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Unbounded System
Boundedness or bounded may refer to: Economics * Bounded rationality, the idea that human rationality in decision-making is bounded by the available information, the cognitive limitations, and the time available to make the decision * Bounded emotionality, a concept within communication theory that stems from emotional labor and bounded rationality Linguistics * Boundedness (linguistics), whether a situation has a clearly defined beginning or end Mathematics * Boundedness axiom, the axiom schema of replacement * Bounded deformation, a function whose distributional derivatives are not quite well-behaved-enough to qualify as functions of bounded variation, although the symmetric part of the derivative matrix does meet that condition * Bounded growth, occurs when the growth rate of a mathematical function is constantly increasing at a decreasing rate * Bounded operator, a linear transformation ''L'' between normed vector spaces for which the ratio of the norm of ''L''(''v'') t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bounded Rationality
Bounded rationality is the idea that rationality is limited when individuals make decisions, and under these limitations, rational individuals will select a decision that is satisfactory rather than optimal. Limitations include the difficulty of the problem requiring a decision, the cognitive capability of the mind, and the time available to make the decision. Decision-makers, in this view, act as satisficers, seeking a satisfactory solution, with everything that they have at the moment rather than an optimal solution. Therefore, humans do not undertake a full cost-benefit analysis to determine the optimal decision, but rather, choose an option that fulfils their adequacy criteria. An example of this being within organisations when they must adhere to the operating conditions of their company, this has the opportunity to result in bounded rationality as the organisation is not able to choose the optimal option. Some models of human behavior in the social sciences assume that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bounded Emotionality
Bounded emotionality is a communications studies approach to dealing with emotional control in the workplace. Emotional control simply refers to how employers and employees handle the range of emotions that naturally occur in the workplace. These emotions can occur because of work, or they can be brought into work from an employee's home life. Bounded emotionality was proposed by Dennis K. Mumby and Linda Putnam. Mumby and Putnam (1992) stress that bounded emotionality encourages the expression of a wide range of emotions. Their theory encourages expression of emotions because it is a way to maintain interpersonal relationships and boundaries among people in the organization. Additionally, the expression of emotions strengthens work relations because people bond over mutual feelings. Bounded emotionality is a broad framework for organizations to use when dealing with emotions. It has six defining characteristics. The characteristics are: intersubjective limitations, spontaneous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boundedness (linguistics)
In linguistics, boundedness is a semantic feature that relates to an understanding of the referential limits of a lexical item. Fundamentally, words that specify a spatio-temporal demarcation of their reference are considered ''bounded'', while words that allow for a fluidly interpretable referent are considered ''unbounded''. This distinction also relies on the divisibility of the lexical item's referent into distinct segments, or strata. Though this feature most often distinguishes countability in nouns and aspect in verbs, it applies more generally to any syntactic category. Boundedness in verbs For verbs, certain grammatical aspects express boundedness. Boundedness is characteristic of perfective aspects such as the Ancient Greek aorist and the Spanish preterite. The simple past of English commonly expresses a bounded event ("I found out"), but sometimes expresses, for example, a stative ("I knew"). The perfective aspect often includes a contextual variation similar to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boundedness Axiom
In set theory, the axiom schema of replacement is a schema of axioms in Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory (ZF) that asserts that the image of any set under any definable mapping is also a set. It is necessary for the construction of certain infinite sets in ZF. The axiom schema is motivated by the idea that whether a class is a set depends only on the cardinality of the class, not on the rank of its elements. Thus, if one class is "small enough" to be a set, and there is a surjection from that class to a second class, the axiom states that the second class is also a set. However, because ZFC only speaks of sets, not proper classes, the schema is stated only for definable surjections, which are identified with their defining formulas. Statement Suppose P is a definable binary relation (which may be a proper class) such that for every set x there is a unique set y such that P(x,y) holds. There is a corresponding definable function F_P, where F_P(x)=y if and only if P(x,y). C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bounded Deformation
In mathematics, a function of bounded deformation is a function whose distributional derivatives are not quite well-behaved-enough to qualify as functions of bounded variation, although the symmetric part of the derivative matrix does meet that condition. Thought of as deformations of elasto-plastic bodies, functions of bounded deformation play a major role in the mathematical study of materials, e.g. the Francfort-Marigo model of brittle crack evolution. More precisely, given an open subset Ω of R''n'', a function ''u'' : Ω → R''n'' is said to be of bounded deformation if the symmetrized gradient ''ε''(''u'') of ''u'', :\varepsilon(u) = \frac is a bounded, symmetric ''n'' × ''n'' matrix-valued Radon measure. The collection of all functions of bounded deformation is denoted BD(Ω; R''n''), or simply BD, introduced essentially by P.-M. Suquet in 1978. BD is a strictly larger space than the space BV of funct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bounded Growth
