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List Of Endangered Languages In China
An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native speakers, it becomes an extinct language. UNESCO defines four levels of language endangerment between "safe" (not endangered) and "extinct": * Vulnerable * Definitely endangered * Severely endangered * Critically endangered Languages See also *Lists of endangered languages * Red Book of Endangered Languages *Affirmative action in China In the People's Republic of China, the government had instated affirmative action policies for ethnic minorities called Youhui zhengce () or Shaoshu minzu jiafen ( in College Entrance Examination) when it began in 1949 and still had impact until ... References {{Reflist China Human rights of ethnic minorities in China Separatism in China ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endangered Language
An endangered language or moribund language is a language that is at risk of disappearing as its speakers die out or shift to speaking other languages. Language loss occurs when the language has no more native speakers and becomes a "dead language". If no one can speak the language at all, it becomes an " extinct language". A dead language may still be studied through recordings or writings, but it is still dead or extinct unless there are fluent speakers. Although languages have always become extinct throughout human history, they are currently dying at an accelerated rate because of globalization, imperialism, neocolonialism and linguicide (language killing). Language shift most commonly occurs when speakers switch to a language associated with social or economic power or spoken more widely, the ultimate result being language death. The general consensus is that there are between 6,000 and 7,000 languages currently spoken. Some linguists estimate that between 50% and 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonan Language
The Bonan language (pronounced , ''Baonang''; Chinese: 保安语, ''Bǎo'ānyǔ''; Amdo Tibetan: ''Dorké'') is the Mongolic language of the Bonan people of China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, most populous country, with a Population of China, population exceeding 1.4 billion, slig .... As of 1985, it was spoken by about 8,000 people, including about 75% of the total Bonan ethnic population and many ethnic Monguor people, Monguor, in Gansu and Qinghai Provinces. There are several dialects, which are influenced to varying degrees — but always heavily — by Chinese language, Chinese and Amdo Tibetan, Tibetan, while bilingualism in Wutun language, Wutun is less common. The most commonly studied is the Tongren dialect. There is no writing system in use. The language is also referred to as "Manegacha", natively. Phonology Bonan phonology has been hea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siberian Turkic Languages
The Siberian Turkic or Northeastern Common Turkic languages, are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family. The following table is based upon the classification scheme presented by Lars Johanson (1998). Classification Alexander Vovin (2017) notes that Tofa and other Siberian Turkic languages, especially Sayan Turkic, have Yeniseian The Yeniseian languages (sometimes known as Yeniseic or Yenisei-Ostyak;" Ostyak" is a concept of areal rather than genetic linguistics. In addition to the Yeniseian languages it also includes the Uralic languages Khanty and Selkup. occasionall ... loanwords.Vovin, Alexander. 2017.Some Tofalar Etymologies" In ''Essays in the history of languages and linguistics: dedicated to Marek Stachowski on the occasion of his 60th birthday.'' Krakow: Księgarnia Akademicka. References Agglutinative languages {{Turkic-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fuyu Kyrgyz Language
