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Chloridoideae
Chloridoideae is one of the largest subfamilies of grasses, with roughly 150 genera and 1,600 species, mainly found in arid tropical or subtropical grasslands. Within the PACMAD clade, their sister group are the Danthonioideae. The subfamily includes widespread weeds such as Bermuda grass (''Cynodon dactylon'') or goosegrass ('' Eleusine indica''), but also millet species grown in some tropical regions, namely finger millet (''Eleusine coracana'') and teff (''Eragrostis tef''). With the exception of some species in ''Ellisochloa'' and Eleusine indica, most of the subfamily's species use the C4 photosynthetic pathway. The first evolutionary transition from C3 to C4 photosynthesis in the grasses probably occurred in this subfamily, around 32 to 25 million years ago in the Oligocene. Phylogeny Relationships of tribes in the Chloridoideae according to a 2017 phylogenetic classification, also showing the Danthonioideae as sister group: The following genera have not been as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chloridoideae
Chloridoideae is one of the largest subfamilies of grasses, with roughly 150 genera and 1,600 species, mainly found in arid tropical or subtropical grasslands. Within the PACMAD clade, their sister group are the Danthonioideae. The subfamily includes widespread weeds such as Bermuda grass (''Cynodon dactylon'') or goosegrass ('' Eleusine indica''), but also millet species grown in some tropical regions, namely finger millet (''Eleusine coracana'') and teff (''Eragrostis tef''). With the exception of some species in ''Ellisochloa'' and Eleusine indica, most of the subfamily's species use the C4 photosynthetic pathway. The first evolutionary transition from C3 to C4 photosynthesis in the grasses probably occurred in this subfamily, around 32 to 25 million years ago in the Oligocene. Phylogeny Relationships of tribes in the Chloridoideae according to a 2017 phylogenetic classification, also showing the Danthonioideae as sister group: The following genera have not been as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cynodonteae
Cynodonteae is a large tribe of grasses in the subfamily Chloridoideae, with over 800 species. Like most of the subfamily, species in the tribe are adapted to warm, arid climates and use the C4 photosynthetic pathway, with the exception of '' Eleusine indica''. Some species, such as Bermuda grass (''Cynodon dactylon'') or goosegrass ('' Eleusine indica''), are widespread weeds, introduced in many countries. Most of the 94 genera are classified in one of 21 subtribes, but some are still unplaced (''incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...'') within the tribe. References Chloridoideae Poaceae tribes {{Chloridoideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poaceae
Poaceae () or Gramineae () is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pasture. The latter are commonly referred to collectively as grass. With around 780 genera and around 12,000 species, the Poaceae is the fifth-largest plant family, following the Asteraceae, Orchidaceae, Fabaceae and Rubiaceae. The Poaceae are the most economically important plant family, providing staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize, wheat, rice, barley, and millet as well as feed for meat-producing animals. They provide, through direct human consumption, just over one-half (51%) of all dietary energy; rice provides 20%, wheat supplies 20%, maize (corn) 5.5%, and other grains 6%. Some members of the Poaceae are used as building materials (bamboo, thatch, and straw); others can provide a source of biofuel, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PACMAD Clade
The PACMAD clade (previously PACCMAD, PACCAD, or PACC) is one of two major lineages (or clades) of the true grasses (Poaceae), regrouping six subfamilies and about 5700 species, more than half of all true grasses. Its sister group is the BOP clade. The PACMAD lineage is the only group within the grasses in which the C4 photosynthesis pathway has evolved; studies have shown that this happened independently multiple times. The name of the clade comes from the first initials of the included subfamilies Panicoideae, Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Micrairoideae, Aristidoideae, and Danthonioideae. It has no defined taxonomic rank but is used frequently because it refers to a well-defined monophyletic group A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic โ that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants โ on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ... with a distinct ecology. Phy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centropodieae
Centropodieae is a tribe of grasses containing only two genera. It is the earliest-branching lineage in the subfamily Chloridoideae Chloridoideae is one of the largest subfamilies of grasses, with roughly 150 genera and 1,600 species, mainly found in arid tropical or subtropical grasslands. Within the PACMAD clade, their sister group are the Danthonioideae. The subfamily ... and contains its only genus with C3 species, '' Ellisochloa'', while all other species in the tribe and subfamily use the C4 photosynthetic pathway. References * Chloridoideae Poaceae tribes {{Chloridoideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eragrostideae
Eragrostideae is a tribe of grasses in subfamily Chloridoideae Chloridoideae is one of the largest subfamilies of grasses, with roughly 150 genera and 1,600 species, mainly found in arid tropical or subtropical grasslands. Within the PACMAD clade, their sister group are the Danthonioideae. The subfamily .... It contains roughly 500 species, which all use the C4 photosynthetic pathway. The 14 genera are classified in three subtribes: References * * Chloridoideae Poaceae tribes {{Chloridoideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triraphideae
Triraphideae is a small tribe of tropical grasses, containing 14 species in three genera. Like most of the subfamily Chloridoideae Chloridoideae is one of the largest subfamilies of grasses, with roughly 150 genera and 1,600 species, mainly found in arid tropical or subtropical grasslands. Within the PACMAD clade, their sister group are the Danthonioideae. The subfamily ..., species in the tribe use the C4 photosynthetic pathway. References Chloridoideae Poaceae tribes {{Chloridoideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ellisochloa
''Ellisochloa'' is a genus of Namibian and South African plants in the grass family. ; Species * '' Ellisochloa papposa'' (Nees) P.M.Peterson & N.P.Barker - Cape Province * '' Ellisochloa rangei'' (Pilg.) P.M.Peterson & N.P.Barker - Namibia See also * List of Poaceae genera The true grasses (Poaceae) are one of the largest plant families, with around 12,000 species and roughly 800 genera. They contain, among others, the cereal crop species and other plants of economic importance, such as the bamboos, and several imp ... References Chloridoideae Poaceae genera {{Chloridoideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zoysieae
Zoysieae is a Tribe (biology), tribe of Poaceae, grasses in subfamily Chloridoideae, with around 250 species in four genera. All species use the C4 photosynthesis, C4 photosynthetic pathway. The 4 genera are classified in these subtribes: References Chloridoideae Poaceae tribes {{Poaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silentvalleya
''Silentvalleya'' is a genus of Indian plants in the grass family. ; Species * '' Silentvalleya chandwadensis'' Gosavi, B.R. Pawar & S.R. Yadav - near Chandwad in Maharashtra * '' Silentvalleya nairii'' V.J.Nair, Sreek., Vajr. & Bhargavan - Lakshadweep, Kerala Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South ... References Chloridoideae Poaceae genera {{Chloridoideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudozoysia
''Pseudozoysia'' is a monotypic genus of plant in the grass family. The only known species is ''Pseudozoysia sessilis'', found only in Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐; ar, ุงูุตูู ุงู, aแนฃ-แนขลซmฤl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti .... References Chloridoideae Monotypic Poaceae genera Endemic flora of Somalia {{Chloridoideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pogonochloa
''Pogonochloa'' is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is ''Pogonochloa greenwayi'', native to Zambia and Zimbabwe Zimbabwe (), officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the south-west, Zambia to the north, and ....Cope, T. (1999). Flora Zambesiaca 10(2): 1-261. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. References Chloridoideae Monotypic Poaceae genera Flora of Africa {{Chloridoideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
