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Russian Aerospace Defence Forces
The Russian Aerospace Defence Forces (VVKO) ( rus, Войска воздушно-космической обороны (ВВКО), Voyska vozdushno-kosmicheskoy oborony (VVKO)) was a branch of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation responsible for aerospace defence, and the operation of Russian military satellites and the Plesetsk Cosmodrome. It was established on 1 December 2011 and replaced the Russian Space Forces. The Aerospace Defence Forces was first commanded by former Space Forces commander Colonel General Oleg Ostapenko, who was promoted to Deputy Minister of Defence in November 2012. In December 2012, Aleksandr Golovko was appointed the new commander. Although it is officially translated as aerospace in English, it covers both attacks from the air and from (outer) space, and some Russian writers translate it as "air and space" instead. On 1 August 2015, the Russian Air Force and the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces were merged to form the Russian Aerospace For ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Space Force
A space force is a military branch of a nation's armed forces that conducts military operations in outer space and space warfare. The world's first space force was the Russian Space Forces, established in 1992 as an independent military service. However, it lost its independence twice, first being absorbed into the Strategic Rocket Forces from 1997 to 2001 and again in 2015, when it was merged with the Russian Air Force to form the Russian Aerospace Forces, where it now exists as a sub-branch. the world's only independent space forces are the United States Space Force and China's People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force, which also is China's cyber force. Countries with smaller or developing space forces may combine their air and space forces under a single military branch, such as the Russian Aerospace Forces, French Air and Space Force, or Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force, or put them in an independent defense agency, such as the Indian Defence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandr Zelin
Alexander Nikolayevich Zelin (russian: Александр Николаевич Зелин; born 6 May 1953) served as Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Air Force from 9 May 2007 until 27 April 2012. Zelin holds the Air Force rank of colonel-general. Since May 2012 Zelin has been an adviser to the Russian Defence Minister. Biography Alexander Zelin was born on 6 May 1953, in Perevalsk, Voroshilovgrad region (now Luhansk Oblast in eastern Ukraine). He graduated from Kharkov Higher Aviation School of Pilots in 1976, Gagarin Air Force Academy in 1988, and General Staff Academy in 1997. From August 2002 to May 2007 he served as Chief of aviation – Air Force Deputy Commander-in-Chief for aviation. On May 9, 2007, he became the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Air Force, replacing Army General Vladimir Mikhaylov. On April 27, 2012, he was dismissed from his post and military service. No reason was given.http://www.armstass.su/?page=article&aid=106155&cid=25 He was succe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dunay Radar
Dunay radar ( rus, Дунай, Dunay literally Danube; NATO: Cat House, Dog House) was a system of two Soviet radars used to detect American ballistic missiles fired at Moscow. They were part of the A-35 anti-ballistic missile system. One sector of one of the radars, the Dunay-3U ("Cat House") is still operational and is run by the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces as part of the Main Control Centre of Outer Space. Dunay-2 The Dunay-2 was a prototype built in Sary Shagan as part of the experimental missile defence system "A". It consisted of separate transmitter and receiver complexes separated by . The power of the radar was 100 kW and its range was . The NATO codename was "Hen Roost". Dunay-3M The Dunay-3 ( rus, Дунай-3М, Dunay-3M; NATO: Dog House) was an upgrade of the Dunay-2 located in Kubinka, Moscow and became operational in 1968. Following an extensive upgrade in 1978 it was renamed Dunay-3M as part of the upgraded A-35M ABM system. It consisted of separat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noginsk
Noginsk (russian: Ноги́нск) is a city and the administrative center of Noginsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located east of the Moscow Ring Road on the Klyazma River. Population: History Founded in 1389 as Rogozhi, the town was later renamed Bogorodsk (lit. '' townof the Mother of God'') by a Catherine the Great's decree in 1781, when it was granted town status. Throughout the 19th century and for a good part of the 20th century, the town was a major textile center, processing cotton, silk, and wool. In 1930, the town was renamed Noginsk after Bolshevik Viktor Nogin. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Noginsk serves as the administrative center of Noginsky District.Resolution #123-PG As an administrative division, it is, together with five rural localities, incorporated within Noginsky District as the City of Noginsk. As a municipal division, the City of Noginsk is incorporated within Noginsky Munici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Main Space Surveillance Centre
The 821st Main Centre for Reconnaissance of Situation in Space ( rus, Главный центр разведки космической обстановки, GTsRKO) is the headquarters of the Russian military's space surveillance network, SKKP. The centre is part of the Russian Space Forces and receives intelligence from a network of reporting stations which includes the Russian missile attack early warning network as well as some stations only used for space surveillance such as Okno and Krona. The purpose of the SKKP is to detect satellites, identify them and to discern their orbits. It maintains the Russian catalogue of space objects and provides data which could be used to support space launches, feed an anti-satellite programme and provide intelligence on hostile military satellites. It is the Russian equivalent of the United States Space Surveillance Network. History The centre is based in the military village of Noginsk-9 ( rus, Ногинск-9) about a kilometer t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solnechnogorsk
