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Hevea
''Hevea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, with about ten members. It is also one of many names used commercially for the wood of the most economically important rubber tree, '' H. brasiliensis''. The genus is native to tropical South America but is widely cultivated in other tropical countries and naturalized in several of them. It was first described in 1775. Characteristics French botanist and explorer Jean Baptiste Christophore Fusée Aublet first described ''Hevea'' as a genus in 1775. ''H. brasiliensis'' and ''H. guianensis'' are large trees, often reaching more than in height. Most of the other members of the genus are small to medium trees, and ''H. camporum'' is a shrub of around . Trees in this genus are either deciduous or evergreen. Certain species, namely ''H. benthamiana'', ''H. brasiliensis'' and ''H. microphylla'', bear "winter shoots", stubby side shoots with short internodes, scale leaves on the stem and larger leaves near ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hevea Brasiliensis
''Hevea brasiliensis'', the Pará rubber tree, ''sharinga'' tree, seringueira, or most commonly, rubber tree or rubber plant, is a flowering plant belonging to the spurge family Euphorbiaceae originally native to the Amazon basin, but is now pantropical in distribution due to introductions. It is the most economically important member of the genus ''Hevea'' because the milky latex extracted from the tree is the primary source of natural rubber. Description ''H. brasiliensis'' is a tall deciduous tree growing to a height of up to in the wild, but cultivated trees are usually much smaller because drawing off the latex restricts the growth of the tree. The trunk is cylindrical and may have a swollen, bottle-shaped base. The bark is some shade of brown, and the inner bark oozes latex when damaged. The leaves have three leaflets and are spirally arranged. The inflorescence include separate male and female flowers. The flowers are pungent, creamy-yellow and have no petals. The fru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubber
Rubber, also called India rubber, latex, Amazonian rubber, ''caucho'', or ''caoutchouc'', as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds. Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia are three of the leading rubber producers. Types of polyisoprene that are used as natural rubbers are classified as elastomers. Currently, rubber is harvested mainly in the form of the latex from the rubber tree (''Hevea brasiliensis'') or others. The latex is a sticky, milky and white colloid drawn off by making incisions in the bark and collecting the fluid in vessels in a process called "tapping". The latex then is refined into the rubber that is ready for commercial processing. In major areas, latex is allowed to coagulate in the collection cup. The coagulated lumps are collected and processed into dry forms for sale. Natural rubber is used extensively in many applications and products, either alone or in combination ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hevea Benthamiana
''Hevea benthamiana'' is a species of rubber tree in the genus ''Hevea'', belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. A medium-sized deciduous tree growing to a height of about , it is native to the rainforests of northern Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela. Description ''H. benthamiana'' is a medium-sized deciduous tree growing to around , often with a narrow crown and a swollen, bottle-like trunk; these features seem to be a response to periodic flooding because they do not occur in cultivated trees. This tree is deciduous, shedding its old foliage before stubby "winter shoots" develop. This may be a response to the fungal leaf diseases that readily occur in the constantly humid environment. The leaves have three elliptical leaflets which have a golden-brown pubescence on the underside. The inflorescences have separate male and female flowers, the male flowers having seven to nine stamens in two irregular whorls. The seeds are rounded. Habitat The species is native to northern Brazil, C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hevea Pauciflora
''Hevea pauciflora'' is a species of rubber tree in the genus ''Hevea ''Hevea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, with about ten members. It is also one of many names used commercially for the wood of the most economically important rubber tree, '' H. brasiliensis''. The genus ...'', belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of Venezuela, the Guyanas, northern Brazil, Colombia and Peru. It grows on slopes and high river banks where it is not seasonally inundated. ''H. pauciflora'' is a small evergreen tree growing to a height of about . The specific epithet ''pauciflora'' is Latin for 'few-flowered'.D. Gledhill It is sometimes tapped for rubber production but the latex is low in quality, being mixed with much resin. This tree has been used in breeding programmes, for example in Malaysia, to increase the disease resistance and improve the growth qualities of '' Hevea brasiliensis''. References {{Taxo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hevea Microphylla
''Hevea microphylla'' is a species of rubber tree in the genus ''Hevea'', belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the Amazon basin where it occurs in Venezuela, Colombia and northern Brazil. It was first described in 1905 by the German botanist Ernst Heinrich Georg Ule. It is the only member of the genus to be included in the subgenus ''Microphyllae''. Description ''H. microphylla'' is a small tree up to tall, with a small, sparse crown and a slender trunk with a swollen, bottle-like base. It bears "winter shoots", stubby side shoots with short internodes, scale leaves on the stem and larger leaves near the tip. These poorly-developed shoots are short-lived, the foliage being shed before new shoots develop; this species shares this feature with '' H. benthamiana'' and '' H. brasiliensis'', the remaining trees in the genus being evergreen. The leaves have three leaflets which are bent back in the bud and are later held in a horizontal or deflexed position. The in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hevea Guianensis
