Fray Ángel María Garibay Kintana (18 June 1892 – 19 October 1967) was a Mexican

Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy * Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD * Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...

priest,

philologist Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources; it is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics (with especially strong ties to etymology). Philology is also defined as th ...

linguist Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It is called a scientific study because it entails a comprehensive, systematic, objective, and precise analysis of all aspects of language, particularly its nature and structure. Linguis ...

, historian, and scholar of

pre-Columbian In the history of the Americas, the pre-Columbian era spans from the original settlement of North and South America in the Upper Paleolithic period through European colonization, which began with Christopher Columbus's voyage of 1492. Usually, ...

Mesoamerica Mesoamerica is a historical region and cultural area in southern North America and most of Central America. It extends from approximately central Mexico through Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica ...

n cultures, specifically of the

Nahua The Nahuas () are a group of the indigenous people of Mexico, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. They comprise the largest indigenous group in Mexico and second largest in El Salvador. The Mexica (Aztecs) were of Nahua ethnicity, a ...

peoples of the central Mexican highlands. He is particularly noted for his studies and translations of conquest-era primary source documents written in Classical Nahuatl, the '' lingua franca'' of

Postclassic In Human history, world history, post-classical history refers to the period from about 500 AD to 1500, roughly corresponding to the European Middle Ages. The period is characterized by the expansion of civilizations geographically and develop ...

central Mexico and the then-dominant

Aztec The Aztecs () were a Mesoamerican culture that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521. The Aztec people included different ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl ...

empire. Alongside his former student

Miguel León-Portilla Miguel León-Portilla (22 February 1926 – 1 October 2019) was a Mexican anthropologist and historian, specializing in Aztec culture and literature of the pre-Columbian and colonial eras. Many of his works were translated to English and he was ...

, Garibay ranks as one of the pre-eminent Mexican authorities on the Nahuatl language and its literary heritage, and as one who has made a significant contribution towards the promotion and preservation of the

indigenous cultures Indigenous peoples are culturally distinct ethnic groups whose members are directly descended from the earliest known inhabitants of a particular geographic region and, to some extent, maintain the language and culture of those original people ...

and languages of

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

. Garibay and León-Portilla published texts and scholarly analysis for the study of classical Nahuatl literature, founded the journal '' Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl'', and created the ''Seminario de Cultura Náhuatl''. In the seminar, they taught fundamentals of literature and linguistics to Nahuas, who went on to create a modern Nahuatl literature. In recent years, the relationship between the development of Nahuatl literature as a field and the ideology of ''

indigenismo ''Indigenismo'' () is a political ideology in several Latin American countries which emphasizes the relationship between the nation state and indigenous nations and indigenous peoples. In some contemporary uses, it refers to the pursuit of great ...

'' and ''

mestizaje (; ; fem. ) is a term used for racial classification to refer to a person of mixed European and Indigenous American ancestry. In certain regions such as Latin America, it may also refer to people who are culturally European even though thei ...

'' has been critically examined.Lee, Jongsoo. "Mestizaje and the creation of Mexican national literature: Ángel María Garibay Kintana's Nahuatl project." Bulletin of Spanish Studies 91, no. 6 (2014): 889-912.

Works

*1937. La poesía lírica azteca. Mexico City: Bajo el signo de ábside, 1937. *1940. Poesía indígena de la altiplanicie. Mexico City: UNAM. *1958. Veinte himnos sacros de los nahuas. Los recogió de los nativos Fr. Bernardino de Sahagun, franciscano, México, UNAM, Instituto de Historia: Seminario de Cultura Náhuatl. *1961. Llave del náhuatl: colección de trozos clásicos, con gramática y vocabulario, para utilidad de los principiantes. Editorial Porrúa. *1963. Panorama literario de los pueblos nahuas. No. 22. Editorial Porrúa. *1964. La literatura de los aztecas. México: J. Mortiz. *1965. Poesía náhuatl. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Historia, Seminario de Cultura Náhuatl. *1967. "Códice Carolino": manuscrito anónimo del siglo XVI en forma de adiciones a la primera edición del" Vocabulario de Molina." ''Estudios de cultura náhuatl'' 7 (1967): 88. *1987. Historia de la literatura nahuatl: Primera parte: Étapa autónoma: de c. 1430 a 1521; Segunda parte: El Trauma de la conquista: 1521-1750. Porrúa, 1987. *1993. Poesía náhuatl. 3 vols. Mexico City: UNAM. *1997. Panorama literario de los pueblos nahuas. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa.

References

*Torres, Víctor Manuel Hernández, "Ángel María Garibay Kintana: La vida sencilla" in ''Humanismo mexicano del siglo XX, vol. I'' Alberto Saladino García (ed.) Toluca: Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México 2004, 281–292.
online edition, Proyecto Ensayo Hispánico
{{DEFAULTSORT:Garibay K., Angel Maria Mexican Mesoamericanists Latin Americanists 20th-century Mexican historians Aztec scholars 1892 births 1967 deaths Mexican people of Basque descent Linguists from Mexico Translators from Nahuatl Members of the Mexican Academy of Language People from Toluca 20th-century Mesoamericanists 20th-century translators People from the State of Mexico Linguists of Uto-Aztecan languages Historians of Mexico Historians of Mesoamerica