Solnechnogorsk (russian: Солнечного́рск, lit. ''sunny mountain town'') is a town and the administrative center of Solnechnogorsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Moscow–St. Petersburg Highway and the Moscow–St. Petersburg railway, on the coast of Senezh Lake, northwest from Moscow. Population: It was previously known as ''Solnechnaya Gora'' (until 1938). History Originally a village named Solnechnaya Gora (), it was granted town status and renamed Solnechnogorsk in 1938. During World War II, Solnechnogorsk was briefly occupied by the German 4th Panzer Group from November 24 to December 12, 1941. It was one of the towns that was captured in the northern pincer of the attempted German encirclement of Moscow. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Solnechnogorsk serves as the administrative center of Solnechnogorsky District.Resolution #123-PG As an administrative division, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Main Centre For Missile Attack Warning
The 820th Main Centre for Missile Attack Warning ( rus, Главный центр предупреждения о ракетном нападении (Гцпрн), GTsPRN) is the Russian early warning network against ballistic missile attack. It has headquarters in the village of Timonovo near Solnechnogorsk outside Moscow and is part of the Russian Space Forces. The centre consists of a network of early warning radar stations which transmit their data to the control centre near Solnechnogorsk. Other information comes from the early warning Oko and EKS satellites as well as the Don-2N missile defence radar. Information from the centre could be used for a launch on warning nuclear missile attack or to engage the A-135 anti-ballistic missile system. The Main Centre The centre is the control centre for the radar network. Here signals from every station are received and, if necessary, a message can be sent to the presidential ' nuclear briefcase' for authorisation to use nuclear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krasnoznamensk, Moscow Oblast
Krasnoznamensk (russian: Краснозна́менск) is a closed town in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Population: It was previously known as ''Golitsyno-2'' (until 1994). History It was granted town status in 1981. It was known until 1994 as Golitsyno-2 (). Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the closed administrative-territorial formation of Krasnoznamensk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.Law #11/2013-OZ As a municipal division, the closed administrative-territorial formation of Krasnoznamensk is incorporated as Krasnoznamensk Urban Okrug.Law #205/2004-OZ Military The town hosts a reserve mission control center and a primary mission control center for military satellites, the Titov Main Test and Space Systems Control Center (compare the United States' Joint Functional Component Command for Space and Global Strike), which is reflected in its coat of arms A co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titov Main Test And Space Systems Control Centre
The Titov Main Test and Space Systems Control Centre ( rus, Главный испытательный центр испытаний и управления космическими средствами (ГИЦИУ КС), Glavny Ispytatelny Tsentr Ispytany i Upravleniya Kosmicheskimi Sredstvami (GITSIU COP)) (also referenced as the Titov Space Control Centre and Titov Space Centre) is the main Russian military and commercial satellite control centre. It is run by the Russian Space Forces. Located roughly southwest of Moscow in closed town of Krasnoznamensk, the centre was built in 1957 as part of the Soviet space program, and was known by the name of Golitsyno-2. History A resolution of the Council of Ministers of 30 January 1956 provided for the establishment of a command and control complex for the first flight satellites. Work on the construction of the centre began on May 8, 1957. GITSIU COP and subordinate military units together with the Mission Control Centre support the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Space Command
Space Command ( rus, Космическое командование) was the part of the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces responsible for military space-related activities. It was formed on 1 December 2011 when the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces were created as a merger of the Russian Space Forces with part of the Russian Air Force. Responsibilities of the command included missile attack warning, space surveillance and the control of military satellites. The use of the term Space Command may be influenced by the United States Space Command. Space Command was one of four components of the Aerospace Defence Forces, the others were Air and Missile Defence Command, Plesetsk Cosmodrome and the arsenal. Subsumed under Space Command were three centres with their associated stations. Main Trial Centre for Testing and Control of Space Means named after G.S. Titov One centre is the 153rd Main Trial Centre for Testing and Control of Space Means named after G.S. Titov. Located in Krasnoz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Shoigu
Sergei Kuzhugetovich Shoigu, ; tyv, Сергей Күжүгет оглу Шойгу, translit=Sergey Kyzhyget oglu Shoygu, . (russian: Сергей Кужугетович Шойгу; born 21 May 1955) is a Russian politician who has served as the minister of defence of Russia since 2012. Shoigu has served as the chairman of the Council of Ministers of Defense of the Commonwealth of Independent States since 2012. Shoigu was the minister of emergency situations from 1991 to 2012. He briefly served as the governor of Moscow Oblast in 2012. A close confidant and ally of Vladimir Putin, Shoigu belongs to the '' siloviki'' of Putin's inner circle. Early life and education Shoigu was born on 21 May 1955 in Chadan in the remote and impoverished Tuvan Autonomous Oblast to an ethnic Tuvan father, newspaper editor (1921–2010) and a Ukrainian-born Russian mother, Alexandra Yakovlevna Shoigu (1924–2011). Alexandra Shoigu grew up in the Donbas town of Stakhanov and had trauma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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