Český Dub (german: Böhmisch Aicha) is a town in
Liberec District
Liberec District ( cs, okres Liberec) is the district (''okres'') within the Liberec Region of Czech Republic. As its name implies, its administrative center is the city of Liberec.
Complete list of municipalities
Bílá -
Bílý Kostel nad Ni ...
in the
Liberec Region
Liberec Region ( cs, Liberecký kraj, german: Reichenberger Region, pl, Kraj liberecki) is an administrative unit ( Czech: ''kraj'') of the Czech Republic, located in the northernmost part of its historical region of Bohemia. It is named after ...
of the
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...
. It has about 2,800 inhabitants. The town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an
urban monument zone.
Administrative parts
Český Dub is made up of town parts of Český Dub I–IV and villages of Bohumileč, Hoření Starý Dub, Kněžičky, Libíč, Loukovičky, Malý Dub, Modlibohov, Smržov, Sobákov, Sobotice and Starý Dub.
History
Český Dub belongs to the oldest settlements in
North Bohemia. The first written mention of Český Dub is from 1115. It was founded as a market settlement on a trade route, on an elevated spot between small rivers of Ještědka and Rašovka. In 1237, Český Dub became a property of
Havel of Markvartice
Havel of Markvartice, also Havel of Lemberk ( cs, Havel z Lemberka) or Gallus of Lämberg; '' fl.'' 1230–1255) was a Bohemian nobleman, Lord of Lemberk Castle and burgrave of Kladsko.
Family
The Markvartici — also called Marquards — were ...
. He had built here a fortified monastery for the Order of
Knights Hospitaller
The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic military order. It was headq ...
with the Chapel of Saint John the Baptist.
In 1552, the monastery and the late Gothic castle were rebuilt to a representative Renaissance castle. The castle burned down in 1858. In the middle of the 19th century, the town became a centre of textile industry thanks to the entrepreneur Franz von Schmitt. He also had built a Neorenaissance castle in the town.
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Sights
Schmitt's Castle serves today as an institute of social services. Its English landscape garden
The English landscape garden, also called English landscape park or simply the English garden (french: Jardin à l'anglaise, it, Giardino all'inglese, german: Englischer Landschaftsgarten, pt, Jardim inglês, es, Jardín inglés), is a sty ...
is open to the public.
The regional Podještědské Museum was founded in 1919 and since 1945 has been located in Blaschko's Villa. It is a valuable Neorenaissance house from 1880–1881, decorated in the style of historicist Art Nouveau. It was built by Franz von Schmitt for his daughter and her husband. The museum also includes exposed underground remains of the Knights Hospitaller monastery.
References
External links
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Cities and towns in the Czech Republic
Populated places in Liberec District
{{Liberec-geo-stub