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The U880 is an
8-bit In computer architecture, 8-bit Integer (computer science), integers or other Data (computing), data units are those that are 8 bits wide (1 octet (computing), octet). Also, 8-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) arc ...
microprocessor that was manufactured by
VEB VEB may stand for: * Venturing and Emerging Brands, a division of Coca-Cola * Virtual business * Venezuelan , currency of Venezuela between 1879 and 2007, ISO 4217 code VEB * ' (German for "People-owned enterprise"), a state-owned workplace or est ...
Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx"
Erfurt Erfurt () is the capital and largest city in the Central German state of Thuringia. It is located in the wide valley of the Gera river (progression: ), in the southern part of the Thuringian Basin, north of the Thuringian Forest. It sits in ...
(abbreviated as MME; part of Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt) in the German Democratic Republic. Production of the U880 started in 1980 at VEB Funkwerk Erfurt (abbreviated as FWE; the plant was renamed to VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" in 1983). The U880 is an unlicensed
clone Clone or Clones or Cloning or Cloned or The Clone may refer to: Places * Clones, County Fermanagh * Clones, County Monaghan, a town in Ireland Biology * Clone (B-cell), a lymphocyte clone, the massive presence of which may indicate a pathologi ...
of the
Zilog Zilog, Inc. is an American manufacturer of microprocessors and 8-bit and 16-bit microcontrollers. It is also a supplier of application-specific embedded system-on-chip (SoC) products. Its most famous product is the Z80 series of 8-bit microp ...
Z80 microprocessor, also supporting
illegal opcodes An illegal opcode, also called an unimplemented operation, unintended opcode or undocumented instruction, is an opcode, instruction to a CPU that is not mentioned in any official documentation released by the CPU's designer or manufacturer, wh ...
and bugs, except for very minor differences like not setting the CY flag for the command (when L goes zero).


Processor variants

The U880 was manufactured in NMOS technology and encased in a plastic DIL40 package with a pin spacing of 2.5 mm (export versions had the Western pin spacing of 2.54 mm; Russian variants also came in a ceramic package). The military version of the U880 has an additional "MEK 4" marking. Image:Robotron UA880D MME 1.jpg, UA880D (1986) Image:Robotron UB880D MME S1 1.jpg, UB880D S1 hobbyist version (1989) Image:Robotron UB880D MME MEK4 1.jpg, UB880D with military "MEK 4" marking (1989) Image:Robotron VB880D MME 1.jpg, VB880D industrial temperature version (1990) Image:Robotron 80A CPU MME 1.jpg, 80A-CPU marking for export Image:U880DC08 C3 FWE-L.jpg, U880DC08 (1992)


Support chips

VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" also manufactured a number of support chips for the U880. The prefixes UA, UB, VB, 80, and 80A correspond to the same temperature ranges and clock rates as for the processor variants above. Likewise, the suffix S1 indicates the out-of-spec, hobbyist version.


Applications

The U880 was by far the most widely used microprocessor in the German Democratic Republic. Examples are: * office computers
A 5120 The A 5120 was an office computer produced by VEB Robotron in Karl-Marx-Stadt (now Chemnitz), East Germany starting in 1982. The system featured an 8-bit microprocessor, the U880. It was built for office work and had minimal graphics and sound c ...
,
PC 1715 The PC 1715 was an office computer produced by VEB Robotron in East Germany starting in 1985. The system featured an 8-bit microprocessor, the U880, a clone of the Zilog Z80. It was built for office work and education, but also had an interface for ...
(all by VEB Robotron), the 1715 used a second U880 just for the keyboard. * home computers
KC 85 The KC 85 ('KC' meaning "Kleincomputer", or "small computer") were models of microcomputers built in East Germany, first in 1984 by VEB Robotron (the KC 85/1) and later by VEB Mikroelektronik "Wilhelm Pieck" Mühlhausen (KC 85/2, KC 85/3 and K ...
,
KC compact The Amstrad CPC (short for ''Colour Personal Computer'') is a series of 8-bit home computers produced by Amstrad between 1984 and 1990. It was designed to compete in the mid-1980s home computer market dominated by the Commodore 64 and the Si ...
(both by VEB Mikroelektronik "Wilhelm Pieck" Mühlhausen), KC 87, Z1013 (both by VEB Robotron),
LC80 The educational computer LC80 was a single-board computer manufactured in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and intended for teaching purposes. It was the first computer that retail customers could buy in the GDR. History and development ...
by Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt * arcade game
Poly Play ''Poly-Play'' is an arcade cabinet developed in East Germany in 1985; it is the only such machine to originate in the GDR. It was created by VEB Polytechnik and contained a number of games, including a ''Pac-Man'' clone. A total of about 2,000 u ...
(by VEB Polytechnik) At the time the U880 was the most advanced 8-bit processor available in the Eastern Bloc. Only clones of the Intel 8080 were manufactured in Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, and the Soviet Union. As the Z80 replaced the Intel 8080 in the West, the U880 was used throughout the Eastern Bloc. Examples are: * Poland: home computers
Mera-Elzab Meritum Mera–Elzab Meritum – a family of Polish personal computers based on TRS-80 Model I with BASIC Level II. Manufactured in the 1980s by ''Mera–Elzab'' in cooperation with ''ITM'' company. History In the late 1970s and early 1980s, there was n ...
, Elwro 700 Solum,( pl) Elwro 800 Junior,( pl) MIK CA80( pl) * Czechoslovakia: home computers
Didaktik Gama The Didaktik was a series of 8-bit home computers based on the clones of Intel 8080 and Zilog Z80 processors produced in former Czechoslovakia. Didaktik Alfa Didaktik Alfa was produced in 1986, as a "more professional" clone of PMD 85. It fe ...
, Tesla Ondra * Hungary: home computer Microkey Primo( hu) * Romania: home computers Electromagnetica JET, ITCI MicroTIM,( ro) ICE-Felix HC-85,( ro) Feper Junior * Bulgaria: office computer ISOT-1031C( ru) * Soviet Union: home computer
Dubna 48K Dubna ( rus, Дубна́, p=dʊbˈna) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It has a status of ''naukograd'' (i.e. town of science), being home to the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, an international nuclear physics research center and one o ...


