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Euglossini
The tribe Euglossini, in the subfamily Apinae, commonly known as orchid bees or euglossine bees, are the only group of corbiculate bees whose non-parasitic members do not all possess eusocial behavior. Description Most of the tribe's species are solitary, though a few are communal, or exhibit simple forms of eusociality. There are about 200 described species, distributed in five genera: '' Euglossa'', '' Eulaema'', ''Eufriesea'', ''Exaerete'' and the monotypic '' Aglae''. All exclusively occur in South or Central America (though one species, '' Euglossa dilemma'', has become established in the United States). The genera ''Exaerete'' and ''Aglae'' are kleptoparasites in the nests of other orchid bees. All except ''Eulaema'' are characterized by brilliant metallic coloration, primarily green, gold, and blue. Females gather pollen and nectar as food from a variety of plants, and resins, mud and other materials for nest building. Some of the same food plants are also used by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aglae
''Aglae'' is a genus of euglossine bees, with the only described species ''Aglae caerulea''. Like all orchid bees, it is restricted to the Neotropics. They are metallic blue. This species, like the genus ''Exaerete'', is a nest parasite on free-living Euglossini. ''A. caerulea'' lays its eggs in the nests of ''Eulaema nigrita'', and possibly other '' Eulaema'' species. Among other substances, males of this species are attracted by methyl cinnamate baits. Name The Ancient Greek, ''Αγλαιη'' means "beauty". The original 1825 publication describing the species spelled the epithet as "''cœrulea''" (for "blue"), which nearly all subsequent authors misspelled as ''caerulea'' rather than ''coerulea'', but under Article 33.3.1 of the ICZN, the ''caerulea'' spelling must be maintained.ICZN Code "33.3.1. when an incorrect subsequent spelling is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eufriesea
''Eufriesea'' is a genus of euglossine bees. Like all orchid bees, they are restricted to the Neotropics. All species range from entirely to at least partially metallic (the face and/or tegulae), though much of the body in some species may be brown/black in color and hairy. Distribution ''Eufriesea'' is the most widely distributed genus of euglossines. Specimens have been found from Texas to central Argentina.Gonzalez VH, Griswold T, Simões M (2017) On the identity of the adventive species of ''Eufriesea'' Cockerell in the USA: systematics and potential distribution of the ''coerulescens'' species group (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 55: 55-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.12209 ''E. purpurata'' At least one species in this genus, '' Eufriesea purpurata'' from Brazil, has been shown to deliberately collect large quantities of the insecticide DDT without any apparent adverse effects. Individual bees were observed to collect as much as 2 mg, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eulaema
''Eulaema'' is a genus of large-bodied euglossine bees that occur primarily in the Neotropics. They are robust brown or black bees, hairy or velvety, and often striped with yellow or orange, typically resembling bumblebees. They lack metallic coloration as occurs in the related genus ''Eufriesea''. Distribution ''Eulaema'' is found from Rio Grande do Sul ( Brazil), Misiones (Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...) and Paraguay to northern Mexico with occasional strays into the United States. Species References {{Taxonbar, from=Q4038261 Bee genera Hymenoptera of North America Hymenoptera of South America Orchid pollinators ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euglossa
''Euglossa'' is a genus of orchid bees (Euglossini). Like all their close relatives, they are native to the Neotropics; an introduced population exists in Florida. They are typically bright metallic blue, green, coppery, or golden. '' Euglossa intersecta'' (formerly known as ''E. brullei'') is morphologically and chromatically atypical for the genus, and resembles the related ''Eufriesea'' in a number of characters including coloration. Distribution ''Euglossa'' occurs naturally from Mexico to Paraguay, northern Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ..., western Brazil, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago, but one species ('' E. dilemma'') has recently been introduced to Florida in the United States Species References Further reading * * Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exaerete
''Exaerete'' is a genus of euglossine bees found from Mexico to northern Argentina. Like all orchid bees, they are restricted to the Neotropics. All but one species is metallic green, and they are cleptoparasites in the nests of other euglossines in the genera ''Eufriesea'' and ''Eulaema''. It contains the following species: * ''Exaerete azteca'' Moure, 1964 * ''Exaerete dentata'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Exaerete fallaciosa'' Engel, 2018 * ''Exaerete frontalis'' (Guérin-Méneville, 1845) * ''Exaerete kimseyae'' Oliviera, 2011 * ''Exaerete lepeletieri'' Oliviera & Nemesio, 2003 * ''Exaerete salsai'' Nemesio, 2011 * ''Exaerete smaragdina'' (Guérin-Méneville, 1845) * ''Exaerete tricosa'' Engel & Bembé, 2020 * ''Exaerete trochanterica ''Exaerete'' is a genus of euglossine bees found from Mexico to northern Argentina. Like all orchid bees, they are restricted to the Neotropics. All but one species is metallic green, and they are cleptoparasites in the nests of other euglossin ... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euglossa Dilemma
''Euglossa dilemma'', the green orchid bee or dilemma orchid bee, is a species of solitary euglossine bee native to a broad area of Central America, and recently introduced to Florida in the United States. It was first detected in Broward County, Florida in 2003, and initially identified as '' Euglossa viridissima'', but further study revealed that ''E. viridissima'' as previously defined consisted of two cryptic species, and the one present in Florida was new to science. Taxonomy ''Euglossa viridissima'' is a species of green orchid bee from Central America in which the males have two teeth on their mandibles. The very similar bee that was first observed in Florida in 2003 was found to have three such teeth. Sequencing data from a mitochondrial gene was unable to separate ''E. viridissima'' and ''E. dilemma'', indicating they are closely related and form a clade within ''Euglossa''. However, microsatellite allele frequencies varied between the two groups. Males of these bees st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catasetinae
