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Characidae
Characidae, the characids or characins is a family of freshwater subtropical and tropical fish, belonging to the order Characiformes. The name "characins" is the historical one, but scientists today tend to prefer "characids" to reflect their status as a by and large monophyletic group at family rank. To arrive there, this family has undergone much systematic and taxonomic change. Among those fishes that remain in the Characidae for the time being are the tetras, comprising the very similar genera '' Hemigrammus'' and ''Hyphessobrycon'', as well as a few related forms such as the cave and neon tetras. Fish of this family are important as food and also include popular aquarium fish species. These fish vary in length, though many are less than . One of the smallest species, ''Hyphessobrycon roseus'', grows to a maximum length of 1.9 cm. These fish inhabit a wide range and a variety of habitats. They originate in the Americas, ranging from southwestern Texas and Mexico th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyphessobrycon
''Hyphessobrycon'' is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Characidae. These species are among the fishes known as tetras. The genus is distributed in the Neotropical realm from southern Mexico to Río de la Plata in Argentina. Many of these species are native to South America; about six species are from Central America and a single species, '' H. compressus'' is from southern Mexico. All small fishes, the ''Hyphessobrycon'' tetras reach maximum overall lengths of about . Great anatomical diversity exists in this genus.Lucena, C.A.S.d. (2003)New characid fish, ''Hyphessobrycon scutulatus'', from the rio Teles Pires drainage, upper rio Tapajós system (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae).''Neotropical Ichthyology, 1 (2): 93–96.'' They are generally of typical characin shape, but vary greatly in coloration and body form, many species having distinctive black, red, or yellow markings on their bodies and fins. These species are generally omnivorous, feeding predominantly on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iguanodectinae
Iguanodectinae is a subfamily of small freshwater fish in the family Iguanodectidae. They are most prominently found in the Amazon river basin and its major tributaries, but they are also known from the Tocantins, Orinoco, and Paraguay rivers. It has two genera, '' Piabucus'' and ''Iguanodectes''. Some species in the subfamily are taken from the wild for aquariums, like the red- and green-line lizard tetras (''Iguanodectes geisleri'' and ''Iguanodectes spilurus'', respectively). There is minor, but ongoing, debate regarding its taxonomy. Description Members of Iguanodectinae are generally fairly small, none more than 13 cm in length. Members of ''Piabucus'' are slightly larger than members of ''Iguanodectes'', reaching a maximum of 12.9 cm (5.1 in), while members of ''Iguanodectes'' only reach 10.3 cm (4.1 in). They are slender and rather elongate in body shape, comparable to minnows; ichthyologist Carl H. Eigenmann, who named the subfamily, likened them to smelt. Their scales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemigrammus
''Hemigrammus'' is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Characidae native to South America (including Trinidad) and commonly seen in the aquarium trade. These are medium-small tetras where the largest species reach up to around . Species There are currently 59 recognized species in this genus: * '' Hemigrammus aereus'' Géry, 1959 * '' Hemigrammus aguaruna'' F. C. T. Lima, Corrêa & Ota, 2016 Lima, F.C.T., Correa, V. & Ota, R.P. (2016): A new species of ''Hemigrammus'' Gill 1858 (Characiformes: Characidae) from the western Amazon basin in Peru and Colombia. ''aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 22 (3): 123-132.'' * '' Hemigrammus analis'' Durbin, 1909 * '' Hemigrammus arua'' F. C. T. Lima, Wosiacki & C. S. Ramos, 2009 * '' Hemigrammus ataktos'' Marinho, D'Agosta & Birindelli, 2014 Marinho, M.M.F., Dagosta, F.C.P. & Birindelli, J.L.O. (2014): ''Hemigrammus ataktos'': a new species from the rio Tocantins basin, central Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae). ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Characiformes
Characiformes is an order of ray-finned fish, comprising the characins and their allies. Grouped in 18 recognized families, more than 2000 different species are described, including the well-known piranha and tetras.; Buckup P.A.: "Relationships of the Characidiinae and phylogeny of characiform fishes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi)", ''Phylogeny and Classification of Neotropical Fishes'', L.R. Malabarba, R.E. Reis, R.P. Vari, Z.M. Lucena, eds. (Porto Alegre: Edipucr) 1998:123-144. Taxonomy The Characiformes form part of a series called the Otophysi within the superorder Ostariophysi. The Otophysi contain three other orders, Cypriniformes, Siluriformes, and Gymnotiformes. The Characiformes form a group known as the Characiphysi with the Siluriformes and Gymnotiformes. The order Characiformes is the sister group to the orders Siluriformes and Gymnotiformes, though this has been debated in light of recent molecular evidence. Originally, the characins were all grouped within a sing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salmininae
''Salminus'', popularly known as dorado or dourado, is a genus of relatively large (up to long), predatory freshwater fish from the family Characidae. They are native to large tropical and subtropical rivers in South America, and undertake migrations during the rainy season to spawn.Lima, F. C. T., and H. A. Britski (2007). Salminus franciscanus, a new species from the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae)' Neotrop. Ichthyol. 5(3). They are very popular among recreational anglers and also support important commercial fisheries. Species Significant taxonomic confusion has surrounded this genus, and until a review in 1990, several additional species were recognised (most of these are junior synonyms of ''S. brasiliensis'').Géry, J. and L. Lauzanne (1990). ''Les types des espèces du genre Salminus Agassiz, 1829 (Ostariophysi, Characidae) du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris.'' Cybium 14(2): 113-124. Although known for more than ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astyanax Mexicanus