Further development

Following the example of Zilog where the Z80 was succeeded by the 16-bit processors Z8001 / Z8002, VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" produced the U8001 / U8002. And just like its Western counterpart, the U8001 / U8002 saw far less use than the U880. When MS-DOS emerged as the dominant operating system for personal computers, in the Eastern Bloc the only available clone of the
Intel 8086 The 8086 (also called iAPX 86) is a 16-bit microprocessor chip designed by Intel between early 1976 and June 8, 1978, when it was released. The Intel 8088, released July 1, 1979, is a slightly modified chip with an external 8-bit data bus (allowi ...
was the Soviet K1810VM86. VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" then proceeded to develop a clone of the Intel 80286, the
U80601 The U80601 was a 16-bit microprocessor made in 1989-1990 by Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt in the former German Democratic Republic of East Germany. It was manufactured in NMOS technology and encased in a PLCC or ceramic (CLCC) package (first ...
. Furthermore, a CMOS version of the Z80 was developed with the designation U84C00. Due to the economic changes following the
German reunification German reunification (german: link=no, Deutsche Wiedervereinigung) was the process of re-establishing Germany as a united and fully sovereign state, which took place between 2 May 1989 and 15 March 1991. The day of 3 October 1990 when the Ge ...
in 1990, neither project proceeded beyond pilot production. VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" (MME) was privatized in 1990 under the name ''ERMIC GmbH'', a large part of which became ''Thesys Gesellschaft für Mikroelektronik mbH'' in 1992. Both ERMIC and Thesys continued to manufacture the NMOS version of the U880, ERMIC still with the MME name and logo, Thesys under its new name. A die shrink chip with the marking ''U880/6'' had been developed in 1990 and went into production some time after that. The smaller chip allowed clock rates up to 8 MHz for the U880DC08 and Thesys Z80H. While Zilog likely could have taken up legal action against the successors of VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" for copyright infringement, they recruited Thesys as a Zilog distributor instead. From about 1991 until 1993, bare U880 chips were sold to Russian and Ukrainian companies and packaged there. Initially the ''U880/5'' chip revision was labelled as ''80A-CPU'' and ''T34VM1'' (russian: Т34ВМ1). Later integrated circuits with ''U880/6'' chips inside received the official
designation Designation may refer to: * Designation (law), the process of determining an incumbent's successor * Professional certification * Designation (landmarks), an official classification determined by a government agency or historical society * Designa ...
''KR1858VM1'' (russian: КР1858ВМ1) for the plastic package and KM1858VM1 (russian: КМ1858ВМ1) for the ceramic package. Manufacturers include Angstrem
Zelenograd Zelenograd ( rus, Зеленогра́д, p=zʲɪlʲɪnɐˈgrat, lit. ''green city'') is a city and administrative okrug of Moscow, Russia. The city of Zelenograd and the territory under its jurisdiction form the Zelenogradsky Administrative O ...
, Kvazar Kiev, and VZPP
Voronesh Voronezh ( rus, links=no, Воро́неж, p=vɐˈronʲɪʂ}) is a city and the administrative centre of Voronezh Oblast in southwestern Russia straddling the Voronezh River, located from where it flows into the Don River. The city sits on th ...
.


References


Further reading


External links


U880 Processors: images and descriptions from cpu-collection.de
{{Zilog Science and technology in East Germany Kombinat Mikroelektronik microprocessors 8-bit microprocessors