialty license plates , joined=Thomas, Ginsburg, Sotomayor, Kagan , summary= , otheropinion1author=Alito , , otheropinion1type=dissent , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Samuel Alito#Walker v. Texas Div., Sons of Confederate Veterans, Inc. {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=15 , case=Horne v. Department of Agriculture , type=concurrencedissent , volume=576 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 {{* National Raisin Reserve {{* Fifth Amendment {{* Takings Clause , joined=Ginsburg, Kagan , summary= , otheropinion1author=Roberts , , otheropinion1type=majority , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of John Roberts#Horne v. Department of Agriculture , otheropinion2author=Thomas , , otheropinion2type=concurrence , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Clarence Thomas#Horne v. Department of Agriculture , otheropinion3author=Sotomayor , , otheropinion3type=dissent , , otheropinion3link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Sonia Sotomayor#Horne v. Department of Agriculture {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=16 , case=Kingsley v. Hendrickson , type=majority , volume=576 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= Fourteenth Amendment {{*

{{* excessive force against pretrial detainee , joined=Kennedy, Ginsburg, Sotomayor, Kagan , summary= , otheropinion1author=Scalia , , otheropinion1type=dissent , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Antonin Scalia#Kingsley v. Hendrickson , otheropinion2author=Alito , , otheropinion2type=dissent , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Samuel Alito#Kingsley v. Hendrickson {{SCOTUS-justice-listentry , #=17 , case=Glossip v. Gross , type=dissent , volume=576 , page= , year=2015 , wikisource= , issues= Eighth Amendment {{*

{{* use of midazolam in

lethal injection Lethal injection is the practice of injecting one or more drugs into a person (typically a barbiturate, paralytic, and potassium solution) for the express purpose of causing rapid death. The main application for this procedure is capital puni ...

, joined=Ginsburg , summary= , otheropinion1author=Alito , , otheropinion1type=majority , , otheropinion1link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Samuel Alito#Glossip v. Gross , otheropinion2author=Scalia , , otheropinion2type=concurrence , , otheropinion2link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Antonin Scalia#Glossip v. Gross , otheropinion3author=Thomas , , otheropinion3type=concurrence , , otheropinion3link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Clarence Thomas#Glossip v. Gross , otheropinion4author=Sotomayor , , otheropinion4type=dissent , , otheropinion4link=2014 term United States Supreme Court opinions of Sonia Sotomayor#Glossip v. Gross