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First Anglo-Sikh War
The First Anglo-Sikh War was fought between the Sikh Empire and the British East India Company in 1845 and 1846 around the Firozpur district of Punjab. It resulted in the defeat and partial subjugation of the Sikh empire and cession of Jammu and Kashmir (princely state), Jammu & Kashmir as a separate princely state under British Paramountcy, British suzerainty. Background and causes of the war The Sikh kingdom of Punjab was expanded and consolidated by Maharajah Ranjit Singh during the early years of the nineteenth century, about the same time as the British-controlled territories were advanced by conquest or annexation to the borders of the Punjab. When shown the map of India, Maharaja Ranjit Singh said, "What does the red colour stand for?" The cartographer replied "Your Majesty, red marks the extent of British possessions." The Maharaja scanned the map with his single eye and saw nearly the whole of Hindustan except the Punjab painted red. He turned to his courtiers and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sobraon
Sobraon () is a village in Punjab, India. It is located west to Harike village in Tarn Taran district. The Sutlej river is to the south of this village. The village is located at 31°10'39N 74°51'10E with an altitude of 192 metres (633 feet). History It is famous for being the site of the Battle of Sobraon The Battle of Sobraon was fought on 10 February 1847, between the forces of the East India Company and the Sikh Khalsa Army, the army of the declining Sikh Empire of the Punjab region, Punjab. The Sikhs were completely defeated, making this the .... References Villages in Tarn Taran district Historic sites in India {{PunjabIN-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Henry Dick
Major-general (United Kingdom), Major-General Sir Robert Henry Dick Order of St. Vladimir, KOV (29 July 1787 – 10 February 1846) was a Scottish people, Scottish soldier, son of a medical doctor in the British East India Company, East India Company's service. Military career He entered the British Army in 1800 serving in the 75th Regiment. He was a lieutenant in the 42nd Regiment of Foot in 1804. He served as an officer in the 42nd Regiment of Foot serving in the Peninsular War. He fought at Battle of Buçaco, Buçaco, Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro, Fuentes de Oñoro, and Battle of Salamanca, Salamanca. He distinguished himself at Battle of Quatre Bras, Quatre Bras and Battle of Waterloo, Waterloo In 1814, he received the C.B., followed by the K.C.H. in 1832 and the K.C.B. in 1838. In 1837, he was promoted to be major general, and in 1841–1842 was acting Commander-in-Chief at Chennai, Madras. In 1846, he assumed command of the Third Infantry Division in the First Anglo-Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maharaja Ranjit Singh
Ranjit Singh (13 November 1780 – 27 June 1839) was the founder and first maharaja of the Sikh Empire, in the northwest Indian subcontinent, ruling from 1801 until his death in 1839. Born to Maha Singh, the leader of the Sukerchakia Misl, Sukerchakia Misl, Ranjit Singh survived smallpox in infancy but lost Monocular vision#In human species, sight in his left eye. At the age of ten years old, he fought his first battle alongside his father. After his father died around Ranjit's early teenage years, he became leader of the Misl. Ranjit was the most prominent of the Sikh leaders who opposed Zaman Shah Durrani, Zaman Shah, the ruler of Durrani Empire, during his third invasion. After Zaman Shah's retreat in 1799, he captured Lahore from the Sikh triumvirate which had been ruling it Sikh period in Lahore#Sikh triumvirate, since 1765. At the age of 21, he was formally crowned at Lahore. Before his rise, the Punjab had been fragmented into a number of warring Sikh (known as misl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjab Map (topographic) With Cities
Punjab (; ; also Romanization, romanised as Panjāb or Panj-Āb) is a geopolitical, Punjabi culture, cultural, and historical region in South Asia. It is located in the Northwestern South Asia, northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of modern-day eastern Pakistan and Northwest India, northwestern India. Pakistan's major cities in Punjab are Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Multan, Sialkot, and Bahawalpur, while India’s are Ludhiana, Amritsar, Chandigarh, Jalandhar, Patiala, Mohali, and Bathinda. Punjab grew out of the settlements along the five rivers, which served as an important route to the Near East as early as the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation, Indus Valley civilization, dating back to , followed by Indo-Aryan migration, migrations of the Indo-Aryan peoples. Agriculture has been the chief economic feature of the Punjab and formed the foundation of Punjabi culture. The Punjab emerged as an important agricultural region, especially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Paramountcy
A suzerain (, from Old French "above" + "supreme, chief") is a person, state (polity)">state or polity who has supremacy and dominant influence over the foreign policy and economic relations of another subordinate party or polity, but allows internal autonomy to that subordinate. Where the subordinate polity is called a vassal, vassal state or tributary state, the dominant party is called the suzerain. The rights and obligations of a vassal are called ''vassalage'', and the rights and obligations of a suzerain are called suzerainty. Suzerainty differs from sovereignty in that the dominant power does not exercise centralized governance over the vassals, allowing tributary states to be technically self-ruling but enjoy only limited independence. Although the situation has existed in a number of historical empires, it is considered difficult to reconcile with 20th- or 21st-century concepts of international law, in which sovereignty is a binary concept, which either exists or does ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Firozpur District
