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Wash Copper
A wash copper, copper boiler or simply copper is a wash house boiler, generally made of galvanised iron, though the best sorts are made of copper. In the inter-war years they came in two types. The first is built into a brickwork furnace and was found in older houses. The second was the free-standing or portable type, it had an enamelled metal exterior that supported the inner can or copper. The bottom part was adapted to hold a gas burner, a high pressure oil or an ordinary wood or coal fire. Superior models could have a drawing-off tap, and a steam-escape pipe that lead into the flue. It was used for domestic laundry. Linen and cotton were placed in the copper and were boiled to whiten them. Clothes were agitated within the copper with a washing dolly, a vertical stick with either a metal cone or short wooden legs on it. After washing, the laundry was lifted out of the boiling water using the washing dolly or a similar device, and placed on a strainer resting on a laundry tub o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laundry Copper (2)
A wash copper, copper boiler or simply copper is a wash house boiler, generally made of galvanised iron, though the best sorts are made of copper. In the inter-war years they came in two types. The first is built into a brickwork furnace and was found in older houses. The second was the free-standing or portable type, it had an enamelled metal exterior that supported the inner can or copper. The bottom part was adapted to hold a gas burner, a high pressure oil or an ordinary wood or coal fire. Superior models could have a drawing-off tap, and a steam-escape pipe that lead into the flue. It was used for domestic laundry. Linen and cotton were placed in the copper and were boil wash, boiled to whiten them. Clothes were agitated within the copper with a posser, washing dolly, a vertical stick with either a metal cone or short wooden legs on it. After washing, the laundry was lifted out of the boiling water using the washing dolly or a similar device, and placed on a strainer resting o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coke (fuel)
Coke is a grey, hard, and porous coal-based fuel with a high carbon content and few impurities, made by heating coal or oil in the absence of air—a destructive distillation process. It is an important industrial product, used mainly in iron ore smelting, but also as a fuel in stoves and forges when air pollution is a concern. The unqualified term "coke" usually refers to the product derived from low-ash and low-sulphur bituminous coal by a process called coking. A similar product called petroleum coke, or pet coke, is obtained from crude oil in oil refineries. Coke may also be formed naturally by geologic processes.B. Kwiecińska and H. I. Petersen (2004): "Graphite, semi-graphite, natural coke, and natural char classification — ICCP system". ''International Journal of Coal Geology'', volume 57, issue 2, pages 99-116. History China Historical sources dating to the 4th century describe the production of coke in ancient China. The Chinese first used coke for heatin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laundry Washing Equipment
Laundry refers to the washing of clothing and other textiles, and, more broadly, their drying and ironing as well. Laundry has been part of history since humans began to wear clothes, so the methods by which different cultures have dealt with this universal human need are of interest to several branches of scholarship. Laundry work has traditionally been highly gendered, with the responsibility in most cultures falling to women (formerly known as laundresses or washerwomen). The Industrial Revolution gradually led to mechanized solutions to laundry work, notably the washing machine and later the tumble dryer. Laundry, like cooking and child care, is still done both at home and by commercial establishments outside the home. The word "laundry" may refer to the clothing itself, or to the place where the cleaning happens. An individual home may have a laundry room; a utility room includes but is not restricted to the function of washing clothes. An apartment building or student h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buttumak
An ''agungi'' ( ko, 아궁이) is a firebox found in traditional Korean kitchens which is used to burn firewood or other fuel for cooking. It is also a part of the traditional floor heating system, or ondol. The flat cooktop counter or hearth installed over the ''agungi'' is called a ''buttumak'' (). History Early ''buttumak'' have been dated to the 10th‒4th century BCE. Iron and ceramic ''buttumaks'', similar to their later forms, were excavated from Goguryeo 1st century BCE historical sites, such as Anak Tomb No. 3. Many Korean agrarian kitchens had ''buttumak'' with charcoal-fueled ''agungi'' until the early 1970s. File:Goguryeo buttumak 1.jpg, Iron ''buttumak'' from Goguryeo (37 BCE ‒ 668 CE) File:Agungi door 1.jpg, ''Agungi'' door from agrarian South Korea in the mid-20th century Structure ''Buttumaks'' in agrarian Korean kitchens were commonly made from brick or stone and then smoothed with clay. Above each ''agungi'' is an upward opening where ''gama ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agungi
An ''agungi'' ( ko, 아궁이) is a firebox found in traditional Korean kitchens which is used to burn firewood or other fuel for cooking. It is also a part of the traditional floor heating system, or ondol. The flat cooktop counter or hearth installed over the ''agungi'' is called a ''buttumak'' (). History Early ''buttumak'' have been dated to the 10th‒4th century BCE. Iron and ceramic ''buttumaks'', similar to their later forms, were excavated from Goguryeo 1st century BCE historical sites, such as Anak Tomb No. 3. Many Korean agrarian kitchens had ''buttumak'' with charcoal-fueled ''agungi'' until the early 1970s. File:Goguryeo buttumak 1.jpg, Iron ''buttumak'' from Goguryeo (37 BCE ‒ 668 CE) File:Agungi door 1.jpg, ''Agungi'' door from agrarian South Korea in the mid-20th century Structure ''Buttumaks'' in agrarian Korean kitchens were commonly made from brick or stone and then smoothed with clay. Above each ''agungi'' is an upward opening where ''gamasot'' ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Furo
, or the more common and polite form , is a Japanese bath and/or bathroom. Specifically it is a type of bath which originated as a short, steep-sided wooden bathtub. Baths of this type are found all over Japan in houses, apartments and traditional Japanese inns (''ryokan'') but are now usually made out of a plastic or stainless steel. A ''furo'' differs from a conventional Western bathtub by being of a deeper construction, typically in the region of 0.6 m (25 inches). The sides are generally square rather than being sloped. They typically have no overflow drainage. Traditional pot shaped cast iron ''furo'' were heated by a wood-burning stove built-in below them. ''Furo'' (or ''yubune'' ( 湯船) which specifically refers to the bath with water) are usually left filled with water overnight, and in some households the water is reused or recycled for washing clothes the next day. As in the West, it was the custom for more than one member of the family to use the same bath wate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamado
