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Ă–regrund is a locality situated in
Ă–sthammar Municipality Ă–sthammar Municipality (''Ă–sthammars kommun'') is a municipality in Uppsala County in east central Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Ă–sthammar. The present municipality was created during the local government reform in the late sixti ...
, Uppsala County,
Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
. As of 2010, it had 1,555 inhabitants. It is located by the Baltic Sea, on the coast of Uppland. Despite its small population, Ă–regrund is still commonly referred to as a ''city'' for historical reasons.


History

The town was granted a royal charter in 1491, by request from citizens from nearby city of Ă–sthammar. Ă–sthammar had once been a coastal town, but due to post-glacial rebound its harbour had become useless. The royal council granted the request to construct a city at the end of the archipelago where the sea opened. It further proclaimed "the city shall forever be known as Ă–regrund". The small but expanding city soon became a point of conflict. In 1520
Christian II of Denmark Christian II (1 July 1481 â€“ 25 January 1559) was a Scandinavian monarch under the Kalmar Union who reigned as King of Denmark and Norway, from 1513 until 1523, and Sweden from 1520 until 1521. From 1513 to 1523, he was concurrently Duke ...
conquered
Stockholm Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...
. A young
Gustav Eriksson Gustav I, born Gustav Eriksson of the Vasa noble family and later known as Gustav Vasa (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), was King of Sweden from 1523 until his death in 1560, previously self-recognised Protector of the Realm ('' Riksföre ...
tried to gather an army, and Ă–regrund became the port whereto ships with men and weapons were transported. As a countermeasure, the Danish King had the city burnt in the winter of 1520. And so, the citizens of Ă–regrund had to move back to Ă–sthammar. Not until 1555, when Gustav Eriksson had become King Gustav I of Sweden (Vasa) and stabilized the nation, were the citizens granted permission to reconstruct the city. Uppland underwent an industrial revolution in the 17th century, with the
Swedish iron industry Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...
becoming the foundation of Sweden's status as a Great Power. Bar iron was exported through Ă–regrund. In England the best quality wrought iron was known as
Oregrounds iron Oregrounds iron was a grade of iron that was regarded as the best grade available in 18th century England. The term was derived from the small Swedish city of Ă–regrund, the port from which the bar iron was shipped. It was produced using the Wal ...
. Fishing was basically the only industry through the centuries. The
industrialization Industrialisation ( alternatively spelled industrialization) is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society. This involves an extensive re-organisation of an econo ...
of the 19th century never took hold in Ă–regrund; instead establishing itself in the nearby Ă–sthammar. In the late 19th century a new industry prospered: the
spa A spa is a location where mineral-rich spring water (and sometimes seawater) is used to give medicinal baths. Spa towns or spa resorts (including hot springs resorts) typically offer various health treatments, which are also known as balneoth ...
s. People from outside built summer houses and made Ă–regrund their summer residence. During this era, several fine villas and gardens were built. However, the summer residents led to decreased tax incomes for economically troubled city. In 1968, Ă–regrund was merged with the then-city of Ă–sthammar. Since the municipal reform of 1971, Ă–regrund is in
Ă–sthammar Municipality Ă–sthammar Municipality (''Ă–sthammars kommun'') is a municipality in Uppsala County in east central Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Ă–sthammar. The present municipality was created during the local government reform in the late sixti ...
. In 2017 Ă–regrund was used as scenery for the Dutch television show (''Crown Witness'').


Modern times

The nave of Ă–regrund is still the harbour. In modern times it is mainly used for small boats. In the summer it flourishes due to small sailboats and other pleasure boats. Boats also arrive from Stockholm, taking a trip from the Stockholm Archipelago.


Sights

Ă–regrund is one of Uppland's best kept wooden cities and attracts many visitors. Apart from the wooden houses, there is also a noteworthy stone church in the town center, and a town hall from the mid 19th century.


References


External links

*
om Ă–regrund''
(in Swedish) *

from
Nordisk familjebok ''Nordisk familjebok'' (, "Nordic Family Book") is a Swedish encyclopedia that was published in print from between 1876 and 1993, and that is now fully available in digital form via Project Runeberg at Linköping University. Despite their consi ...
(1922) *
Ă–regrund historia
private webpage / Stig Sandelin (Summary in English

{{DEFAULTSORT:Oregrund Populated places in Uppsala County Populated places in Ă–sthammar Municipality Coastal cities and towns in Sweden