The year 1894 in architecture involved some significant events.

Events

* In the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...

, the

Society of Beaux-Arts Architects A society is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same spatial or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations. Societi ...

is founded. * Anatole de Baudot designs the church of

Saint-Jean-de-Montmartre Saint-Jean de Montmartre () is a Roman Catholic parish church located at 19 Rue des Abbesses in the 18th arrondissement of Paris. Situated at the foot of Montmartre, it is notable as the first example of reinforced concrete in church constructio ...

in Paris as the first to use a

reinforced concrete Reinforced concrete (RC), also called reinforced cement concrete (RCC) and ferroconcrete, is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having hig ...

frame.

Buildings and structures

Buildings opened

April 21 Events Pre-1600 *753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...

– Quatro de Setembro Theater, Teresina, Brazil. *

May 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks. *1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade. * 1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and forc ...

– Blackpool Tower in

Blackpool Blackpool is a seaside resort in Lancashire, England. Located on the North West England, northwest coast of England, it is the main settlement within the Borough of Blackpool, borough also called Blackpool. The town is by the Irish Sea, betw ...

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...

, completed to a design by Maxwell and Tuke and opened to the public. *

June 30 Events Pre-1600 * 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy. * 763 – The Byzantine Empire, Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus (763), Battle of Anc ...

–

Tower Bridge Tower Bridge is a Listed building#Grade I, Grade I listed combined Bascule bridge, bascule and Suspended-deck suspension bridge, suspension bridge in London, built between 1886 and 1894, designed by Horace Jones (architect), Horace Jones and e ...

London London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...

, designed by Horace Jones (architect) and John Wolfe-Barry. * July **

Dalen Hotel Dalen Hotel is a historic hotel located at Dalen in the municipality of Tokke in Vestfold og Telemark, Norway. The luxury Dalen Hotel, once a popular locale for European royalty, is one of the largest wooden buildings in Norway and one of the be ...

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...

, designed by

Haldor Børve Haldor Larsen Børve (19 August 1857 – 11 August 1933) was an architect from Ullensvang in Hordaland, Norway. Børve started an architectural practice in Porsgrunn in 1889 and designed numerous buildings in Telemark and Vestfold, many of t ...

. **

Palais Galliera The Palais Galliera, also formally known as the Musée de la Mode de la Ville de Paris (City of Paris Fashion Museum), and formerly known as Musée Galliera, is a museum of fashion and fashion history located at 10, avenue Pierre 1er de Serbie, ...

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

, designed by

Léon Ginain Paul-René-Léon Ginain (5 October 1825, Paris - 7 March 1898, Paris) was a French architect. Life and works He studied with Louis-Hippolyte Lebas at the École nationale supérieure des beaux-arts, École des Beaux-Arts. After having won the ...

. * October 16 –

Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden The Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden ('Hessian State Theatre Wiesbaden') is a German theatre located in Wiesbaden, in the German state Hesse. The company produces operas, plays, ballets, musicals and concerts on four stages. Known also as the ...

, designed by Fellner & Helmer.

Buildings completed

* Kapelle der Versöhnung, Berlin, Germany. * Mary, Queen of the World Cathedral, Montreal, Canada. * Reformed Church, Dresden, designed by

Harald Julius von Bosse Harald Julius von Bosse (28 September 1812 – 10 March 1894; ''Гаральд Юлиус Боссе'') was a 19th-century architect and painter. He was descended from a Germano-Baltic noble family and was a subject of the Russian Empire. L ...

(demolished 1963). *

Ringkirche The Ringkirche (Ring Church) is a Protestant church in Wiesbaden, the state capital of Hesse, Germany. The Romanesque Revival church was built between 1892 and 1894 and designed by Johannes Otzen. The historic monument also serves as a concert ven ...

Wiesbaden Wiesbaden () is a city in central western Germany and the capital of the state of Hesse. , it had 290,955 inhabitants, plus approximately 21,000 United States citizens (mostly associated with the United States Army). The Wiesbaden urban area ...