Catasetinae is a subtribe within the Orchidaceae and contains 8 genera.Batista, J.A.N., A.C.M. Mota, K. Proite, L.D.B. Bianchetti, G.A. Romero-González, H.M.H. Espinoza, and G.A. Salazar. 2014Molecular phylogenetics of Neotropical ''Cyanaeorchis'' (Cymbidieaee, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae): geographical rather than morphological similarities plus a new species.''Phytotaxa'', 156(5): 251-272. Its members are widespread in lowland tropical Central and South America up to 1,500 meters. They are found on trees, stumps or old fence posts. Catasetinae are exclusively pollinated by male euglossine bees, which are attracted to the floral fragrances, and collect them. A particular Catasetinae species may attract only one or a few species of bees from the dozens that occur in the habitat.Williams & Whitten 1983 Genera * ''Catasetum'' (80–120 species) * ''Clowesia'' (7 species) * '' Cyanaeorchis'' (3 species) * '' Cycnoches'' (some 30 species) * ''Dressleria ''Dressleria'' is a genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apinae
The Apinae are the subfamily that includes the majority of bees in the family Apidae. It includes the familiar " corbiculate" (pollen basket) bees—bumblebees, honey bees, orchid bees, stingless bees, Africanized bees, and the extinct genus '' Euglossopteryx''. It also includes all but two of the groups (excluding Nomadinae and Xylocopinae) that were previously classified in the family Anthophoridae. Most species in the subfamily (other than honey bees, bumblebees, and stingless bees) are solitary, though several of the tribes are entirely kleptoparasitic, such as the Ericrocidini, Isepeolini, Melectini, Osirini, Protepeolini, and Rhathymini. Behaviors Certain behaviors are known from members of the Apinae that are rarely seen in other bees, including the habit of males forming "sleeping aggregations" on vegetation - several males gathering on a single plant in the evening, grasping a plant with their jaws and resting there through the night (sometimes held in place only b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pollen Basket
The pollen basket or corbicula (plural corbiculae) is part of the tibia on the hind legs of certain species of bees. They use the structure in harvesting pollen and carrying it to the nest or hive. Other species of bees have scopae instead. Etymology There was little formal description of the corbicula before Carl Linnaeus explained the biological function of pollen in the mid-18th century. In English the first edition of ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' described the structure in 1771 without giving it any special name. The second edition, 1777, refers to the corbicula simply as the "basket". By 1802 William Kirby had introduced the New Latin term into English. He had borrowed it, with acknowledgement, from Réaumur. Like other Latin anatomical terms, this had the advantages of specificity, international acceptability, and culture neutrality. By 1820 the term ''pollen-basket'' seems to have gained acceptance in beekeeping, extracted in though a century later a compendium of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eusociality
Eusociality (from Greek εὖ ''eu'' "good" and social), the highest level of organization of sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labor into reproductive and non-reproductive groups. The division of labor creates specialized behavioral groups within an animal society which are sometimes referred to as 'castes'. Eusociality is distinguished from all other social systems because individuals of at least one caste usually lose the ability to perform at least one behavior characteristic of individuals in another caste. Eusocial colonies can be viewed as superorganisms. Eusociality exists in certain insects, crustaceans, and mammals. It is mostly observed and studied in the Hymenoptera ( ants, bees, and wasps) and in Blattodea (termites). A colony has caste differences: queens and reproductive males take the roles of the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanhopeinae
Stanhopeinae is a subtribe of plants in the tribe Cymbidieae. The subtribe in the strict sense, have viscidia and stipes that are thin and strap-like, they are adapted for attachment to edge of the bee's scutellum or to a leg. Pseudobulbs are usually ribbed/four-angled or flattened. Leaves are generally thicker than Coeliopsidinae. Roots are smooth, without prominent root hairs. The column foot is lacking or not distinct. Unpollinated flowers quickly abscise and fall from the inflorescence, unlike members of Coeliopsidinae which include '' Coeliopsis'', '' Lycomormium'', and '' Peristeria''. Stanhopeinae and Coeliopsidinae are now considered closely related sister subtribes. Within Stanhopeinae the members can be further grouped in six clades based on morphological traits and molecular analysis. *''Braemia'' Clade: '' Braemia'' *''Gongora'' Clade: ''Cirrhaea'' & ''Gongora'' *''Acineta'' Clade: ''Acineta'', '' Lacaena'', '' Lueddemannia'' & '' Vasqueziella'' *''Polycycnis'' Clade ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gloxinia (genus)
''Gloxinia'' is a genus containing three species of tropical rhizomatous herbs in the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae. The species are primarily found in the Andes of South America, but ''Gloxinia perennis'' is also found in Central America and the West Indies, where it has probably escaped from cultivation. ''Gloxinia perennis'' is the original (type) species of the genus, and for much of its history the genus consisted of only ''G. perennis'' and a very small number of other species. The classification of ''Gloxinia'' later changed reflect the 1976 classification of Hans Wiehler, who took a broader view of the genus. A recent analysis of ''Gloxinia'' and related genera based on molecular and morphological work has determined that Wiehler's circumscription of the genus was unnatural, both phylogenetically and morphologically. The analyses demonstrated that the genera ''Anodiscus'' and ''Koellikeria'', each with a single species, were more closely related to ''Gloxinia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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