Bounded growth occurs when the growth rate of a mathematical function is constantly increasing at a decreasing rate. Asymptotically, bounded growth approaches a fixed value. This contrasts with exponential growth Exponential growth is a process that increases quantity over time. It occurs when the instantaneous rate of change (that is, the derivative) of a quantity with respect to time is proportional to the quantity itself. Described as a function, a ..., which is constantly increasing at an accelerating rate, and therefore approaches infinity in the limit. An example of bounded growth is the logistic function. References Sources * Kuhn, Moscibroda, and Wattenhofer, "On the Locality of Bounded Growth", ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC), July 17–20, 2005. Mathematical modeling {{math-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bounded Operator
In functional analysis and operator theory, a bounded linear operator is a linear transformation L : X \to Y between topological vector spaces (TVSs) X and Y that maps bounded subsets of X to bounded subsets of Y. If X and Y are normed vector spaces (a special type of TVS), then L is bounded if and only if there exists some M > 0 such that for all x \in X, \, Lx\, _Y \leq M \, x\, _X. The smallest such M is called the operator norm of L and denoted by \, L\, . A bounded operator between normed spaces is continuous and vice versa. The concept of a bounded linear operator has been extended from normed spaces to all topological vector spaces. Outside of functional analysis, when a function f : X \to Y is called " bounded" then this usually means that its image f(X) is a bounded subset of its codomain. A linear map has this property if and only if it is identically 0. Consequently, in functional analysis, when a linear operator is called "bounded" then it is never meant in thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unbounded Operator
In mathematics, more specifically functional analysis and operator theory, the notion of unbounded operator provides an abstract framework for dealing with differential operators, unbounded observables in quantum mechanics, and other cases. The term "unbounded operator" can be misleading, since * "unbounded" should sometimes be understood as "not necessarily bounded"; * "operator" should be understood as "linear operator" (as in the case of "bounded operator"); * the domain of the operator is a linear subspace, not necessarily the whole space; * this linear subspace is not necessarily closed; often (but not always) it is assumed to be dense; * in the special case of a bounded operator, still, the domain is usually assumed to be the whole space. In contrast to bounded operators, unbounded operators on a given space do not form an algebra, nor even a linear space, because each one is defined on its own domain. The term "operator" often means "bounded linear operator", but in the con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bounded Poset
:''"Bounded" and "boundary" are distinct concepts; for the latter see boundary (topology). A circle in isolation is a boundaryless bounded set, while the half plane is unbounded yet has a boundary. In mathematical analysis and related areas of mathematics, a set is called bounded if it is, in a certain sense, of finite measure. Conversely, a set which is not bounded is called unbounded. The word 'bounded' makes no sense in a general topological space without a corresponding metric. A bounded set is not necessarily a closed set and vise versa. For example, a subset ''S'' of a 2-dimensional real space R''2'' constrained by two parabolic curves ''x''2 + 1 and ''x''2 - 1 defined in a Cartesian coordinate system is a closed but is not bounded (unbounded). Definition in the real numbers A set ''S'' of real numbers is called ''bounded from above'' if there exists some real number ''k'' (not necessarily in ''S'') such that ''k'' ≥ '' s'' for all ''s'' in ''S''. The number ''k'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bounded Set
:''"Bounded" and "boundary" are distinct concepts; for the latter see boundary (topology). A circle in isolation is a boundaryless bounded set, while the half plane is unbounded yet has a boundary. In mathematical analysis and related areas of mathematics, a set is called bounded if it is, in a certain sense, of finite measure. Conversely, a set which is not bounded is called unbounded. The word 'bounded' makes no sense in a general topological space without a corresponding metric. A bounded set is not necessarily a closed set and vise versa. For example, a subset ''S'' of a 2-dimensional real space R''2'' constrained by two parabolic curves ''x''2 + 1 and ''x''2 - 1 defined in a Cartesian coordinate system is a closed but is not bounded (unbounded). Definition in the real numbers A set ''S'' of real numbers is called ''bounded from above'' if there exists some real number ''k'' (not necessarily in ''S'') such that ''k'' ≥ '' s'' for all ''s'' in ''S''. The number ''k'' i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bounded Function
In mathematics, a function ''f'' defined on some set ''X'' with real or complex values is called bounded if the set of its values is bounded. In other words, there exists a real number ''M'' such that :, f(x), \le M for all ''x'' in ''X''. A function that is ''not'' bounded is said to be unbounded. If ''f'' is real-valued and ''f''(''x'') ≤ ''A'' for all ''x'' in ''X'', then the function is said to be bounded (from) above by ''A''. If ''f''(''x'') ≥ ''B'' for all ''x'' in ''X'', then the function is said to be bounded (from) below by ''B''. A real-valued function is bounded if and only if it is bounded from above and below. An important special case is a bounded sequence, where ''X'' is taken to be the set N of natural numbers. Thus a sequence ''f'' = (''a''0, ''a''1, ''a''2, ...) is bounded if there exists a real number ''M'' such that :, a_n, \le M for every natural number ''n''. The set of all bounded sequences forms the sequence space l^\infty. The definition of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bounded Set (topological Vector Space)
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a set in a topological vector space is called bounded or von Neumann bounded, if every neighborhood of the zero vector can be ''inflated'' to include the set. A set that is not bounded is called unbounded. Bounded sets are a natural way to define locally convex polar topologies on the vector spaces in a dual pair, as the polar set of a bounded set is an absolutely convex and absorbing set. The concept was first introduced by John von Neumann and Andrey Kolmogorov in 1935. Definition Suppose X is a topological vector space (TVS) over a field \mathbb. A subset B of X is called or just in X if any of the following equivalent conditions are satisfied: : For every neighborhood V of the origin there exists a real r > 0 such that B \subseteq s VFor any set A and scalar s, the notation s A is denotes the set s A := \. for all scalars s satisfying , s, \geq r. * This was the definition introduced by John von Neumann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
