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Women In Australia
Women in Australia refers to women's demographic and cultural presence in Australia. Australian women have contributed greatly to the country's development, in many areas. Historically, a masculine bias has dominated Australian culture. Since 1984, the ''Sex Discrimination Act 1984'' (Cth) has prohibited sex discrimination throughout Australia in a range of areas of public life, including work, accommodation, education, the provision of goods, facilities and services, the activities of clubs and the administration of Commonwealth laws and programs, though some residual gender inequality in Australia, inequalities still persist. In 2017, Australia was ranked the world's safest country for women by the New World Wealth research group. History Colonial New South Wales Australia was established in 1788 as a penal colony. The population was predominantly male, with between 1788 and 1792, around 3546 male and 766 female convicts being landed at Sydney. This severe gender imbal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sisters Of St Joseph Of The Sacred Heart
The Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart, often called the Josephites or Brown Joeys, are a Catholic religious order founded by Saint Mary MacKillop (1842–1909). Members of the congregation use the postnominal initials RSJ (Religious Sisters of St Joseph). The order was founded in Penola, South Australia, in 1866 by Mary MacKillop and the Rev. Julian Tenison Woods. The centre of the congregation is at Mary MacKillop Place, Mount Street, North Sydney, New South Wales, where Saint Mary MacKillop's tomb is enshrined in the Mary MacKillop Memorial Chapel. At present there are around 900 sisters living and working throughout Australia (in all states except Tasmania) and New Zealand, as well as in Ireland and Peru. The current congregational leader of the Josephites is Sr Monica Cavanagh. Besides the main centre at North Sydney, the Josephites, who were named after Saint Joseph, have "Mary MacKillop Centres" at Penola, South Australia; the Adelaide suburb of Kensingto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutional Amendment (Adult Suffrage) Act 1894
The ''Constitutional Amendment (Adult Suffrage) Act 1894'' was an Act of the Parliament of South Australia to amend the South Australian '' Constitution Act 1856'' to include women's suffrage. It was the seventh attempt to introduce voting rights for women and received widespread public support including the largest petition ever presented to the South Australian parliament. The proposed legislation was amended during debate to include the right of women to stand for parliament after an opponent miscalculated that such a provision would cause the bill to be defeated. Once passed, South Australia become the fourth state in the world to give women the vote and the first to give women the right to be elected to parliament. Background The first resolution in the South Australian House of Assembly to give women the vote was introduced by Sir Edward Charles Stirling in 1885, and was passed but not acted upon. Six bills were introduced unsuccessfully into Parliament over the but it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of South Australia
The Parliament of South Australia is the bicameral legislature of the Australian state of South Australia. It consists of the 47-seat South Australian House of Assembly, House of Assembly (lower house) and the 22-seat South Australian Legislative Council, Legislative Council (upper house). General elections are held every 4 years, with all of the lower house and half of the upper house filled at each election. It follows a Westminster system of parliamentary government with the executive branch required to both sit in parliament and hold the confidence of the House of Assembly. The parliament is based at Parliament House, Adelaide, Parliament House on North Terrace, Adelaide, North Terrace in the state capital of Adelaide. Unlike the Parliament of Australia, federal parliament and the parliaments of most other states, the South Australian Constitution does not define the parliament as including either the Monarchy of Australia, monarch or the governor of South Australia as one ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victorian Women's Suffrage Society
Victorian Women's Suffrage Society was an Australian organization for women's suffrage Women's suffrage is the women's rights, right of women to Suffrage, vote in elections. Several instances occurred in recent centuries where women were selectively given, then stripped of, the right to vote. In Sweden, conditional women's suffra ..., founded in 1884. It organized the struggle for women's suffrage in the State of Victoria in Australia. It was the first women's suffrage society in Australia. Formation The organisation was founded by Henrietta Dugdale and Annie Lowe, and Elizabeth Rennick. Dugdale had started the campaign for women's suffrage in 1868, and the campaign was organized with the foundation of the organization. The purpose of the organization was 'To obtain the same political privileges for women as now possessed by male voters'. It was open for both male and female members. The organisation was founded and named at a meeting in South Yarra on 8 May 1884 chair ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elizabeth Rennick
Elizabeth Harrison Rennick (born Elizabeth Harrison Skrymsher, c.1833 – 12 August 1923), was a British born, Australian suffragist who lived in Melbourne, Victoria. She was known as one of the pioneer suffragists in the Colony of Victoria, having hosted the 1884 meeting during which the Victorian Women's Suffrage Society was formed. She was elected its the first secretary and treasurer. She was forced to resign within the first year due to making controversial statements in a press interview. Biography Early life Rennick was born Elizabeth Harrison Skrymsher, in approximately 1833, in England. She married Charles Rennick in 1857. They had five children, and moved to Australia in 1879. Her daughter Marion was an exhibiting member of the Victorian Artists Society. Marion's second husband was James Barrett. Involvement in the women's suffrage movement While still living in England, Rennick was involved with the women's suffrage movement for many years. She was a member of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annie Lowe
