The
enzyme
Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...
(''R'')-limonene synthase (EC 4.2.3.20)
catalyzes
Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...
the reversible
chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the IUPAC nomenclature for organic transformations, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the pos ...
*geranyl diphosphate
(+)-(4''R'')-limonene + diphosphate.
Description
This enzyme belongs to the family of
lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. ...
s, specifically those
carbon
Carbon () is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent
In chemistry, the valence (US spelling) or valency (British spelling) of an element is the measure of its combining capacity with o ...
-
oxygen
Oxygen is the chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group in the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as wel ...
lyases acting on phosphates. The
systematic name of this enzyme class is Geranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase
yclizing, (+)-(4''R'')-limonene-forming''. Other names in common use include Limonene synthase, and Geranyldiphosphate diphosphate lyase
+)-(''R'')-limonene-forming''.
The enzyme participates in monoterpenoid biosynthesis and is localized to
Leucoplasts of oil gland secretory cells.
References
Further reading
*
*
EC 4.2.3
Enzymes of unknown structure
{{4.2-enzyme-stub