''Hevea guianensis'' is a species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ... of rubber tree in the genus '' Hevea'', belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of Ecuador, Venezuela, the Guyanas, Brazil, Colombia and Peru. It generally grows on well-drained soils or on those that are only lightly inundated, on river banks, in gallery forests, savannah forests and wooded slopes. Description ''H. guianensis'' is a large evergreen tree growing to a height of . Annual growth is in the form of vigorous short shoots on which flowers and foliage develop before the old leaves are shed. The leaves are tri-foliate (with three leaflets), the leaflets being folded back when the leaf emerges but becoming semi-erect as the leaf matures, the only species in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hevea Spruceana
''Hevea spruceana'' is a species of rubber tree in the genus ''Hevea'', belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of northern Brazil and Guyana. It is named in honour of the English botanist Richard Spruce who spent the years 1849 to 1864 exploring the Amazon basin and sending botanical specimens back to Europe. Description ''H. spruceana'' is a medium-sized, evergreen tree that sometimes develops a markedly swollen trunk, seemingly a response to periodical flooding. The leaves have three elliptical leaflets. The inflorescence is a panicle with separate male and female flowers; in contrast to other members of the genus, the flowers of ''H. spruceana'' are purplish in colour. The usually three seeds are contained in a capsule with woody valves, but this does not break open explosively to expel the seeds as happens with other members of the genus. Distribution and habitat ''H. spruceana'' is found in the Amazon basin, in a strip bordering the Amazon Ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hevea Camporum
''Hevea camporum'' is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Hevea'', the rubber trees, belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the Amazon basin where it occurs in Amazonas State in northwestern Brazil. Its habitat is dry savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland- grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close. The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground ...h. In form it is a shrub, rarely taller than in the wild, though it can grow taller in cultivation. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q15391191 Trees of the Amazon Trees of Brazil Crotonoideae Taxa named by Adolpho Ducke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hevea Nitida
''Hevea nitida'' is a species of rubber tree in the genus ''Hevea'', belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is a medium-sized evergreen tree up to tall. It is native to the rainforests of northern Brazil and Colombia. Description ''H. nitida'' is a medium-sized, evergreen tree growing to with a slender trunk and branching crown. The exception to this is the variety ''toxicodendroides'', which is a shrubby form only growing to about tall. The leaves have three, drooping, elliptical leaflets, that are folded upwards at the midrib; both upper and lower surfaces are glossy bright green. Male and female flowers are separate and borne in mixed panicles. The calyx lobes have blunt tips and the disks of both male and female flowers are markedly broad, and in the female flowers, lacerated. The fruit capsules are green with reddish tips and usually contain three large, rounded seeds. Distribution and habitat ''H. nitida'' is found in northern Brazil and Colombia. It mostly occurs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hevea Rigidifolia
''Hevea rigidifolia'' is a species of rubber tree in the genus ''Hevea'', belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of northern Brazil and Colombia, where it is endemic to localities near the upper Rio Negro, a north bank tributary of the Amazon River, and its tributary, the Vaupés River. Description ''H. rigidifolia'' is a small tree reaching about in height. Annual growth is in the form of vigorous spur shoots with short internodes, scale-like leaves on the lower portions and normal foliage on the upper portions. The leaves, which are bent back when they first emerge, are trifoliate and markedly different to those of other members of the genus, being smooth and glossy, thick, stiff and leathery in texture, with inrolled margins on the underside. The tree is evergreen, because the shoots and leaves grow before the old foliage is shed. The inflorescence is borne in the axil of a scale leaf. Separate male and female flowers are present, the flowers b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hevea Camargoana
''Hevea camargoana'' is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Hevea'', the rubber trees, belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the island of Marajó in the Amazon delta in northeastern Brazil where it was discovered in 1975. It is a small tree and Its typical habitat is dry savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland- grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close. The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground ...h and woodland bordering seasonally inundated swamps. In the wild, this species grows to a height of , but in cultivation it can reach twice this height. Distinguishing features include leaves with pale green undersides, whitish flowers with red bases, toothed basal disks, and single whorls of three to five stamens in the male flowers. The fruits contain three large, rounded seeds. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q30066081 Trees of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of a genus in the family. Most spurges, such as '' Euphorbia paralias'', are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as ''Hevea brasiliensis''. Some, such as ''Euphorbia canariensis'', are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics, however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica. Description The leaves are alternate, seldom opposite, with stipules. They are mainly simple, but where compound, are always palmate, never pinnate. Stipules may be reduced to hairs, glands, or spines, or in succulent species are sometimes absent. The plants can be monoecious or dioecious. The radially symmetrical flowers are unisexual, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
