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Parnassius
''Parnassius'' is a genus of northern circumpolar and montane (alpine and Himalayan) butterflies usually known as Apollos or snow Apollos. They can vary in colour and form significantly based on their altitude. They also show an adaptation to high altitudes called altitudinal melanism. They show dark bodies and darkened colouration at the wingbase which helps them warm faster using the sun. Although classified under the swallowtail butterfly family, none of the ''Parnassius'' species possesses tails. The larvae feed on species of plants belonging to the Papaveraceae and Crassulaceae families, and like the other swallowtail butterfly larvae, possess an osmeterium. Unlike most butterflies that have exposed pupae, they pupate inside a loose silken cocoon. Identification and ecology ''Parnassius'' species of butterflies are often hard to identify and can sometimes only be identified by dissection of the genitalia. The phylogeny of the group is still under study using molecula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Phoebus
''Parnassius phoebus'', known as the Phoebus Apollo or small Apollo, is a butterfly species of the swallowtail butterfly family, Papilionidae, found in the Palearctic and North America. ''P. phoebus'' is found in the Alps, Urals, Siberia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Alaska and Canada south through the United States to Utah and New Mexico. Description Male: the costal spots of forewing usually without red, the anterior one sometimes with white pupil; submarginal band faint and abbreviated or interrupted; no spot at hind margin; hindwing with red ocelli which are usually small, and sometimes with a submarginal row of feebly marked black spots; the veins often marked with well-defined elongate black punctures. Female: with better defined and more extended markings; vitreous margin of forewing separated from the submarginal band by large white uniform spots; the second costal spots often pupilled red, connected with one another by black scaling, on disc sometimes blackish shadows ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Apollo - Sphragis 01 (HS)
''Parnassius'' is a genus of northern circumpolar and montane (alpine and Himalayan) butterflies usually known as Apollos or snow Apollos. They can vary in colour and form significantly based on their altitude. They also show an adaptation to high altitudes called altitudinal melanism. They show dark bodies and darkened colouration at the wingbase which helps them warm faster using the sun. Although classified under the swallowtail butterfly family, none of the ''Parnassius'' species possesses tails. The larvae feed on species of plants belonging to the Papaveraceae and Crassulaceae families, and like the other swallowtail butterfly larvae, possess an osmeterium. Unlike most butterflies that have exposed pupae, they pupate inside a loose silken cocoon. Identification and ecology ''Parnassius'' species of butterflies are often hard to identify and can sometimes only be identified by dissection of the genitalia. The phylogeny of the group is still under study using molecula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Apollo
The Apollo or mountain Apollo (''Parnassius apollo''), is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. Etymology The species is named in the classical tradition for the deity Apollo. Subspecies Subspecies include: * ''Parnassius apollo apollo'' L. * ''Parnassius apollo alpherakyi'' Krulikowsky, 1906 * ''Parnassius apollo bartholomaeus'' Stichel, 1899 * ''Parnassius apollo democratus'' Kulikowsky, 1906 * ''Parnassius apollo filabricus'' Sagarra, 1933 * ''Parnassius apollo gadorensis'' Rougeot & Capdeville, 1969 ( Sierra de Gádor). Extinct. * ''Parnassius apollo geminus'' Schawerda, 1907 * ''Parnassius apollo graecus'' Ziegler, 1901 * ''Parnassius apollo hesebolus'' Nordmann, 1851 * ''Parnassius apollo hispanicus'' Oberthür, 1909 Central (Spain) * ''Parnassius apollo limicola'' Stichel, 1906 * ''Parnassius apollo merzbacheri'' Fruhstorfer, 1906 * ''Parnassius apollo nevadensis'' Oberthür, 1891 ( Sierra Nevada) * ''Parnassius apollo provincialis'' Kheil, 1905 * ''Parnassius apoll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Acdestis
