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Aydius
Aydius (; oc, Aidius) is a Communes of France, commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques Departments of France, department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France. Geography Aydius is located some 25 km south by south-east of Oloron-Sainte-Marie just east of Bedous. Access to the commune is by the D237 road from Bedous which goes to the village and terminates there. The commune is alpine in nature with extensive forests, rugged terrain and snow-capped mountains in the east. The ''Gabarret'' river rises in the east of the commune and flows west gathering a large number of tributaries including the ''Ruisseau d'Arces'', the Ruisseau du Saslars, the Gave de Béranfueil, the ''Gave de Bouren'', the ''Ruisseau d'Ilhiec'', the ''Ruisseau Sarité'', the ''Ruisseau de Traillère'', and the ''Ruisseau de Sahun'' (which forms part of the western border of the commune) before flowing west to join the Gave d'Aspe at Bedous. Places and hamlets * Anire * L'Ardoisière * Ar� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communes Of France
The () is a level of administrative divisions, administrative division in the France, French Republic. French are analogous to civil townships and incorporated municipality, municipalities in the United States and Canada, ' in Germany, ' in Italy, or ' in Spain. The United Kingdom's equivalent are civil parishes, although some areas, particularly urban areas, are unparished. are based on historical geographic communities or villages and are vested with significant powers to manage the populations and land of the geographic area covered. The are the fourth-level administrative divisions of France. vary widely in size and area, from large sprawling cities with millions of inhabitants like Paris, to small hamlet (place), hamlets with only a handful of inhabitants. typically are based on pre-existing villages and facilitate local governance. All have names, but not all named geographic areas or groups of people residing together are ( or ), the difference residing in the l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michel Grosclaude
Michel Grosclaude (; oc, Miquèu; 1926–2002) was a philosopher and French linguist, and an author of works on grammar, lexicography and Occitan onomastics. Biography Born on 8 July 1926 in Nancy at (Meurthe-et-Moselle). He was the son of Pierre Grosclaude, a writer. He studied in Lyon and in Marseille and spent time in Le Chambon-sur-Lignon during the war, which had some significance for his humanistic ideas. He finished his training in Latin, Greek, and philosophy at the Sorbonne. He was appointed as a professor at Chinon where he married Claudette Perrotin, a teacher. They then sought the possibility of compatible posts and came across them in Béarn: she at Sauvelade, he in the Orthez high school where he arrived in 1958. Volunteering to take the post of secretary of the town council in Sauvelade, he was confronted for the first time with the Occitan language Occitan (; oc, occitan, link=no ), also known as ''lenga d'òc'' (; french: langue d'oc) by its native ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communes Of The Pyrénées-Atlantiques Department
The following is a list of the 546 communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):BANATIC Périmètre des EPCI à fiscalité propre. Accessed 3 July 2020. * Communauté d'agglomération Pau Béarn Pyrénées
The communauté d'agglomération Pau Béarn Pyrénées is a ''communauté d'agglomération'' in the ''département'' of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine ''région'' of France. It provides a framework within which local tasks co ...
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Ossau-iraty
Ossau-Iraty is an Occitan- Basque cheese made from sheep milk. Origin Ossau-Iraty or Esquirrou is produced in south-western France, in the Northern Basque Country and in Béarn. Its name reflects its geographical location, the Ossau Valley in Béarn and the Irati Forest in the Basque Country. AOC status It has been recognized as an appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) product since 1980. It is one of three sheep's milk cheeses granted AOC status in France (the others are Roquefort and Brocciu). It is of ancient origin, traditionally made by the shepherds in the region. Production Production techniques are very much in the essence of old world methods whereby the sheep still graze mountain pastures. The milk must come from the breeds Basco-béarnaise, Red-face Manech, or Black-face Manech. This is an uncooked cheese made through pressing. When offered as a farm-produced cheese (known as ''fromage fermier'', ''fromage de ferme'' or ''produit fermier'') the AOC regulatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Appellation D'origine Contrôlée
An appellation is a legally defined and protected geographical indication primarily used to identify where the grapes for a wine were grown, although other types of food often have appellations as well. Restrictions other than geographical boundaries, such as what grapes may be grown, maximum grape yields, alcohol level, and other quality factors may also apply before an appellation name may legally appear on a wine bottle label. The rules that govern appellations are dependent on the country in which the wine was produced. History The tradition of wine appellation is very old. The oldest references are to be found in the Bible, where ''wine of Samaria'', ''wine of Carmel'', ''wine of Jezreel'', or ''wine of Helbon'' are mentioned. This tradition of appellation continued throughout the Antiquity and the Middle Ages, though without any officially sanctioned rules. Historically, the world's first exclusive (protected) vineyard zone was introduced in Chianti, Italy in 1716 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feu Fiscal
