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Nationale SIGINT Organisatie
The Nationale SIGINT Organisatie (NSO) was the Dutch signals intelligence (SIGINT) organisation, which was part of the Ministry of Defence, but worked for both the military intelligence and security agency MIVD as for its civilian counterpart AIVD. The NSO was established in 2003, in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 attacks and became fully operational in 2007. Early 2014, the NSO merged into the newly created Joint Sigint Cyber Unit (JSCU).Project Symbolon completed: the Dutch Joint SIGINT Cyber Unit (JSCU) is born September 24, 2013 The facilities of the NSO were a high frequency radio interception station in in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
20120715 Grondstation Nationale SIGINT Organisatie (NSO) Burum Fr NL
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by 2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following 0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally accepted until the mid-20th century. Additionally, 1 is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Signals Intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is intelligence-gathering by interception of '' signals'', whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). Signals intelligence is a subset of intelligence collection management. As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence in turn involves the use of cryptanalysis to decipher the messages. Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information again. History Origins Electronic interceptions appeared as early as 1900, during the Boer War of 1899–1902. The British Royal Navy had installed wireless sets produced by Marconi on board their ships in the late 1890s, and the British Army used some limited wireless signalling. The Boers captured some wireless sets and used them to make vital tran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Defence (Netherlands)
The Ministry of Defence ( nl, Ministerie van Defensie; MinDef) is the Dutch Ministry responsible for the armed forces of the Netherlands and Veterans Affairs. The Ministry was created in 1813 as the "Ministry of War" and in 1928 was combined with the "Ministry of the Navy". After World War II in the ministries were separated again, in this period the Minister of War and Minister of the Navy were often the same person and the State secretary for the Navy was responsible for daily affairs of the Royal Dutch Navy. In 1959 the ministries were merged. The Ministry is headed by the Minister of Defence, currently Kajsa Ollongren, assisted by the Chief of the Defence of the Netherlands, Onno Eichelsheim since April 2021. Responsibilities The ministry has the responsibility for: * protecting the territory of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (which includes the Netherlands, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and Aruba) and her allies; * protecting and enhancing the international legal system and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MIVD
The Military Intelligence and Security Service (Dutch: ''Militaire Inlichtingen- en Veiligheidsdienst'', MIVD) is the military intelligence service of the Netherlands. It was formerly known as the ''Militaire Inlichtingendienst'' (MID) and received its current name in 2002. The MIVD is part of the Ministry of Defence. (online pdf here: https://www.docdroid.net/nI09Akp/jaarverslag-militaire-inlichtingen-en-veiligheidsdienst-2013.pdf) History The forerunner of all intelligence services in the Netherlands was the GS III, which was created shortly before World War I. This service later (after WW II) became the LAMID (Army Intelligence Service). In 1986, the Government of the Netherlands started a reform of all (Navy, Army and Air Force) military intelligence and security services. The MID (Military Intelligence Service) was formed. In 1989 and 1990 the existing branches (Navy, Army, Air Force, General Intelligence) of the MID were united to make the service stronger. After that refor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AIVD
The General Intelligence and Security Service ( nl, Algemene Inlichtingen- en Veiligheidsdienst, AIVD; ) is the intelligence and security agency of the Netherlands, tasked with domestic, foreign and signals intelligence and protecting national security. History The history of Dutch intelligence can trace itself back to 1914 with the creation of the Generale Staf III (GS III) during the outbreak of World War I. The year following the end of the war, GS III was replaced by the Centrale Inlichtingendienst (CI) in 1919. After Nazi Germany invaded the Netherlands, the Dutch government-in-exile deemed the CI to be inadequate for their war efforts and so created the Bureau Inlichtingen (BI) in 1942. After the war, in 1945, Netherlands replaced the Bureau of National Security ('' Bureau voor Nationale Veiligheid'') and in 1947, was later known as the Domestic Security Service (''Binnenlandse Veiligheidsdienst'') (BVD) which would be the predecessor of the AIVD. For the gathering of int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
September 11, 2001 Attacks
The September 11 attacks, commonly known as 9/11, were four coordinated suicide terrorist attacks carried out by al-Qaeda against the United States on Tuesday, September 11, 2001. That morning, nineteen terrorists hijacked four commercial airliners scheduled to travel from the Northeastern United States to California. The hijackers crashed the first two planes into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, and the third plane into the Pentagon (the headquarters of the United States military) in Arlington County, Virginia. The fourth plane was intended to hit a federal government building in Washington, D.C., but crashed in a field following a passenger revolt. The attacks killed nearly 3,000 people and instigated the war on terror. The first impact was that of American Airlines Flight 11. It was crashed into the North Tower of the World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan at 8:46 a.m. Seventeen minutes later, at 9:03, the World Trade Cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joint Sigint Cyber Unit