Annie Lowe (born Ann Hopkins, 12 July 1834 – 14 April 1910) was a suffragist in Victoria, Australia. She and Henrietta Dugdale founded the Victorian Women's Suffrage Society (the suffragettes) in 1884, the first organisation of this kind to be established in Australia. Biography Lowe was born Ann Hopkins, third daughter of Susanna and William Hopkins, in Wilberforce, New South Wales, on 12 July 1834. Her father was involved with establishing universal suffrage for men in New South Wales. She credited her father for her political and social education stating:"He discussed politics before his boys and girls. We imbibed his broad and liberal views. Boys and girls, we were trained equally. We girls were taught that what was good for the boys was good for us to know."Lowe married Josiah Alexander Lowe on 17 July 1868 at St Peters in Woolloomooloo, and they later moved to Victoria. In 1884 she helped found the Victorian Women's Suffrage Society Victorian Women's Suffrage Societ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henrietta Dugdale
Henrietta Augusta Dugdale ( Worrell; 14 May 1827 – 17 June 1918) was a pioneer Australian who initiated the first women's suffrage society in Australia. Non-conformist, provocative and quick-witted, her campaigning resulted in breakthroughs for women's rights in Australia. Early life and education Henrietta Augusta Worrell was born at St Pancras London on 14 May 1827, the second surviving daughter of John Worrell and Henrietta Ann (''née'' Austin). Her claim of a first marriage at 14 does not fit with her official marriage in 1848 to a merchant navy officer J. A. Davies, with whom she came to Australia in 1852. After Davies' death she married ship's captain William Dugdale in Melbourne in March 1853. They settled at Queenscliff where sons Einnim, Carl and Austin were born. Dugdale was a vegetarian. After separating from William Dugdale in the late 1860s, she moved to the Melbourne suburb of Camberwell where she remained until a few years before her death on 17 June 1918 at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women's Suffrage
Women's suffrage is the women's rights, right of women to Suffrage, vote in elections. Several instances occurred in recent centuries where women were selectively given, then stripped of, the right to vote. In Sweden, conditional women's suffrage was in effect during the Age of Liberty (1718–1772), as well as in American Revolution, Revolutionary and early-independence Women's suffrage in New Jersey, New Jersey (1776–1807) in the US.Karlsson Sjögren, Åsa, ''Männen, kvinnorna och rösträtten: medborgarskap och representation 1723–1866'' [Men, women, and suffrage: citizenship and representation 1723–1866], Carlsson, Stockholm, 2006 (in Swedish). Pitcairn Islands, Pitcairn Island allowed women to vote for its councils in 1838. The Kingdom of Hawai'i, which originally had universal suffrage in 1840, rescinded this in 1852 and was subsequently annexed by the United States in 1898. In the years after 1869, a number of provinces held by the British Empire, British and Russi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catherine Helen Spence
Catherine Helen Spence (31 October 1825 – 3 April 1910) was a Scottish-born Australian author, teacher, journalist, politician, leading suffragist, and Georgist. Spence was also a minister of religion and social worker, and supporter of electoral proportional representation. In 1897 she became Australia's first female political candidate after standing (unsuccessfully) for the 1897 Australasian Federal Convention election, Federal Convention held in Adelaide. Called the "Greatest Australian Woman" by Miles Franklin and by the age of 80 dubbed the "Grand Old Woman of Australia", Spence was commemorated on the Australian five-dollar note issued for the Centenary of Federation of Australia. Early life and family Spence was born in Melrose, Scotland, in October 1825, as the fifth child in a family of eight. Her father David Spence was a banker and lawyer, her mother was Helen née Brodie. Her eldest sibling, Agnes, died in infancy, and her sisters were Jessie, Helen, Mary and b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benedict XVI
Pope BenedictXVI (born Joseph Alois Ratzinger; 16 April 1927 – 31 December 2022) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 19 April 2005 until resignation of Pope Benedict XVI, his resignation on 28 February 2013. Benedict's election as pope occurred in the 2005 papal conclave that followed Death and funeral of Pope John Paul II, the death of Pope John Paul II. Upon his resignation, Benedict chose to be known as "pope emeritus", a title he held until Death and funeral of Pope Benedict XVI, his death on 31 December 2022. Ordained as a Priesthood in the Catholic Church, priest in 1951 in his native Bavaria, Ratzinger embarked on an academic career and established himself as a highly regarded theologian by the late 1950s. He was appointed a full professor in 1958 when aged 31. After a long career as a professor of theology at several German universities, he was appointed Archbishop of Munich and Freising and created a Cardinal (Catholic Church) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canonised
Canonization is the declaration of a deceased person as an officially recognized saint, specifically, the official act of a Christian communion declaring a person worthy of public veneration and entering their name in the canon catalogue of saints, or authorized list of that communion's recognized saints. Catholic Church Canonization is a papal declaration that the Catholic faithful may venerate a particular deceased member of the church. Popes began making such decrees in the tenth century. Up to that point, the local bishops governed the veneration of holy men and women within their own dioceses; and there may have been, for any particular saint, no formal decree at all. In subsequent centuries, the procedures became increasingly regularized and the Popes began restricting to themselves the right to declare someone a Catholic saint. In contemporary usage, the term is understood to refer to the act by which any Christian church declares that a person who has died is a saint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
