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Francophonie
Francophonie is the quality of speaking French. The term designates the ensemble of people, organisations and governments that share the use of French on a daily basis and as administrative language, teaching language or chosen language. The term was coined by Onésime Reclus in 1880 and became important as part of the conceptual rethinking of cultures and geography in the late 20th century. Denominations Francophonie, francophonie and francophone space are syntagmatic. This expression is relevant to countries which speak French as their national language, may it be as a mother language or a secondary language. These expressions are sometimes misunderstood or misused by English speakers. They can be synonymous but most of the time they are complementary. * "francophonie", with a small "f", refers to populations and people who speak French for communication or/and in their daily lives. * "Francophonie", with a capital "F", can be defined as referring to the governments, gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organisation Internationale De La Francophonie
The (OIF; sometimes shortened to the Francophonie, french: La Francophonie , but also called International Organisation of in English-language context) is an international organization representing countries and regions where French is a lingua franca or customary language, where a significant proportion of the population are francophones (French speakers), or where there is a notable affiliation with French culture. The organization comprises 88 member states and governments; of these, 54 states and governments are full members, 7 are associate members and 27 are observers. The term (with a lowercase "f"), or ''francosphere'' (often capitalized in English), also refers to the global community of French-speaking peoples, comprising a network of private and public organizations promoting equal ties among countries where French people or France played a significant historical role, culturally, militarily, or politically. The modern organisation was created in 1970. Its mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French-speaking Countries And Territories
French ( or ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the Latin spoken in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien) largely supplanted. French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the ( Germanic) Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to France's past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French. French is an official language in 29 countries across multiple continents, most of which are members of the ''Organisation internationale de la Francophonie'' (O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Language
French ( or ) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the Latin spoken in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien) largely supplanted. French was also substratum, influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the (Germanic languages, Germanic) Frankish language of the post-Roman Franks, Frankish invaders. Today, owing to France's French colonial empire, past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole language, Haitian Creole. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French. French is an official language in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agence Universitaire De La Francophonie
The ''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie'' (AUF; en, Association of Francophone Universities) is a global network of French-speaking higher-education and research institutions. Founded in Montreal, Quebec, Canada in 1961, as the ''Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française'' (AUPELF),''Agence universitaire de la Francophonie, History'' the AUF is a multilateral institution supporting co-operation and solidarity among French-speaking universities and institutions. It operates in French-speaking and non-speaking countries of Africa, the , |
African French
African French (french: français africain) is the generic name of the varieties of the French language spoken by an estimated 141 million people in Africa in 2018, spread across 34 countries and territories.29 full members of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF): Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, DR Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Togo, and Tunisia. One associate member of the OIF: Ghana.One observer of the OIF: Mozambique.One country not member or observer of the OIF: Algeria.Two French territories in Africa: Réunion and Mayotte. This includes those who speak French as a first or second language in these 34 African countries and territories (dark and light blue on the map), but it does not include Fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Language In Vietnam
French was the official language of Vietnam under French colonial rule during the 19th and early 20th centuries. After 1954, French fell into disuse in North Vietnam, and maintained a high status in South Vietnam. Since the Fall of Saigon in 1975, French has declined in modern Vietnam: in 2018, under 1% of the population was fluent in French. Vietnam is the largest Francophone country in Asia and is a member of the ''Organisation internationale de la Francophonie'' (OIF). Today, the Vietnamese government in cooperation with the French government initiates plans to promote and increase French-language education in the country's schooling system, acknowledging the cultural and historic values of French language.Appui et val ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Language In Laos