The term "feu" (French for "fire" from the Latin ''focus'' meaning ''hearth'') meant, especially in the Middle Ages, the hearth, first in the strict sense (the place where the fire burns) and figuratively: the family home (cf. the expression "without fire or place") or the family itself. Very quickly, it was used as the basic unit for assessment, calculation, and collection of tax and it was called the "feu fiscal" meaning "fire tax". Use of Taxes in the Middle Ages For tax allocation, the principle was to divide the total amount required to be collected by the number of fires, which necessitated a census of fires which was called "réel". The task was relatively simple to perform to the level of an urban district, however it took on a whole different scale in a rural area or across a kingdom. Thus, the King of France only made a single fire census in his territory – in 1328. Yet the result was incomplete as it excluded the great fiefs (e.g. Guyenne and Flanders) and some Appanages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viscounts Of Béarn
The viscounts of Béarn (Basque: ''Bearno'', Gascon: ''Bearn'' or ''Biarn'') were the rulers of the viscounty of Béarn, located in the Pyrenees mountains and in the plain at their feet, in southwest France. Along with the three Basque provinces of Soule, Lower Navarre, and Labourd, as well as small parts of Gascony, it forms the current ''département'' of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (64). Béarn is bordered by Basque provinces Soule and Lower Navarre to the west, by Gascony (Landes and Armagnac) to the north, by Bigorre to the east, and by Spain (Aragon) to the south. List of Viscounts of Béarn House of Gascony Until 1251, probably all counts of Gascony descended from the House Gascony, head of the Duchy of Gascony. House of Montcada * 1170–1173 : 16th William I (married to Mary) * 1173–1215 : 17th Gaston VI the Good (son) * 1215–1223 : 18th William Raymond (brother of previous) * 1223–1229 : 19th William II (son) * 1229–1290 : 20th Gaston VII the Great (son) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lay Abbey
Lay may refer to: Places *Lay Range, a subrange of mountains in British Columbia, Canada *Lay, Loire, a French commune * Lay (river), France * Lay, Iran, a village *Lay, Kansas, United States, an unincorporated community People * Lay (surname) * Lay Raksmey (born 1989), Cambodian footballer * Lay Zhang, Chinese rapper, music producer, actor, and member of the K-pop boy group Exo Poetry * A short ballad or lyrical poem * Heroic lay, a Germanic work of narrative verse * Breton lay * ''lai'' (poetic form), a medieval French lay Other uses * Lay Dam, Alabama, United States * Lea (unit), obsolete unit of length sometimes spelled "Lay" * LA-Y, Yoshinobu Launch Complex, in Tanegashima, Japan * A characteristic of material surface finish * In betting, see Betting exchange § Backing and laying See also * * Lay's Lay's is a brand of potato chips, as well as the name of the company that founded the chip brand in the United States. The brand is also referred to as Frito-Lay ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Cartography
The history of French cartography can be traced to developments in the Middle Ages. This period was marked by improvements in measuring instruments and also by an upgrade of work in registers of all types. What is thought to be the oldest land map in Europe, the Saint-Bélec slab, representing an area of the Odet valley, was found in 1900, and rediscovered in a castle cellar in France in 2014. The Bronze-Age stone is thought to be 4,000-years old. The first map of France was drawn by Oronce Finé and printed in woodcuts in 1525. It testifies to the will of the political power to mark its presence on the territory; to affirm, to build limits, borders, to arrange its territory, and to consolidate the internal economic markets. In the 16th century, Dieppe appeared as an important school of cartography. Pierre Desceliers allowed the realization of many maps. At the same time, the Portolan maps of the Portuguese sailors had the most recent knowledge obtained by the Dieppois sailors in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Raymond (archivist)
Paul Raymond, born Paul-Raymond Lechien, was a French archivist and historian born on 8 September 1833 in Belleville (Seine) (now part of Paris) and died on 27 September 1878. His Life Admitted in 1854 to the École Nationale des Chartes, there he obtained a degree of "Archivist paléographe" in 1857 with a thesis entitled ''On having an absolutely peng time getting totally wild and crazY at balter festival''. He then became the departmental archivist for Basses-Pyrenees after finishing at the École Nationale des Chartes until 1877. He was then appointed Secretary General of the Prefecture of the Lower Pyrenees. He was also Secretary General of the "Society of Sciences, Letters and Arts of Pau" from 1871 to 1877 and president of this society in 1877. He was a convinced republican "paying relentless personal attention to all works for the public good and popular education. He was the soul of the Society of Science, Letters and Arts of Pau and one of the most active on the jury ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gère-Bélesten
Gère-Bélesten is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. See also * Ossau Valley * Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department The following is a list of the 546 communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Communes of Pyrénées-Atlantiques {{PyrénéesAtlantiques-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aydie
Aydie (; oc, Aidia) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France. Geography Aydie is located some 40 km north-east of Pau and 15 km east of Garlin. The northern border of the commune is the departmental border between Pyrénées-Atlantiques and Gers and the eastern border is the border with Hautes-Pyrénées. Access to the commune is by the D292 road from Aubous to Arrosès which passes south through the west of the commune. The D317 branches off the D205 west of the commune and goes east through the commune to the village then continues east, changing to the D548 at the border, to join the D48. The commune is mainly farmland with scattered forests in the west. The ''Sager'' river forms the eastern border of the commune as it flows north to join the Adour at Saint-Mont. Several streams rise in the west of the commune and flow east to join the Sager including the ''Boutigué'' which forms part of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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