, designed by Johannes Otzen. *

Sacred Heart Church (Kőszeg, Hungary) The Church of Jesus’ Heart ( hu, Jézus Szíve templom) is a parish church in the historical centre of Kőszeg, Western Hungary. The building is considered to be a fine example of Gothic Revival architecture. The church was designed by Viennes ...

, designed by Ludwig Schöne. * St. Peter's Church, Jaffa. * Colegio de Santa Maria de Jesús in

Barcelona Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...

, Spain, designed by

Antoni Gaudí Antoni Gaudí i Cornet (; ; 25 June 1852 – 10 June 1926) was a Catalan architect from Spain known as the greatest exponent of Catalan Modernism. Gaudí's works have a highly individualized, ''sui generis'' style. Most are located in Barcel ...

. *

Columbus Hall Columbus is a Latinized version of the Italian surname "''Colombo''". It most commonly refers to: * Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), the Italian explorer * Columbus, Ohio, capital of the U.S. state of Ohio Columbus may also refer to: Places ...

(school and theater) in

Orange, NJ The City of Orange is a township in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2010 U.S. census, the township's population was 30,134, reflecting a decline of 2,734 (−8.3%) from the 32,868 counted in 2000. Orange was originally ...

Jeremiah O'Rourke Jeremiah O'Rourke, FAIA, (1833 – 1915), was an Irish-American architect known primarily for his designs of Roman Catholic churches and institutions and Federal post offices. He was a founder of the Newark-based architectural firms of Jeremiah ...

. *

Antiguo Cuartel Militar Español de Ponce The Antiguo Cuartel Militar Español de Ponce or "El Castillo" (English: ''Old Spanish Military Headquarters in Ponce'' or ''"The Castle"'') is the only structure directly related to the events of the land defense of Puerto Rico during the 1898 ...

, Puerto Rico. * Sisters of Charity Hospital,

Zagreb Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...

, Croatia. * Reichstag in

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

, designed by

Paul Wallot Johann Paul Wallot (26 June 1841 Oppenheim am Rhein – 10 August 1912 Bad Schwalbach) was a German architect of Huguenot descent, best known for designing the Reichstag building in Berlin, erected between 1884 and 1894. He also built the adjacent ...

. * Royal Museum of Fine Arts, Antwerp, designed by Jean-Jacques Winders and Frans Van Dijk. * Guaranty Building,

Buffalo, New York Buffalo is the second-largest city in the U.S. state of New York (behind only New York City) and the seat of Erie County. It is at the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of the Niagara River, and is across the Canadian border from South ...

, designed by Louis Sullivan. *

Hôtel Tassel The Hôtel Tassel (french: Hôtel Tassel, nl, Hotel Tassel) is a town house in Brussels, Belgium, designed by Victor Horta for the scientist and professor Emile Tassel, and built from 1892 to 1893. It is generally considered the first true Ar ...

(town house),

Brussels Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...

, designed by

Victor Horta Victor Pierre Horta (; Victor, Baron Horta after 1932; 6 January 1861 – 8 September 1947) was a Belgian architect and designer, and one of the founders of the Art Nouveau movement. His Hôtel Tassel in Brussels, built in 1892–93, is often ...

. * Hurlbut Memorial Gate, Detroit, Michigan, USA. * Lululaund, a house for Hubert von Herkomer at Bushey, England, based on a design by Henry Hobson Richardson (d.

1886 Events January–March * January 1 – Upper Burma is formally annexed to British Burma, following its conquest in the Third Anglo-Burmese War of November 1885. * January 5– 9 – Robert Louis Stevenson's novella ''Strange ...

) (demolished 1939). * Rebuilt

Köln Hauptbahnhof Köln Hauptbahnhof or Cologne Central Station is a railway station in Cologne, Germany. The station is an important local, national and international transport hub, with many ICE, Thalys and Intercity trains calling there, as well as regional Regi ...

railway station in

Cologne Cologne ( ; german: Köln ; ksh, Kölle ) is the largest city of the German western States of Germany, state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the List of cities in Germany by population, fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 m ...