A is a traditional Japanese wood- or charcoal-fueled cook stove. Etymology and history The kamado was invented in China, spread to Korea, and eventually made its way to Japan.Farrispp.83-87./ref> The name kamado is the Japanese word for "stove" or "cooking range". It means a "place for the cauldron". A movable kamado called "mushikamado" came to the attention of Americans after World War II. It is now found in the US as a Kamado-style cooker or barbecue grill. The mushikamado is a round clay pot with a removable domed clay lid and is typically found in Southern Japan. Since Japanese ''kamado'' were introduced from Korea, the word ''kamado'' itself is rooted in the Korean word ''gama'' (), which means a '' buttumak'' (hearth). Some kamados have dampers and draft doors for better heat control. The kanji character for kamado is . The kanji character may be the best name to use when searching for information about traditional unmovable kamados. Elsewhere, the word kamado h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Stove
The Russian stove (russian: русская печь) is a type of masonry stove that first appeared in the 15th century. It is used both for cooking and domestic heating in traditional Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian households. The Russian stove burns firewood or wood manufacturing waste. Construction A Russian stove is designed to retain heat for long periods of time. This is achieved by channeling the smoke and hot air produced by combustion through a complex labyrinth of passages, warming the bricks from which the stove is constructed. A brick flue (russian: боров) in the attic, sometimes with a chamber for smoking food, is required to slow down the cooling of the stove. Design The Russian stove is usually in the centre of the log hut (izba). The builders of Russian stoves are referred to as ''pechniki'', "stovemakers". Good stovemakers always had a high status among the population. A badly built Russian stove may be very difficult to repair, bake unevenly, smoke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christmas Pudding
Christmas pudding is sweet dried-fruit pudding traditionally served as part of Christmas dinner in Britain and other countries to which the tradition has been exported. It has its origins in medieval England, with early recipes making use of dried fruit, suet, breadcrumbs, flour, eggs and spice, along with liquid such as milk or fortified wine. Later, recipes became more elaborate. In 1845, cookery writer Eliza Acton wrote the first recipe for what she called "Christmas pudding". The dish is sometimes known as plum puddingBroomfield, Andrea (2007Food and cooking in Victorian England: a historypp.149-150. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007 (though this can also refer to other kinds of boiled pudding involving dried fruit). The word "plum" was used then for what has been called a "raisin" since the 18th century, and the pudding does not in fact contain plums in the modern sense of the word. Basics Many households have their own recipes for Christmas pudding, some handed down ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galvanised Iron
Galvanization or galvanizing (American and British English spelling differences, also spelled galvanisation or galvanising) is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, to prevent rusting. The most common method is hot-dip galvanization, hot-dip galvanizing, in which the parts are submerged in a bath of hot, molten zinc. Protective action The zinc coating, when intact, prevents corrosive substances from reaching the underlying iron. Additional electroplating such as a chromate conversion coating may be applied to provide further Passivation (chemistry)#Surface passivation, surface passivation to the substrate material. History and etymology The earliest known example of galvanized iron was encountered by Europeans on 17th-century Indian armour in the Royal Armouries Museum collection. The term "galvanized" continues to be used metaphorically of any stimulus which results in activity by a person or group of people. In modern usage, the term "galva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pudding
Pudding is a type of food. It can be either a dessert or a savoury (salty or spicy) dish served as part of the main meal. In the United States, ''pudding'' means a sweet, milk-based dessert similar in consistency to egg-based custards, instant custards or a mousse, often commercially set using cornstarch, gelatin or similar coagulating agent such as Jell-O. The modern American meaning of pudding as dessert has evolved from the original almost exclusive use of the term to describe savoury dishes, specifically those created using a process similar to that used for sausages, in which meat and other ingredients in mostly liquid form are encased and then steamed or boiled to set the contents. In the United Kingdom and some of the Commonwealth countries, the word ''pudding'' is used to describe sweet and savoury dishes. Savoury puddings include Yorkshire pudding, black pudding, suet pudding and steak and kidney pudding. Unless qualified, however, pudding usually means dessert ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mangle (machine)
A mangle or wringer is a mechanical laundry aid consisting of two rollers in a sturdy frame, connected by cogs and (in its home version) powered by a hand crank or by electricity. While the appliance was originally used to wring water from wet laundry, today mangles are used to press or flatten sheets, tablecloths, kitchen towels, or clothing and other laundry. History Clothes press The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' dates the first use of the word in English from 1598, quoting John Florio who, in his 1598 dictionary, ''A World of Words'', described "a kind of press to press buckram, fustian, or dyed linen cloth, to make it have a luster or gloss". The word comes from the Dutch ''mangel'', from ''mangelen'' "to mangle", which in turn derives from the medieval Latin ''mango'' or ''manga'' which ultimately comes from the Greek ''manganon'', meaning "axis" or "engine". Some northern European countries used a table version for centuries, the device consisting of the rolling pin, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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