''Parnassius acdestis'' is a high-altitude butterfly found in India. It is a member of the genus ''Parnassius'' of the swallowtail family, Papilionidae. The species was first described by Grigory Grum-Grshimailo in 1891. Description Note: The wing pattern in ''Parnassius species'' is inconsistent and the very many subspecies and forms make identification problematic and uncertain. Structural characters derived from the genitalia, wing venation, sphragis and foretibial epiphysis are more, but not entirely reliable. The description given here is a guide only. For an identification key see P.R. Ackery (1975). Hindwing with very narrow marginal band, the submarginal spots isolated, small; the ultracellular costal spot of forewing continued by grey scaling, forming an s-shaped band. Stichel in Seitz, 1906 (Parnassius). ''Die Groß-Schmetterlinge der Erde''. Die Groß-Schmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes. Die palaearktischen Tagfalter, Stuttgart. Subspecies * ''Parn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papilionidae
Swallowtail butterflies are large, colorful butterflies in the family Papilionidae, and include over 550 species. Though the majority are tropical, members of the family inhabit every continent except Antarctica. The family includes the largest butterflies in the world, the birdwing butterflies of the genus '' Ornithoptera''. Swallowtails have a number of distinctive features; for example, the papilionid caterpillar bears a repugnatorial organ called the osmeterium on its prothorax. The osmeterium normally remains hidden, but when threatened, the larva turns it outward through a transverse dorsal groove by inflating it with fluid. The forked appearance in some of the swallowtails' hindwings, which can be seen when the butterfly is resting with its wings spread, gave rise to the common name ''swallowtail''. As for its formal name, Linnaeus chose '' Papilio'' for the type genus, as ''papilio'' is Latin for "butterfly". For the specific epithets of the genus, Linnaeus ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Actius
''Parnassius actius'', also known as the scarce red apollo, is a high-altitude butterfly found in Central Asia. It is a member of the snow Apollo genus (''Parnassius'') of the swallowtail family (Papilionidae). Range Found in Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, north-eastern Afghanistan, Indus Valley (Pakistan) and ( Jammu and Kashmir) and south-western China, including Xinjiang. Description Note: The wing pattern in ''Parnassius'' species is inconsistent and the very many subspecies and forms make identification problematic and uncertain. Structural characters derived from the genitalia, wing venation, sphragis and foretibial epiphysis are more, but not entirely reliable. The description given here is a guide only. For an identification key see P.R. Ackery (1975). ''P. actius'' can be recognized by the more elongate and a little more pointed forewing. Ground colour usually pure white, more rarely slightly yellowish; vitreous margin of forewing narrow, as a rule n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Acco
''Parnassius acco'', the varnished Apollo, is a high-altitude butterfly found in Asia. It is a member of the snow Apollo genus ''Parnassius'' of the swallowtail family, Papilionidae. Description Note. The wing pattern in ''Parnassius'' species is inconsistent and the very many subspecies and forms make identification problematic and uncertain. Structural characters derived from the genitalia, wing venation, sphragis and foretibial epiphysis are more, but not entirely reliable. The description given here is a guide only. For an identification key see Ackery P.R. (1975). Upperside: dull greyish white. Forewing: costal margin and base with an irroration (sprinkling) of black scales, the white scaling clearest and most dense in the cell, this last crossed by a medial and an apical short, broad, transverse jet-black band; beyond apex of cell an irregularly sinuous dusky-black discal band that, usually extends from costa to vein 3, but in some specimens right up to the dorsal margin, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Boedromius
