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Lê Nhân Tông
Lê Nhân Tông (黎仁宗, 28 May 1441 – 25 October 1459), birth name Lê Bang Cơ (黎邦基) was the third emperor of the Later Lê dynasty from 1453 until his murder in a coup in 1459. He was a grandson of the emperor Lê Lợi. During nearly all of his reign, the real power behind the throne was his mother, Empress Dowager Tuyên Từ, a royal consort of Lê Thái Tông. Biography With the sudden death of Lê Thái Tông, his heir was an infant son named Bang Co, mothered by Royal Consort Nguyen Thi Anh. He was the third son of his father, but the elder son ( Le Nghi Dân) had been officially passed over due to his mother's low social status. The government was actually under the control of Trinh Kha. Trịnh Khả was a long-time aide, friend, and counselor of Lê Lợi. By 1442, he was the first among the surviving top aides of Lê Lợi, the others had been killed or were second rank. Despite the dangers of having an infant on the throne, the government seems to ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Vietnamese Monarchs
This article lists the monarchs of Vietnam. Under the emperor at home, king abroad system used by later dynasties, Vietnamese monarchs would use the title of ''emperor'' (皇帝, Hoàng đế; or other equivalents) domestically, and the more common term ''king'' (王, vương), ''sovereign'' (𪼀, vua), or ''his Majesty'' (陛下, Bệ hạ). Overview Some Vietnamese monarchs declared themselves kings (''vương'') or emperors (''hoàng đế''). Imperial titles were used for both domestic and foreign affairs, except for diplomatic missions to China where Vietnamese monarchs were regarded as kingship or prince. Many of the Later Lê monarchs were figurehead rulers, with the real powers resting on feudal lords and princes who were technically their servants. Most Vietnamese monarchs are known through their posthumous names or temple names, while the Nguyễn dynasty, the last reigning house is known through their era names. Titles Vietnamese titles Vietnamese monarchs used and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhengtong Emperor
Emperor Yingzong of Ming (; 29 November 1427 – 23 February 1464), personal name Zhu Qizhen (), was the sixth and eighth Emperor of the Ming dynasty. He ascended the throne as the Zhengtong Emperor () in 1435, but was forced to abdicate in 1449, in favour of his younger brother the Jingtai Emperor, after being captured by the Northern Yuan dynasty during the Tumu Crisis. In 1457, he deposed the Jingtai Emperor and ruled again as the Tianshun Emperor () until his death in 1464. First reign Zhu Qizhen was the son of the Xuande Emperor and his second wife Empress Sun. At the beginning of the Zhengtong reign, the Ming dynasty was prosperous and at the height of its power as a result of the Xuande Emperor's able administration. The Zhengtong Emperor's accession at the age of eight made him the first child emperor of the dynasty – hence the Zhengtong Emperor was easily influenced by others, especially the eunuch Wang Zhen. At first, Wang Zhen was kept under control by his fath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
15th-century Vietnamese Monarchs
The 15th century was the century which spans the Julian dates from 1 January 1401 ( MCDI) to 31 December 1500 ( MD). In Europe, the 15th century includes parts of the Late Middle Ages, the Early Renaissance, and the early modern period. Many technological, social and cultural developments of the 15th century can in retrospect be seen as heralding the "European miracle" of the following centuries. The architectural perspective, and the modern fields which are known today as banking and accounting were founded in Italy. The Hundred Years' War ended with a decisive French victory over the English in the Battle of Castillon. Financial troubles in England following the conflict resulted in the Wars of the Roses, a series of dynastic wars for the throne of England. The conflicts ended with the defeat of Richard III by Henry VII at the Battle of Bosworth Field, establishing the Tudor dynasty in the later part of the century. Constantinople, known as the capital of the wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Child Rulers From Asia