French is spoken by a significant minority in Laos. Laos has the second largest Francophone community in Southeast Asia after Vietnam, with Cambodia coming in third. French is used as a diplomatic and commercial language and is also studied by over a third of students in Laos. Consequently, French enjoys a healthier status in Laos than in Vietnam and Cambodia, although it is still under threat from the encroaching use of English. History The French language was introduced to Laos in the 19th century when French explorers arrived in Laos trying to make inroads into China after colonizing Vietnam. The French did not pay much attention to the kingdom of Lan Xang but established a consulate in present-day Luang Prabang. The actual catalysts for the establishment of colonial protectorate over Lao cultural regions were French fears of economic and political competition from Britain. By the 1890s, border disputes with Siam and France led to the Franco-Siamese War and the borders of Lao ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Language In Cambodia
Cambodia is the smallest of the three Francophone communities in Southeast Asia, the others being found in Vietnam and Laos. Out of all Asian Francophone nations, Cambodia is where French has declined the most. In 2014, French was spoken by people as a foreign language, which is 3% of the country's population and by only 873 people as a mother tongue according to the country's 2008 census. History The French language began its presence in Cambodia in the late 19th century after French explorers and merchants made their way from Vietnam into Cambodia. In 1863, Cambodia became a protectorate of France and was incorporated into French Indochina in 1887. The French did not exert much influence on Cambodia as they did in Vietnam and Khmer still remained widely taught and spoken in Cambodia as French was only limited to politicians. It was not until the 1890s that French began to be introduced in Cambodian education, but that was only limited to elite classes and it was only until ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Language In Minnesota
The French language has been spoken in modern-day Minnesota since the 17th century, being the first European language to be brought to the area. History The history of the French language in Minnesota is closely linked with that of Canadian settlers, such as explorer Louis Hennepin and trapper Pierre Parrant, who contributed very early on to its use in the area. As early as the mid-17th century, evidence shows the presence of French expeditions, settlements and villages in the region, in particular thanks to Frenchmen Pierre-Esprit Radisson and Médard des Groseilliers, who likely reached Minnesota in 1654 after exploring Wisconsin.2004 : ''Minnesota French Facts'' ) A few years later, explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, Cavelier de la Salle charted the Mississippi, ending his voyage in the neighboring state of North Dakota. He gave this region the nickname of "''L'étoile du Nord''" (Star of the North), which eventually became the motto of the State of Minn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Influence Of French On English
The influence of French on English pertains mainly to its lexicon but also to its syntax, grammar, orthography, and pronunciation. Most of the French vocabulary in English entered the language after the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, when Old French, specifically the Old Norman dialect, became the language of the new Anglo-Norman court, the government, and the elites. That period lasted for several centuries until the aftermath of the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453). However, English has continued to be influenced by French. According to Laura K. Lawless, more than a third of current English vocabulary is of French origin. And according to the linguist Henriette Walter, words of French origin represent more than two-thirds of the English vocabulary. Background Before 1066 In the early 11th century, Old English was not a single unified language but a dialect continuum that stretched from the southern English coast to the Forth estuary. However, a literary standard had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onésime Reclus
Onésime Reclus (22 September 1837 – 30 June 1916) was a French geographer who specialized in the relations between France and its colonies. In 1880 he coined the term " Francophonie" as a means of classification of peoples of the world, being determined by the language they all spoke. While this term did not appear in dictionaries until 1930, it has become more important since the late 20th century as part of conceptual rethinking of cultures and geography. Early life and education Onésime was born as the middle of five sons of Jacques Reclus (1796–1882), a Protestant minister, and his wife. His brothers also became notable in their fields. His family had moved to Orthez from Sainte-Foy-la-Grande, where at least one of his brothers was born. His next older and younger brothers both became geographers: * Élie Reclus (1827–1904), journalist and political activist * Élisée Reclus (1830–1905), award-winning geographer and anarchist * (1843–1927), geographer and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American French
American French (french: le français d'Amérique, link=no) is a collective term used for the varieties of the French language that are spoken in North America, which include: * Canadian French ** Quebec French *** Joual **Ontario French **Métis French **Acadian French ***Chiac ***St. Marys Bay French **Brayon **Newfoundland French *in the United States: ** Frenchville French **Louisiana French **Missouri French ** Muskrat French ** New England French (a variety of Canadian French spoken in New England) * Haitian French * Saint-Barthélemy French See also * Americans in France * Francophonie *French-based creole languages **French Guianese Creole ** Haitian Creole ** Karipúna French Creole **Louisiana Creole **Michif * French America *French Americans *French language in Canada *French language in the United States ** French language in Minnesota *Varieties of French Varieties of the French language are spoken in France and around the world. The Francophones of France ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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