''Parnassius boedromius'' is a high-altitude butterfly found in Asia. It has a restricted range, known only along the borders of Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Xinjiang, China. Formerly a subspecies of ''Parnassius simo''. It is a member of the snow Apollo genus (''Parnassius'') of the swallowtail family (Papilionidae Swallowtail butterflies are large, colorful butterflies in the family Papilionidae, and include over 550 species. Though the majority are tropical, members of the family inhabit every continent except Antarctica. The family includes the larg ...). Description Note: The wing pattern in ''Parnassius'' species is inconsistent and the very many subspecies and forms make identification problematic and uncertain. Structural characters derived from the genitalia, wing venation, sphragis and foretibial epiphysis are more, but not entirely reliable. The description given here is a guide only. For an identification key see Ackery P.R. (1975). ''Parnassius boedromius'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Cardinal
''Parnassius cardinal'', the cardinal Apollo, is a high-altitude butterfly which is found in north Afghanistan and Tajikistan. It is a member of the snow Apollo genus (''Parnassius'') of the swallowtail family (Papilionidae). The species was first described by Grigory Grum-Grshimailo in 1887. ''P. cardinal'' which was described as a species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ... was for many years thought to be a subspecies of '' Parnassius delphius'' but it is a distinct species. Description Note: The wing pattern in ''Parnassius'' species is inconsistent and the very many subspecies and forms make identification problematic and uncertain. Structural characters derived from the genitalia, wing venation, sphragis and foretibial epiphysis are more, but not entire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Andreji
''Parnassius andreji '' is a snow butterfly found in China. The species was first described by Curt Eisner in 1930. ''Parnassius andreji'' was described as a subspecies of ''Parnassius simo''. It is now treated as a full species occurring sympatrically with ''Parnassius simo''. References * Weiss, J.-C. 1991. ''The Parnassiinae of the World'' - Part 1. Sciences Nat, Venette; 48 pp. *Chou, I. (ed) 1994. ''Monographia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium'' (Monograph of Chinese Butterflies) n Chinese N, or n, is the fourteenth letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''en'' (pronounced ), plural ''ens''. History ... Henan Scientific and Technological Publishing House, hengzhou 2 vols., viii, 855 pp. * Koiwaya, S. 1995. Re-assortment of ''Parnassius simo'' and ''andreji'' - On the discovery of sympatric habitat of ''P. simo'' and ''P. andreji'', with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Bremeri
''Parnassius bremeri'' is a high altitude butterfly which is found in Russia, Korea and China . It is a member of the snow Apollo genus (''Parnassius'') of the swallowtail family (Papilionidae). Over its vast range (Transbaikal, the Amur and Ussuri regions and the Kuriles), the species varies widely in morphology and many subspecies have been described. ''P. bremeri'' is found in open landscapes on forest-steppe, as well as slopes with woodlands up to the alpine zone (1,500 m.). The flight period is May and June. Known host plants are: ''Sedum'' - ''Sedum clizoorl'', ''S. ussuriensis'', ''S. ishida'' and '' Orostachys malacophylla''. Description It is similar to ''Parnassius phoebus'' but smaller and with wing veins almost indistinct against the ground color. The hindwing has a red basal spot. Note: The wing pattern in ''Parnassius'' species is inconsistent and the very many subspecies and forms make identification problematic and uncertain. Structural characters derive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Baileyi
''Parnassius baileyi'', or Bailey's Apollo, is a high-altitude butterfly which is found in southwestern China (Sichuan, northern Yunnan and eastern Tibet). It is a member of the snow Apollo genus (''Parnassius'') of the swallowtail family (Papilionidae). The taxonomic status of this butterfly is uncertain. ''P. baileyi'' was originally described as a subspecies of '' P. acco,'' later as a subspecies of ''P. rothschildianus'' Bryk, 1931 and also '' P. przewalskii'' (Alphérakyi 1887), and now also treated as a separate species (Weiss 1992), (Chou, 1994). Molecular studies suggest it is the sister species of ''P. acco''. The butterfly was named for Frederick Marshman Bailey who collected the first specimens. Subspecies *''Parnassius baileyi baileyi'' *''Parnassius baileyi bubo'' Bryk, 1938 *''Parnassius baileyi rothschildianus'' Bryk, 1931 References *Chou, I. (ed) 1994. Monographia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium (Monograph of Chinese Butterflies) n Chinese Henan Scientific and Tec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
