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Reeducation Camp
Re-education camp may refer to: * Re-education camps in the Cambodian Genocide * Re-education through labor (''laojiao''), a system of administrative detentions in the People's Republic of China * Xinjiang re-education camps, internment camps for Uyghurs in Xinjiang, China * French re-education camps, announced in 2016 * Re-education camp (North Korea) * Samchung re-education camp, a military detention camp in South Korea during the 1980s * Re-education camp (Vietnam), prison camps operated by the government of Vietnam following the end of the Vietnam War See also * ''Laogai ''Laogai'' (), short for ''laodong gaizao'' (), which means reform through labor, is a criminal justice system involving the use of penal labor and prison farms in the People's Republic of China (PRC) and North Korea (DPRK). ''Láogǎi'' i ...'', Chinese reform through labor camps later renamed "prisons" * List of re-education through labor camps in China * Re-education in Communist Romania * R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Re-education Through Labor
Re-education through labor (RTL; ), abbreviated ''laojiao'' () was a system of administrative detention on Mainland China. Active from 1957 to 2013, the system was used to detain persons who were accused of committing minor crimes such as petty theft, prostitution, and trafficking of illegal drugs, as well as political dissidents, petitioners, and Falun Gong followers. It was separated from the much larger ''laogai'' system of prison labor camps. Sentences under re-education through labor were typically for one to three years, with the possibility of an additional one-year extension. They were issued as a form of administrative punishment by police, rather than the judicial system. While they were incarcerated, detainees were frequently subjected to a form of political education. Estimates of the number of RTL detainees on any given year range from 190,000 to two million. In 2013, approximately 350 RTL camps were in operation. On 28 December 2013, the Standing Committee of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xinjiang Re-education Camps
The Xinjiang internment camps, officially called vocational education and training centers ( zh, 职业技能教育培训中心, Zhíyè jìnéng jiàoyù péixùn zhōngxīn) by the government of China, are internment camps operated by the government of Xinjiang and the Chinese Communist Party Provincial Standing Committee. Human Rights Watch says that they have been used to indoctrinate Uyghurs and other Muslims since 2017 as part of a " people's war on terror", a policy announced in 2014. The camps have been criticized by the governments of many countries and human rights organizations for alleged human rights abuses, including mistreatment, rape, and torture, with some of them alleging genocide. Some 40 countries around the world have called on China to respect the human rights of the Uyghur community, including countries such as Canada, Germany, Turkey, Honduras and Japan. The governments of more than 35 countries have expressed support for China's government. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Re-education Camps
The French re-education camps, officially called Centre of Prevention, Integration and Citizenship (Le Centre de Prévention, D’insertion et de Citoyenneté), were planned and partially implemented deradicalisation camps announced by the French government in May 2016, following a rise in violent terror attacks across France such as the ''Charlie Hebdo'' shooting of January 2015 and the November 2015 Paris attacks. Announced by the then French Prime Minister Manuel Valls on 9 May 2016 under the newly established ''Interministerial Committee for the Prevention of Delinquency and Radicalization,'' the programme aimed to establish "treatment centres" in every region of France by the end of 2017. The first camp opened in September 2016 in Beaumont-en-Véron, situated within the Château de Pontourny, an 18th-century manor in central France. The camp had a total capacity of 25 people, while at its peak housed 9 participants. According to France 24 France 24 ( in French) is a Fre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Re-education Camp (North Korea)
The human rights record of North Korea is often considered to be the worst in the world and has been globally condemned, with the United Nations, the European Union and groups such as Human Rights Watch all critical of the country's record. Most international human rights organizations consider North Korea to have no contemporary parallel with respect to violations of liberty. Western human rights groups such as Amnesty International and nations such as the United States have asserted that, in practice, there is no right to free speech, and the only media providers that are deemed legal are those operated by the government in North Korea. According to reports from Amnesty International and the U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, by 2017 an estimated 200,000 prisoners were incarcerated in camps that are dedicated to political crimes, and subjected to forced labour, physical abuse, and execution. The North Korean government strictly monitors the activities of for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samchung Re-education Camp
The Samchung re-education camp was a South Korean concentration camp set up during the early 1980s under the rule of military dictator Chun Doo-hwan. More than 60,000 people—with estimates up to almost 100,000 people, many of them innocent civilians—were arrested without warrants and faced violent treatment in such camps. The camp was located in Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi Province. History In August 1980, under the South Korean military junta, Samchung served as a prison camp for critics of the new military regime and people considered to be a "social ill". This included participants of the notable Gwangju Uprising. Within a span of six months, more than 40,000 people, many of whom had clean criminal records, were forced into hard labor or faced physical violence by the military, with some of them dying due to ill-treatment. There were four categories in the camp, A, B, C and D. Each letter corresponded to the severity of treatment an interned person would receive in the camp, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Re-education Camp (Vietnam)
Re-education camps ( vi, Trại cải tạo) were prison camps operated by the Communist government of Vietnam following the end of the Vietnam War. In these camps, the government imprisoned at least 200,000-300,000 former military officers, government workers and supporters of the former government of South Vietnam. Other estimates put the number of inmates who passed through "re-education" as high as 500,000 to 1 million. The high end estimate of 1 million is often attributed to a mistranslated statement by Pham Van Dong, and is considered excessive by many scholars. "Re-education" as it was implemented in Vietnam was seen as both a means of revenge and as a sophisticated technique of repression and indoctrination. Torture was common in the re-education camps. Prisoners were incarcerated for periods ranging from weeks to 18 years. Meaning of ''học tập cải tạo'' The term ''re-education'', with its pedagogical overtones, does not quite convey the quasi-mystical resonance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laogai
''Laogai'' (), short for ''laodong gaizao'' (), which means reform through labor, is a criminal justice system involving the use of penal labor and prison farms in the People's Republic of China (PRC) and North Korea (DPRK). ''Láogǎi'' is different from ''láojiào'', or re-education through labor, which was the abolished administrative detention system for people who were not criminals but had committed minor offenses, and was intended to "reform offenders into law-abiding citizens". Persons who were detained in the ''laojiao'' were detained in facilities that were separate from those which comprised the general prison system of the ''laogai''. Both systems, however, were based on penal labor. In 1994 the ''laogai'' camps were renamed "prisons". However, Chinese Criminal Law still stipulates that prisoners able to work shall "accept education and reform through labor". The existence of an extensive network of forced-labor camps producing consumer goods for export to Eu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Re-education In Communist Romania
Re-education in Romanian communist prisons was a series of processes initiated after the establishment of the communist regime at the end of World War II that targeted people who were considered hostile to the Romanian Communist Party, primarily members of the fascist Iron Guard, as well as other political prisoners, both from established prisons and from labor camps. The purpose of the process was the indoctrination of the hostile elements with the Marxist–Leninist ideology, that would lead to the crushing of any active or passive resistance movement. Reeducation was either non-violent – e.g., via communist propaganda – or violent, as it was done at the Pitești and Gherla prisons. Theoretical background Philosopher Mircea Stănescu claimed that the theoretical foundation for the communist version of the reeducation process was provided by the principles defined by Anton Semioniovici Makarenko, a Russian educator born in Ukraine in 1888. This claim was disputed by h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