A child ( : children) is a human being between the stages of birth and puberty, or between the developmental period of infancy and puberty. The legal definition of ''child'' generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority. Children generally have fewer rights and responsibilities than adults. They are classed as unable to make serious decisions. ''Child'' may also describe a relationship with a parent (such as sons and daughters of any age) or, metaphorically, an authority figure, or signify group membership in a clan, tribe, or religion; it can also signify being strongly affected by a specific time, place, or circumstance, as in "a child of nature" or "a child of the Sixties." Biological, legal and social definitions In the biological sciences, a child is usually defined as a person between birth and puberty, or between the developmental period of infancy and puberty. Legally, the term ''child'' may refer to anyone below the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murdered Royalty
Murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human with malice aforethought. ("The killing of another person without justification or excuse, especially the crime of killing a person with malice aforethought or with recklessness manifesting extreme indifference to the value of human life.") This state of mind may, depending upon the jurisdiction, distinguish murder from other forms of unlawful homicide, such as manslaughter. Manslaughter is killing committed in the absence of ''malice'',This is "malice" in a technical legal sense, not the more usual English sense denoting an emotional state. See malice (law). brought about by reasonable provocation, or diminished capacity. ''Involuntary'' manslaughter, where it is recognized, is a killing that lacks all but the most attenuated guilty intent, recklessness. Most societies consider murder to be an extremely serious crime, and thus that a pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lê Dynasty Emperors
Le is a romanization of several rare East Asian surnames and a common Vietnamese surname. It is a fairly common surname in the United States, ranked 975th during the 1990 US Census, 1990 census and 368th during the 2000 US Census, 2000 census. In 2000, it was the eighth-most-common surname among America's Asian and Pacific Islander population, predominantly from its Vietnamese use. It was also reported among the top 200 surnames in Ontario, Canada, based on a survey of that province's Registered Persons Database of Canadian health card recipients as of the year 2000. Origins of surname Vietnamese * Lê is a Vietnamese surname written in Chữ Nôm, Hán-Nôm. It is pronounced in the Hanoi dialect and in the Saigon dialect. It is usually pronounced in English, with it being mistaken for another surname, with similar spelling, Lý (Vietnamese surname), Lý. Chinese Mandarin * Le is the Pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname (written :zh:乐姓, 乐 in Simplified Chinese ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1459 Deaths
Year 1459 ( MCDLIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 18 – The Order of Our Lady of Bethlehem is founded by Pope Pius II, to defend the island of Lemnos. * September 23 – Wars of the Roses: Battle of Blore Heath in England – Yorkists under Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, defeat a Lancastrian force. * October 12 – Wars of the Roses: With a royal force advancing on his fortress at Ludlow, Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, flees to Ireland, while his ally Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick (Warwick the Kingmaker, eldest son of the Earl of Salisbury) goes to Calais. Date unknown * The Wallachian town of Bucharest is first mentioned. * The city of Jodhpur, in western India, is founded by Rao Jodha of Marwar. * Richard, Duke of York, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, returns on a second visit to Ireland.''The Oxford Illustrated History of Ire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1441 Births
Events January–December * February – The Republic of Venice annexes the seigniory of Ravenna, ending the da Polenta Dynasty. * February 12 – King's College, Cambridge, is founded by King Henry VI of England. * March 1 – Battle of Samobor: The army of Ulrich II, Count of Celje, defeats the army of Stjepan Banić at Samobor, Croatia in union with Hungary. * November 10 – Alfonso V of Aragon lays siege to Naples. * November 20 – The Peace of Cremona (1441) ends the war between the Republic of Venice and the Duchy of Milan. Date unknown * Ouagadougou becomes the capital of the Mossi Kingdoms. * Two subjects of the Ethiopian Empire attend a Christian ecclesiastical council at Florence as part of negotiations concerning a possible union of Coptic Orthodoxy and the Latin Church. This is the earliest recorded contact of the Ethiopian branch of the Coptic Church with Europe. * A revolt occurs in the Mayan nation of Mayapan; the Maya civilization splits into warrin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Vietnamese Dynasties
