Unsuccessful transfer or abortive transfer is any

bacterial Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were amon ...

DNA transfer from donor cells to recipient cells that fails to survive transduction and

conjugation Conjugation or conjugate may refer to: Linguistics * Grammatical conjugation, the modification of a verb from its basic form * Emotive conjugation or Russell's conjugation, the use of loaded language Mathematics * Complex conjugation, the chang ...

. In all cases, the transferred fragment could be diluted during the proliferation phase. Failures in the integration of the transferred DNA in the

genetic material Nucleic acids are biopolymers, macromolecules, essential to all known forms of life. They are composed of nucleotides, which are the monomers made of three components: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The two main clas ...

of the recipient cells may be due to: *Failure of the incoming DNA to form a circular molecule; *Post-circularisation, the circular molecule is wrong for maintenance, making this transfer occurs as plasmids.

Gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...

s that are located on the corresponding part of the DNA can express in the recipient cells.

Dictionary definition

Rieger, Michaelis, and Green, in 1976 stated:

References

{{reflist Molecular genetics Gene expression

Dictionary definition

See also

References