The Joint Sigint Cyber Unit (JSCU) is a Dutch government organisation, which was founded in 2013 and became operational on June 15, 2014. JSCU's primary tasks are intercepting radio and satellite traffic (Sigint) and obtaining intelligence through cyber-operations. The organisation cooperates closely with allied foreign intelligence agencies. General The decision to create a joint intelligence organisation was made in 2011. Preparations for the creation of the JSCU began in late 2012, by a joint team from the General Intelligence and Security Service (AIVD) and the Dutch Military Intelligence and Security Service (MIVD) under the name ''Project Symbolon''. The Joint Sigint Cyber Unit is governed by these two services. The JSCU headquarters is located in the AIVD building in Zoetermeer, and houses approximately 350 employees. Other JSCU divisions are housed with the MIVD in The Hague. Before the founding of the JSCU, the Nationale SIGINT Organisatie (NSO) was the organisati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eibergen
Eibergen ( Low Saxon: ''Eibarge'') is a town and former municipality in Gelderland in the Eastern Netherlands. It is part of the Achterhoek cultural region. The administrative cooperation of about 20 municipalities in this region is the Regio Achterhoek. On 1 January 2005 the municipality of Eibergen merged with the neighbouring municipalities of Neede, Borculo and Ruurlo into the new municipality of Berkelland. As of 2021, the town had a population of 11,210. Population centres Avest, Beltrum, Eibergen, Holterhoek, Hupsel, Lintvelde, Loo, Mallem, Olden Eibergen, Rekken, Zwolle. The town of Eibergen The town of Eibergen has a population of approximately 12,000 people. Its East boundary is the Dutch-German border and Eibergen used to count two official border crossing points on main roads and a small number of border crossing points for limited use on secondary roads. Since border crossing traffic became free and checks are only made inward at a certain distance from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berkelland
Berkelland () is a municipality in the Netherlands province of Gelderland. It was created on 1 January 2005 from the merger of the former municipalities of Borculo, Eibergen, Neede, and Ruurlo. The new municipality was named after the Berkel, a small river. Population centres *Formerly part of Borculo: Borculo, Geesteren, Gelselaar, Haarlo. *Formerly part of Eibergen: Avest, Beltrum, Eibergen, Holterhoek, Hupsel, Lintvelde, Loo, Mallem, Olden Eibergen, Rekken, Zwolle. *Formerly part of Neede: Achterveld, Broeke, Hoonte, Lochuizen, Neede, Noordijk, Noordijkerveld, Rietmolen. *Formerly part of Ruurlo: Brinkmanshoek, De Bruil, De Haar, Heurne, Mariënvelde, Ruurlo, Veldhoek. Topography ''Dutch Topographic map of the municipality of Berkelland, June 2015.'' Government The Eibergen community houses the interception station of the ''Nationale SIGINT Organisatie''. Notable people * Jobst of Limburg (1560 in Borculo - 1621) Count of Limburg and Bronckhorst * Menno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burum, Friesland
Burum (West Frisian language: ''Boerum'') is a village in Noardeast-Fryslân municipality, Friesland in the Netherlands. It is the site of a ground station of the Dutch Nationale SIGINT Organisatie (national signals intelligence service), which intercepts satellite communications.Nationale SIGINT Organisatie " Archive Ministry of Defence. Retrieved on 13 June 2013. Burum also provides reference signals for Enhanced Automatic Frequency Correcti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kollumerland C
Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland (; fy, en Nijkrúslân), officially abbreviated as Kollumerland c.a., is a municipality in the northern Netherlands, located in the province of Friesland. In 2019 it merged with the municipalities of Dongeradeel and Ferwerderadiel to form the new municipality Noardeast-Fryslân. Population centres Augsbuurt, Burum, Kollum, Kollumerpomp, Kollumerzwaag, Munnekezijl, Oudwoude, Triemen, Veenklooster, Warfstermolen, Westergeest and Zwagerbosch. Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland has a population of 12,775 (1 April 2016, source: CBS). Topography ''Dutch Topographic map of the municipality of Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland, June 2015.'' Government The Burum community houses the satellite ground station of the ''Nationale SIGINT Organisatie The Nationale SIGINT Organisatie (NSO) was the Dutch signals intelligence (SIGINT) organisation, which was part of the Ministry of Defence, but worked for both the military intelligence and security agency MIV ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Signals Intelligence Agencies
In signal processing, a signal is a function that conveys information about a phenomenon. Any quantity that can vary over space or time can be used as a signal to share messages between observers. The '' IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing'' includes audio, video, speech, image, sonar, and radar as examples of signal. A signal may also be defined as observable change in a quantity over space or time (a time series), even if it does not carry information. In nature, signals can be actions done by an organism to alert other organisms, ranging from the release of plant chemicals to warn nearby plants of a predator, to sounds or motions made by animals to alert other animals of food. Signaling occurs in all organisms even at cellular levels, with cell signaling. Signaling theory, in evolutionary biology, proposes that a substantial driver for evolution is the ability of animals to communicate with each other by developing ways of signaling. In human engineering, signals are ty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
