transformed social interaction
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Transformed social interaction (TSI) is a research paradigm and theoretical framework related to
social interaction A social relation or also described as a social interaction or social experience is the fundamental unit of analysis within the social sciences, and describes any voluntary or involuntary interpersonal relationship between two or more individuals ...
in
virtual environment A virtual environment is a networked application that allows a user to interact with both the computing environment and the work of other users. Email Electronic mail (email or e-mail) is a method of exchanging messages ("mail") betwee ...
s.Bailenson, J.N., Beall, A.C., Loomis, J., Blascovich, J., & Turk, M. (2004)
Transformed Social Interaction: Decoupling Representation from Behavior and Form in Collaborative Virtual Environments.
''PRESENCE: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 13(4), 428-441.''


Overview

Virtual reality Virtual reality (VR) is a simulated experience that employs pose tracking and 3D near-eye displays to give the user an immersive feel of a virtual world. Applications of virtual reality include entertainment (particularly video games), educ ...
allows one to break normal rules of physical interaction because users do not actually have to share the same "reality". For example, in a
collaborative virtual environment Collaborative virtual environments are used for collaboration and interaction of possibly many participants that may be spread over large distances. Typical examples are distributed simulations, 3D multiplayer games, collaborative engineering softw ...
(CVE), a presenter can program their digital
avatar Avatar (, ; ), is a concept within Hinduism that in Sanskrit literally means "descent". It signifies the material appearance or incarnation of a powerful deity, goddess or spirit on Earth. The relative verb to "alight, to make one's appearanc ...
to maintain eye contact with every person in the audience at the same time.Bailenson, J.N., Beall., A.C., Blascovich, J., Loomis, J., & Turk, M. (2005)
Transformed Social Interaction, Augmented Gaze, and Social Influence in Immersive Virtual Environments.
''Human Communication Research'', 31, 511–537.
Because each member of the audience has their own view of the world, they would each think that the presenter was indeed looking at them all the time even though there are in fact many different versions of "reality" co-occurring at the same time. Three categories of TSI have been identified.


Self-representation TSIs

Dramatic and subtle changes to appearances or behaviors can be made to our avatars for social advantage. For example, a digital avatar could incorporate 20% or 40% of someone else's face. Studies have shown that both behavioralBailenson, J. N. & Yee, N. (2005)
Digital Chameleons: Automatic assimilation of nonverbal gestures in immersive virtual environments.
''Psychological Science'', 16, 814-819.
and visual mimicryBailenson, J.N., Garland , P., Iyengar, S., & Yee, N. (2006)
Transformed Facial Similarity as a Political Cue: A Preliminary Investigation.
''Political Psychology'', 27, 373-386.
can make a person more persuasive. Changes in digital self-representation can also be used to modify a person's own attitudes and behaviors. For example, users in tall avatars became more aggressive in a negotiation task than users in short avatars.Yee, N. & Bailenson, J.N. (2007, in press)
The Proteus Effect: Self Transformations in Virtual Reality. Human Communication Research.
/ref> And users placed in avatars of an elderly person held fewer negative stereotypes of the elderly in general.Yee, N., & Bailenson, J.N. (2006)
Walk A Mile in Digital Shoes: The Impact of Embodied Perspective-Taking on The Reduction of Negative Stereotyping in Immersive Virtual Environments.
''Proceedings of PRESENCE 2006: The 9th Annual International Workshop on Presence. August 24 – 26, Cleveland , Ohio , USA''


Social sensory abilities

A virtual environment can provide information to a person that would be considered super-human powers in real life. For example, virtual classrooms could enable teachers to monitor students' understanding by tracking their eye gaze patterns and other gestures. Or it could alert teachers when they have not maintained eye contact with certain students in the virtual classroom for a long period of time.


Environmental transformations

Because every user sees their own version of the virtual space, different users could be in different or exactly the same spatial setting. For example, in a virtual classroom, every student could be sitting right in front of the teacher. And because a digital environment can store information, students could also "rewind" to hear part of the material again.


References

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External links


Virtual Human Interaction Lab
- A research lab based at Stanford University that has an emphasis on experimental research in Transformed Social Interaction.
Research Center for Virtual Environments and Behavior
- A research lab based at UCSB that also studies Transformed Social Interaction. Virtual reality