The Merovingians (/ˌmɛroʊˈvɪndʒiən/) were a Salian Frankish dynasty that ruled the Franks
Franks for nearly 300 years in a region known as Francia
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Francia in Latin, beginning in the middle of the 5th century. Their territory largely corresponded to ancient Gaul
Gaul as well as the Roman provinces of Raetia, Germania Superior
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Germania Superior and the southern part of Germania. Childeric I
Childeric I (c
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The Visigoths
Visigoths (UK: /ˈvɪzɪˌɡɒθs/; US: /ˈvɪzɪˌɡɑːθs/; Latin: Visigothi, Wisigothi, Vesi, Visi, Wesi, Wisi; Italian: Visigoti) were the western branches of the nomadic tribes of Germanic peoples referred to collectively as the Goths.[2] These tribes flourished and spread throughout the late Roman Empire
Roman Empire in Late Antiquity, or what is known as the Migration Period
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The Nicene Creed
Creed (Greek: Σύμβολον τῆς Νικαίας or, τῆς πίστεως, Latin: Symbolum Nicaenum) is a statement of belief widely used in Christian liturgy. It is called Nicene /ˈnaɪsiːn/ because it was originally adopted in the city of Nicaea (present day İznik, Turkey) by the First Council of Nicaea
First Council of Nicaea in 325.[1] In 381, it was amended at the First Council of Constantinople, and the amended form is referred to as the Nicene or the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed. The Oriental Orthodox and Assyrian churches use this profession of faith with the verbs in the original plural ("we believe") form, but the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic churches convert those verbs to the singular ("I believe")
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Old English
Old English (Ænglisc, Anglisc, Englisc), or Anglo-Saxon,[2] is the earliest historical form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland
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Scotland in the early Middle Ages. It was brought to Great Britain
Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers probably in the mid-5th century, and the first Old English
Old English literary works date from the mid-7th century. After the Norman conquest
Norman conquest of 1066, English was replaced, for a time, as the language of the upper classes by Anglo-Norman, a relative of French
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Sir William Matthew Flinders
Matthew Flinders Petrie, FRS, FBA (3 June 1853 – 28 July 1942), commonly known as Flinders Petrie, was an English Egyptologist and a pioneer of systematic methodology in archaeology and preservation of artifacts
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Medieval Latin
Latin was the form of Latin
Latin used in the Middle Ages, primarily as a medium of scholarly exchange, as the liturgical language of Chalcedonian Christianity[dubious – discuss] and the Roman Catholic Church, and as a language of science, literature, law, and administration. Despite the clerical origin of many of its authors, medieval Latin
Latin should not be confused with Ecclesiastical Latin. There is no real consensus on the exact boundary where Late Latin
Latin ends and medieval Latin
Latin begins
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The Loire
Loire (French pronunciation: [lwaʁ]; Occitan: Léger; Breton: Liger) is the longest river in France
France and the 171st longest in the world.[3] With a length of 1,012 kilometres (629 mi), it drains an area of 117,054 km2 (45,195 sq mi), or more than a fifth of France's land area,[1] while its average discharge is only half that of the Rhône. It rises in the highlands of the southeastern quarter of the Massif Central in the Cévennes
Cévennes range (in the department of Ardèche) at 1,350 m (4,430 ft) near Mont Gerbier de Jonc; it flows north through Nevers
Nevers to Orléans, then west through Tours
Tours and Nantes
Nantes until it reaches the Bay of Biscay
Bay of Biscay (Atlantic Ocean) at Saint-Nazaire
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Claudius
Claudius Ptolemy
Ptolemy (/ˈtɒləmi/; Greek: Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαῖος, Klaúdios Ptolemaîos [kláwdios ptolɛmɛ́ːos]; Latin: Claudius
Claudius Ptolemaeus; c. AD 100 – c. 170)[2] was a Greco-Roman[3] mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology.[4][5] He lived in the city of Alexandria
Alexandria in the Roman province of Egypt, wrote in Koine Greek, and held Roman citizenship.[6] The 14th-century astronomer Theodore Meliteniotes gave his birthplace as the prominent Greek city Ptolemais Hermiou
Ptolemais Hermiou (Greek: Πτολεμαΐς ‘Ερμείου) in the Thebaid
Thebaid (Greek: Θηβαΐδα [Θηβαΐς])
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The Rhine
Rhine (Latin: Rhenus, Romansh: Rein, German: Rhein, French: le Rhin,[1] Dutch: Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden
Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Liechtenstein, Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the German Rhineland
Rhineland and the Netherlands
Netherlands and eventually empties into the North Sea. The largest city on the Rhine
Rhine is Cologne, Germany, with a population of more than 1,050,000 people
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Pope
Pope Stephen II (Latin: Stephanus II (or III); 714-26 April 757[1] a Roman aristocrat[2] was Pope
Pope from 26 March 752 to his death in 757. He succeeded Pope Zachary following the death of Pope-elect Stephen (sometimes called Stephen II). Stephen II marks the historical delineation between the Byzantine Papacy
Byzantine Papacy and the Frankish Papacy. The safety of Rome
Rome was facing invasion by the Kingdom of the Lombards. Pope
Pope Stephen II traveled all the way to Paris
Paris to seek assistance against the Lombard threat from Pepin the Short. Pepin had been anointed a first time in 751 in Soissons by Boniface, archbishop of Mainz, but named his price
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.png/600px-Reame_di_Siagrio_(486).png "Go To List2 -> Syagrius")
Syagrius
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Syagrius (430 – 486[1] or 487) was the last Roman military commander of a Roman rump state in northern Gaul, now called the Kingdom of Soissons. Gregory of Tours
Gregory of Tours referred to him as King of the Romans. Syagrius's defeat by king Clovis I
Clovis I of the Franks is considered the end of Western Roman rule outside of Italy. He inherited his position from his father, Aegidius,[2] the last Roman magister militum per Gallias. Syagrius
Syagrius preserved his father's territory between the Somme and the Loire
Loire around Soissons
Soissons after the collapse of central rule in the Western Empire, a domain Gregory of Tours
Gregory of Tours called the "Kingdom" of Soissons
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Decisive Frankish victoryEnd of Alamannic autonomyBelligerentsFranks AlemanniCommanders and leadersSigobert the Lame Clovis I Gibuld †StrengthUnknown UnknownCasualties and lossesvery heavy heavyv t eCampaigns of Clovis ISoissons Frankish-Thuringian Tolbiac Strasbourg Dijon VouilléBattle of Tolbiac. Fresco at the Panthéon
Panthéon (Paris) by Joseph Blanc, c. 1881.The Battle of Tolbiac
Battle of Tolbiac was fought between the Franks, who were fighting under Clovis I, and the Alamanni, whose leader is not known. The date of the battle has traditionally been given as 496, though other accounts suggest it may either have been fought earlier, in the 480s or early 490s, or later, in 506. The site of "Tolbiac", or "Tolbiacum", is usually given as Zülpich, North Rhine-Westphalia, about 60 km east of what is now the German-Belgian frontier
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Christianity[note 1] is an Abrahamic monotheistic[1] religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus
Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians
Christians as the Christ, or "Messiah", who is the focal point of the Christian
Christian faiths
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1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.Paris (French pronunciation: [paʁi] ( listen)) is the capital and most populous city in France, with an administrative-limits area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles) and an official population of 2,206,488 (2015).[5] The city is a commune and department, and the heart of the 12,012-square-kilometre (4,638-square-mile) Île-de-France region (colloquially known as the 'Paris Region'), whose 2016 population of 12,142,802 represented roughly 18 percent of the population of France.[6] Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts
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Burgundy
Burgundy (French: Bourgogne, IPA: [buʁɡɔɲ] ( listen)) is a historical territory and a former administrative region of France
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Germania
Germania (/dʒərˈmeɪniə/; Latin: [ɡɛrˈmaː.ni.a]) was the Roman term for the geographical region in north-central Europe inhabited mainly by Germanic peoples. It extended from the Danube
Danube in the south to the Baltic Sea, and from the Rhine
Rhine in the west to the Vistula. The Roman portions formed two provinces of the Empire, Germania Inferior
Germania Inferior to the north (present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and western Germany), and Germania Superior
Germania Superior to the south (Switzerland, southwestern Germany, and eastern France). Germania
Germania was inhabited mostly by Germanic tribes, but also Celts, Balts, Scythians
Scythians and later on Early Slavs. The population mix changed over time by assimilation, and especially by migration
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