Prior to the abdication of Bảo Đại on 30 August 1945 in the aftermath of the August Revolution, Vietnam was ruled by a series of dynasties of either local or Chinese origin. The following is a list of major dynasties in the history of Vietnam. Background Naming convention In Vietnamese historiography, dynasties are generally known to historians by the family name of the monarchs. For example, the Đinh dynasty (; ) is known as such because the ruling clan bore the family name (). Similar to Chinese dynasties, Vietnamese dynasties would adopt a (; "name of the state") upon the establishment of the realm. However, as it was common for several dynasties to share the same official name, referring to regimes by their official name in historiography would be potentially confusing. For instance, the "" () was used by the Lý dynasty (since the reign of Lý Thánh Tông), the Trần dynasty, the Later Trần dynasty, the Later Lê dynasty, the Mạc dynasty, and the Tây Sơn d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lê Thánh Tông
Lê Thánh Tông (黎聖宗; 25 August 1442 – 3 March 1497), personal name Lê Hạo, temple name Thánh Tông, courtesy name Tư Thành, was an emperor of Đại Việt, reigning from 1460 to 1497, the fifth and the longest-reigning emperor of the Later Lê dynasty, and is widely praised as one of the greatest emperors in Vietnamese history. He came to power through a coup d'état against his second brother Lê Nghi Dân in 1460. His reign is recognized for the extensive administrative, military, education, and fiscal reforms he instituted, and a cultural revolution that replaced the old traditional aristocracy with a generation of literati scholars. His era was eulogized as the Prospered reign of Hồng Đức (''Hồng Đức Thịnh trị;'' 洪德盛治). Name Lê Thánh Tông is known by several names, including his birth name Lê Hạo (黎灝), his courtesy name Tư Thành (思誠), pseudonym Đạo Am chủ nhân (道庵主人), rhymed name Tao Đàn nguyên s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trịnh Khả
Trịnh Khả ( vi-hantu, 鄭可, 1402 – 1451) close advisor to emperor Lê Thái Tổ, chief ruler of Vietnam during the 1440s, and founder of the powerful Trịnh family. Đại Việt Thông Sử Page 5 Lê Quý Đôn reprint 1978 "Hoàng đế được biết Trịnh Khả và Lê Lôi đã từng đi đón tiếp con voi tự nước Ai Lao về, tất nhiên am hiểu tiếng nói và văn tự nước Ai Lao, bèn sai hai Tướng này mang tờ thông điệp sang bảo Quốc Vương nước Ai Lao rằng: "Quốc gia tôi .." __TOC__ Biography Trịnh Khả, like most of Lê Lợi's chief aids and generals, was from Thanh Hóa Province which is where Lê Lợi was born. During the decade-long Lam Sơn uprising against the Ming dynasty, Trịnh Khả served as an advisor to Lê Lợi. With victory, Trịnh Khả was elevated to a high position in the new court of Emperor Lê Lợi. Trịnh Khả (and the other councilors) were given the privilege of wearing red silk and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vijaya (Champa)
Vijaya (meaning ''Victorious''; Chinese: 尸唎皮奈, pinyin: ''Shīlì Pínài''; Vietnamese: ''Thị Lợi Bi Nai''; Chinese alt: 新州, pinyin: Xīnzhōu, lit. 'New Province'; Vietnamese alts: ''Đồ Bàn'' or ''Chà Bàn''), also known as Vijayapura, is an ancient city in Bình Định province, Vietnam. From the 12th century, it served as the capital of the Kingdom of Champa until it was conquered by Dai Viet during the Champa–Dai Viet War of 1471. Geography, economy, transport Vijaya was centred on the lowland area along lower Côn River, in what is now the south of Bình Định Province. To the east of the plain and near the estuary of the river is a strategic and well-protected location for a port. This led to the rise of Cảng Thị Nại, one of the major ports of Champa. The river leading up into the highlands to the west was important for the trade with highland peoples supplying Champa with luxury goods such as eaglewood for export. Vijaya's geography wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