Firozpur district, also known as Ferozepur district, is one of the twenty-three districts in the state of Punjab, India. Firozpur district comprises an area of . Firozpur (Ferozepur) is the capital city of the district. It is situated inside ten gates—Amritsari Gate, Wansi Gate, Makhu Gate, Zira Gate, Bagdadi Gate, Mori Gate, Delhi Gate, Magjani Gate, Multani Gate, and Kasuri Gate. History Ferozepore district was annexed by the British from its former Sikh rulers after the First Anglo-Sikh War of 1845–1846. Demographics According to the 2011 Census the undivided Firozpur district had a population of 2,029,074. This gives it a ranking of 230th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 16.08%. Firozpur has a sex ratio of 893 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 69.8%. (This data is before the creation of Fazilka district.) After bifurcation of Fazilika district ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British East India Company
The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company that was founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to Indian Ocean trade, trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (South Asia and Southeast Asia), and later with East Asia. The company gained Company rule in India, control of large parts of the Indian subcontinent and British Hong Kong, Hong Kong. At its peak, the company was the largest corporation in the world by various measures and had its own armed forces in the form of the company's three presidency armies, totalling about 260,000 soldiers, twice the size of the British Army at certain times. Originally Chartered company, chartered as the "Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East-Indies," the company rose to account for half of the world's trade during the mid-1700s and early 1800s, particularly in basic commodities including cotton, silk, indigo dye, sugar, salt, spices, Potass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ranjodh Singh Majithia
Ranjodh Singh (died 1872) was a powerful member of the Sikh aristocracy and governor of Hazara. The Majithia family are Jat of the Shergill gotra (clan), and were particularly influential in the area near their headquarters in Majithia (hence the name). Biography Early life Ranjodh's father was Desa Singh Majithia. Ranjodh Singh's brother was Lehna Singh Majithia, one of Ranjit Singh's most able ministers and advisers. He also had a brother named Gujar Singh. Ranjodh Singh himself was from a young age tutored by French officers in military matters. Due to this education and his inherited position he became a general in the Khalsa Army. First Anglo-Sikh War During the First Anglo Sikh War he led a Sikh army that fought the British at Aliwal, Badowal and fought bravely at Sobraon Sobraon () is a village in Punjab, India. It is located west to Harike village in Tarn Taran district. The Sutlej river is to the south of this village. The village is located at 31°1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sham Singh Attariwala
Sham Singh Attariwala (ca.1790's – 10 February 1846) was a general of the Sikh Empire. Biography Early life He was born in the 1790's in the town of Attari (a few kilometres from the border of Indian and Pakistani Punjab in India), Amritsar, in the Majha region of Panjab, India. As a child he was educated in Gurmukhi and Persian. Military career When Ranjit Singh became the Maharaja of Punjab, he got Attariwala's services at his disposal. Ranjit Singh made him a 'Jathedar' of 5,000 horsemen. He participated actively in many campaigns, notably the campaign of Multan, campaign of Kashmir, campaign of the Frontier Province etc. Sham Singh Attariwala is famous for his last stand at the Battle of Sobraon. He joined the Sikh military in 1817 and during the Afghan–Sikh Wars participated in the Battle of Attock, Battle of Multan, Battle of Peshawar, and the 1819 Kashmir expedition. Administrative career Sham Singh Attariwala was a prominent courtier at the Lahore Da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lal Singh
Raja Lal Singh (died 1866) was a Wazir of the Sikh Empire and commander of Sikh Khalsa Army forces during the First Anglo-Sikh War. Along with Tej Singh, Lal Singh is believed to be in the secret employ of the East India Company during the course of the war. Lal Singh was regularly supplying information and even receiving instructions from Company officers, communicating through Captain Peter Nicholson. Biography Early life Lal Singh was, a shopkeeper native to Sahgol in the Jehlum District.Singh, Harbans (2011) ''Encyclopaedia of Sikhism: Volume II, E-L''. Punjab University, Patiala. p. 563-564. He entered the service of the Sikh government in 1832, working as a writer in the treasury, and, according to some sources, converting from his original Hinduism to Sikhism in order to secure a place at court.Bansal, Bobby Singh (2015) ''Remnants of the Sikh Empire: Historical Sikh Monuments in India & Pakistan''. May House, Inc.. He was patronised by the Wazirs Dhian Singh Dogr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