Fuyu may refer to: * Fuyu Kyrgyz language, the easternmost Turkic language * Koguryoic languages, also called the Buyeo languages, a group of Koreanic languages spoken in Korea and Manchuria mentioned in ancient Chinese sources * Buyeo, an ancient kingdom in Manchuria, also rendered as Fuyu based on Hanyu Pinyin romanization China *Fuyu, Jilin (扶余), city in Jilin *Fuyu County, Heilongjiang (富裕县) ** Fuyu Town (富裕镇), seat of Fuyu County *Xueting Fuyu (雪庭福裕), a Shaolin Temple abbot of the 13th century * Mount Fuyu, a former name of Bozhong Mountain in Shaanxi, the source of the Han River * Fuyu–Nenjiang railway single-track railroad in northeastern China ;People * Li Fuyu (李富玉), Chinese road bicycle racer * Yang Fuyu Chinese biochemist, biophysicist, and writer * Wang Fuyu (王富玉), Chinese politician Japan *Fuyu persimmon, a type of Japanese persimmon or ''Diospyros kaki'' * Iha Fuyu (伊波普猷), a Japanese scholar who had a profound impact on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evenki Language
Evenki (Ewenkī), formerly known as Tungus or Solon, is the largest member of the northern group of Tungusic languages, a group which also includes Even, Negidal, and the more closely related Oroqen language. The name is sometimes wrongly given as "Evenks". It is spoken by Evenks or Ewenkī(s) in Russia and China. In certain areas the influences of the Yakut and the Buryat languages are particularly strong. The influence of Russian in general is overwhelming (in 1979, 75.2% of the Evenkis spoke Russian, rising to 92.7% in 2002). Evenki children were forced to learn Russian at Soviet residential schools, and returned with a “poor ability to speak their mother tongue...". The Evenki language varies considerably among its dialects, which are divided into three large groups: the northern, the southern and the eastern dialects. These are further divided into minor dialects. A written language was created for Evenkis in the Soviet Union in 1931, first using a Latin alphabet, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ersu Language
The Ersu language proper ( ''Ěrsū'') is a Sino-Tibetan ( Trans-Himalayan language) spoken in western Sichuan, China. It is the most widely spoken of the three Ersu languages. There are 13,000 speakers according to Sun (1982). Varieties Yu (2012) lists three varieties of Ersu, all of which are spoken in southern Sichuan. *Zeluo Ersu: Sun (1982, 1991) documents Ersu of Zela Township 则拉乡 (or Zeluo 则洛), Yutian District 玉田区, Ganluo County 甘洛县, Sichuan (Sun 1991:231). *Qingshui Ersu: The Qingshui dialect of Ersu documented by Liu (1983) is spoken in Qingshui Village 清水村, Liaoping Township 廖坪乡, Ganluo County 甘洛县, Sichuan. *Hanyuan Ersu (extinct): Ersu of Hanyuan County, Sichuan, which is now extinct, was documented in Baber (1882).Baber, E. Colborne. 1882. ''Travels and researches in the interior of China'', volume 1, pt. 1 of ''Royal Geographical Society of London, Supplementary Papers''. London: J. Murray. Classification In older literature ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dagur Language
The Dagur, Daghur, Dahur, or Daur language, is a Mongolic language, as well as a distinct branch of the Mongolic language family, and is primarily spoken by members of the Dagur ethnic group. Distribution Dagur is a Mongolic language consisting of four dialects: *Amur Dagur in the vicinity of Heihe (original homeland). About 400 people. *Nonni Dagur on the west side of the Nonni River from south of Qiqihar up to Morin Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner. Speakers of Nonni Dagur are usually grouped into the following 4 dialects: **Morin Daba Dagur, in Morin Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner (Moli Daba) of Hulun Buir League, Inner Mongolia **Butha (Buteha) (Northern) Dagur, immediately south of Morin Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner **Tsitsikar (Southern) Dagur, in Tsitsikar (Qiqihar) City and surrounding areas **Mergen Dagur or Nenjiang Dagur, in Nenjiang County (formerly Mergen County) of Heilongjiang Province *Hailar Dagur to the south-east of Hailar in Ewenki Autonomous Banner *Sinkiang Dagur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cosung Language