The Mexican tetra (''Astyanax mexicanus''), also known as the blind cave fish, blind cave characin, and blind cave tetra, is a freshwater fish of the family Characidae of the order Characiformes. The type species of its genus, it is native to the Nearctic realm, originating in the lower Rio Grande and the Neueces and Pecos Rivers in Texas, as well as the central and eastern parts of Mexico. Growing to a maximum total length of , the Mexican tetra is of typical characin shape, with unremarkable, drab coloration. Its blind cave form, however, is notable for having no eyes or pigment; it has a pinkish-white color to its body (resembling an albino). This fish, especially the blind variant, is reasonably popular among aquarists. ''A. mexicanus'' is a peaceful species that spends most of its time in midlevel water above the rocky and sandy bottoms of pools and backwaters of creeks and rivers of its native environment. Coming from a subtropical climate, it prefers water with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charax (fish)
''Charax'' is a genus containing several species of South American tetras, including the glass headstander, '' C. gibbosus''. These fish, among other characteristics, are small and have a rhomboid shape. Some species are semi-translucent. Species There are currently 16 recognized species in this genus: * '' Charax apurensis'' C. A. S. de Lucena, 1987 * '' Charax caudimaculatus'' C. A. S. de Lucena, 1987 * '' Charax condei'' Géry & Knöppel, 1976 * '' Charax delimai'' Menezes & C. A. S. de Lucena, 2014 Menezes, N.A. & Lucena, C.A.S.d. (2014): A taxonomic review of the species of ''Charax'' Scopoli, 1777 (Teleostei: Characidae: Characinae) with description of a new species from the rio Negro bearing superficial neuromasts on body scales, Amazon basin, Brazil. ''Neotropical Ichthyology, 12 (2): 193-228''. * '' Charax gibbosus'' Linnaeus, 1758 (Glass headstander) * '' Charax hemigrammus'' C. H. Eigenmann, 1912 * '' Charax leticiae'' C. A. S. de Lucena, 1987 * '' Charax macrole ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyphessobrycon Sweglesi
''Hyphessobrycon sweglesi'' is a species of tetra that lives in the Orinoco River drainage basin in South America. The fish has a round black spot behind the gill-plate, a black band on the dorsal fin that is bordered above and below by creamy-white. The other fins are red same as the upper rim of the eye. The fish eats worms, small insects, and crustaceans. The species can lay up to 400 eggs that can hatch in a day and that are susceptible to fungus. The species' appearance is very similar to '' Hyphessobrycon megalopterus'' (black phantom tetra). The species' scientific name used to be ''Megalamphodus sweglisi'' and the species' common name In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often contrast ... is red phantom tetra. References External links Red Phantom Tetra Fact Sheet Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neon Tetra
The neon tetra (''Paracheirodon innesi'') is a Freshwater fish of the characin family (family Characidae) of order Characiformes. The type species of its genus, it is native to blackwater and clearwater streams in the Amazon basin of South America. Its bright colouring makes the fish visible to conspecifics in the dark blackwater streams, and is also the main reason for its popularity among freshwater fish hobbyists, with neon tetras being one of the most widely kept tropical fish in the world. Range and habitat The neon tetra is found in the western and northern Amazon basin in southeastern Colombia, eastern Peru, and western Brazil. It lives in waters with a temperature between and pH 4–7.5. It has a preference for acidic blackwater streams, but also occurs in transparent clearwater streams. It is not found in the whitewater rivers. UN FAO considers ''P. innesi'' an introduced species in Singapore and the United States. FAO considers its introduction to Singa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fish
Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of living fish species are ray-finned fish, belonging to the class Actinopterygii, with around 99% of those being teleosts. The earliest organisms that can be classified as fish were soft-bodied chordates that first appeared during the Cambrian period. Although they lacked a true spine, they possessed notochords which allowed them to be more agile than their invertebrate counterparts. Fish would continue to evolve through the Paleozoic era, diversifying into a wide variety of forms. Many fish of the Paleozoic developed external armor that protected them from predators. The first fish with jaws appeared in the Silurian period, after which many (such as sharks) became formidable marine predators rather than just the prey of arthropods. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropical
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to as the tropical zone and the torrid zone (see geographical zone). In terms of climate, the tropics receive sunlight that is more direct than the rest of Earth and are generally hotter and wetter as they aren't affected as much by the solar seasons. The word "tropical" sometimes refers to this sort of climate in the zone rather than to the geographical zone itself. The tropical zone includes deserts and snow-capped mountains, which are not tropical in the climatic sense. The tropics are distinguished from the other climatic and biomatic regions of Earth, which are the middle latitudes and the polar regions on either side of the equatorial zone. The tropics constitute 40% of Earth's surface area and contain 36% of Earth's landmass. , t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. For some groups of organisms, their orders may fol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