, Germany, designed by E. Grüttefie (engineer) and Georg Frentzen (architect). * Negril Lighthouse, Jamaica. *

De Arend, Coevorden De Arend (English ''The Eagle'') is a smock mill in Coevorden, Netherlands. It was built in 1894. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 11493. (Click on "Technische gegevens" to view) History De Arend was built by millwrights Ritsema Broth ...

(smock mill), Netherlands. (Click on "Technische gegevens" to view)

Awards

* RIBA Royal Gold Medal –

Frederic Leighton Frederic Leighton, 1st Baron Leighton, (3 December 1830 – 25 January 1896), known as Sir Frederic Leighton between 1878 and 1896, was a British painter, draughtsman, and sculptor. His works depicted historical, biblical, and classical subjec ...

. * Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: Alfred-Henri Recoura.

Births

February 18 Events Pre-1600 * 1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy. * 1268 &ndas ...

– Paul Williams, California-based architect (died

1980 Events January * January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission. * January 6 – Global Positioning System time epoch begins at 00:00 UTC. * January 9 – ...

)

Deaths

* April 11 –

Constantin Lipsius Johannes Wilhelm Constantin Lipsius (20 October 1832 – 11 April 1894) was a German architect and architectural theorist, best known for his controversial design of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts and Exhibition Building (1883–1894) on the Brüh ...

, German architect and architectural theorist (born

1832 Events January–March * January 6 – Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds the New-England Anti-Slavery Society. * January 13 – The Christmas Rebellion of slaves is brought to an end in Jamaica, after the island's white plan ...

) * June 27 –

Giorgio Costantino Schinas Giorgio Costantino Schinas (1834–1894) was a Maltese architect and civil engineer. He was of Greek descent. He was born in Valletta in 1834 to Costantino Schinas and his wife Elisabetta Camilleri. He studied at the Royal University of Pavia, ...

, Maltese architect and civil engineer (born

1834 Events January–March * January – The Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad is chartered in Wilmington, North Carolina. * January 1 – Zollverein (Germany): Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states. * January 3 � ...

) * August 15 –

Arthur Rotch Arthur Rotch (May 13, 1850 – August 15, 1894) was an American architect active in Boston, Massachusetts. Early life Rotch was born in Milton, Massachusetts to Benjamin Smith Rotch (1817-1882) and Annie Bigelow Lawrence (1820-1893). His was a pr ...

, Boston-based architect (born

1850 Events January–June * April ** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome. ** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad "Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States. * April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a cit ...

) *

September 16 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Pope Honorius I is posthumously excommunicated by the Sixth Ecumenical Council. *1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers. 1601–1900 * 1620 – A determined band of 35 relig ...

–

Eduard Mezger Friedrich Eduard Mezger (13 February 1807 – 16 September 1894) was a Bavarian architect, painter, professor, and a high civil officer of the royal buildings administration, called ''Oberbaurat'' (literally "top architect"). Biography Mezger ...

, Bavarian architect, painter, professor and high civil officer of the royal buildings administration (born

1807 Events January–March * January 7 – The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland issues an Order in Council prohibiting British ships from trading with France or its allies. * January 20 – The Sierra Leone Company, faced with b ...

) *

December 16 Events Pre-1600 * 714 – Pepin of Herstal, mayor of the Merovingian palace, dies at Jupille (modern Belgium). He is succeeded by his infant grandson Theudoald, while his widow Plectrude holds actual power in the Frankish Kingdom. * 755 ...

–

Alexandru Orăscu Alexandru Hristea Orăscu (30 July 1817 – 16 December 1894) was a Romanian architect famous for his Neoclassicism, Neoclassicist and Renaissance-revival works. He was born in Bucharest in 1817 to Serdar (Ottoman rank), serdar Hristea Orăs ...

, Romanian Neoclassicist architect (born

1817 Events January–March * January 1 – Sailing through the Sandwich Islands, Otto von Kotzebue discovers New Year Island. * January 19 – An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, starts crossing the ...

)

References

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