Kucong (Khucong, Cosung), or Lahlu, is a Loloish language of Yunnan, China and Vietnam, primarily spoken by the Kucong people. In Vietnam, the speakers' autonym is ', and are also known as the ''La Hủ Na'' 'Black Lahu'. The language is very closely related to Lahu. Distribution Kucong is spoken in China and Vietnam. Vietnam Kucong, or Black Lahu, is spoken in the following villages of Ca Lăng Commune, Mường Tè District, Lai Châu Province, Vietnam. *Nậm Phìn *Nậm Khao *Nậm Cấu *Phìn Hồ *Nậm Xả The Kucong, or Black Lahu, live adjacently to the La Hủ Sủ (Yellow Lahu) and La Hủ Phung (White Lahu). The Yellow Lahu are distributed in the following locations. *Pa Vệ Sủ Commune *Pa Ủ Commune *Ca Lăng Commune (in Là Pé, Nhu Tè, and Hóm Bô) The White Lahu live in the following locations, often together with the Yellow Lahu. *Pa Ủ Commune (in Xà Hồ, Ử Ma, Pha Bu, Pa Ử, and Khồ Ma) *Ca Lăng Commune (in Hà Xe) The Kucong and rel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choyi Language
Queyu (Choyo, Choyu) is a poorly attested Qiangic language of Yajiang County and Xinlong County, Sichuan, as well as Tibet. It is similar with and shares a name with Zhaba, but the two languages are distinct from each other. Dialects The four dialects of Choyo are those of:Suzuki, Hiroyuki and Sonam Wangmo. 2016. “Lhagang Choyu: A first look at its sociolinguistic status”''Studies in Asian Geolinguistics II: Rice'' pp.60–69. *Youlaxi Township 尤拉西乡, Xinlong County (Wang 1991; Huang ed. 1992) (which also has Western Horpa speakersSun, Jackson T.-S. 2018. The Ancestry of Horpa: Further Morphological Evidence'. Taipei: Academia Sinica.) *Rongba Township 绒坝乡, Litang County (Nishida 2008) *Tuanjie Township 团结乡, Yajiang County (Lu 1985; Sun ed. 1991) *Xiala Township 呷拉乡, Yajiang County (Prins & Nagano 2013) (which also has Dao speakers) Suzuki & Wangmo (2016) consider the Lhagang Choyu language to be similar to but not part of Choyu proper, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chintaw Language
The Achang language (Achang: ''Ngachang''; , ) is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by the Achang (also known as Maingtha and Ngochang) in Yunnan, China, and northern Myanmar. Distribution Achang is spoken in the following locations: * Longchuan County, Dehong Prefecture ** Husa * Lianghe County, Dehong Prefecture ** Zhedao ** Xiangsong ** Dachang * Luxi City, Dehong Prefecture ** Jiangdong * Longling County, Baoshan The Xiandao dialect (100 speakers; autonym: ''Chintaw'' //) is spoken in the following two locations in Yingjiang County, Dehong Prefecture The Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture is located in western Yunnan province, People's Republic of China, and is one of the eight autonomous prefectures of the province, bordering Baoshan to the east and Burma's Kachin State to the west. ... (''Xiandaoyu Yanjiu''). * Xiandaozhai , Mangmian Village , Jiemao Township * Meng'ezhai , Mangxian Village , Jiemao Township Phonology Consonants Vowels Synt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chesu Language
Chesu 车苏 is a Loloish language spoken in southern Shuangbai County, northern Xinping County, and Eshan County in Yunnan, China. The Chesu refer to themselves as ' or ' (Jishupo 吉输颇).Long Luogui 龙倮贵. 2007. ''Honghe yizu zuyuan zucheng ji qi renkou fenbu'红河彝族族源族称及其人口分布. Yunnan (1955) reports that Chesu is spoken mostly in Taihe Township 太和乡, with a population of over 360 as of 1955. (1955), p.40 '' Ethnologue
''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (stylized as ''Ethnoloɠue'') is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensi ...
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Buyang Language
Buyang () is a Kra language spoken in Guangnan and Funing counties, Yunnan Province, China by the Buyang people. It is important to the reconstruction of the hypothetical macrofamily Austro-Tai as it retains the disyllabic roots characteristic of Austronesian languages. Examples are "to die", "eye", "head", and "eight". (See Austro-Tai for proposed connections.) The Buyang language was only discovered in 1990 by Chinese linguist Liang Min. In 1999, a doctoral dissertation and book was published for Buyang. The book has also recently been translated into English. Many speakers of Buyang are also fluent in Zhuang. Subdivisions The Buyang (布央) dialect cluster is spoken by a total of around 2,000 people living mostly in the Gula (谷拉) River valley of southeastern Yunnan Province, China. It is spoken in at least eight villages in Gula Township 谷拉乡, Funing County 富宁县, Wenshan Zhuang–Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China. Buyang is divided into the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
