A process is a series or set of
activities that interact to produce a result; it may occur once-only or be recurrent or periodic.
Things called a process include:
Business and management
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Business process
A business process, business method or business function is a collection of related, structured activities or tasks by people or equipment in which a specific sequence produces a service or product (serves a particular business goal) for a parti ...
, activities that produce a specific service or product for customers
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Business process modeling
Business process modeling (BPM) in business process management and systems engineering is the activity of representing processes of an enterprise, so that the current business processes may be analyzed, improved, and automated. BPM is typically ...
, activity of representing processes of an enterprise in order to deliver improvements
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Manufacturing process management, a collection of technologies and methods used to define how products are to be manufactured.
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Process architecture, structural design of processes, applies to fields such as computers, business processes, logistics, project management
*Process costing, a cost allocation procedure of
managerial accounting
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Process management, ensemble of activities of planning and monitoring the performance of a business process or manufacturing processes
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Process management (project management), a systematic series of activities directed towards causing an end result in engineering activities or project management
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Process-based management
Process-based management is a management approach that views a business as a collection of processes, managed to achieve a desired result."''Process-based Management''" Barron's Business Guides: Dictionary of Accounting Terms, Jae K. Shim et al., B ...
, is a management approach that views a business as a collection of processes
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Process industry
Industrial processes are procedures involving chemical, physical, electrical or mechanical steps to aid in the manufacturing of an item or items, usually carried out on a very large scale. Industrial processes are the key components of heavy ind ...
, a category of material-related industry
Law
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Due process, the concept that governments must respect the rule of law
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Legal process, the proceedings and records of a legal case
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Service of process, the procedure of giving official notice of a legal proceeding
Science and technology
*The general concept of the scientific process, see
scientific method
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Process theory
A process theory is a system of ideas that explains how an entity changes and develops. Process theories are often contrasted with variance theories, that is, systems of ideas that explain the variance in a dependent variable based on one or more i ...
, the scientific study of processes
* Consists of the purposeful sequencing of tasks that combine resources to produce a desired output
Biology and psychology
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Process (anatomy), a projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body
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Biological process
Biological processes are those processes that are vital for an organism to live, and that shape its capacities for interacting with its environment. Biological processes are made of many chemical reactions or other events that are involved in the ...
, a process of a living organism
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Cognitive process
Cognition refers to "the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses". It encompasses all aspects of intellectual functions and processes such as: perception, attention, thought, ...
, such as attention, memory, language use, reasoning, and problem solving
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Mental process, a function or processes of the mind
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Neuronal process
A neurite or neuronal process refers to any projection from the cell body of a neuron. This projection can be either an axon or a dendrite. The term is frequently used when speaking of immature or developing neurons, especially of cells in culture ...
, also ''neurite'', a projection from the cell body of a neuron
Chemistry
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Chemical process
In a scientific sense, a chemical process is a method or means of somehow changing one or more chemicals or chemical compounds. Such a chemical process can occur by itself or be caused by an outside force, and involves a chemical reaction of som ...
, a method or means of changing one or more chemicals or chemical compounds
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Unit process A ''unit process'' is one or more grouped operations in a manufacturing system that can be defined and separated from others.
In life-cycle assessment (LCA) and ISO 14040, a unit process is defined as "smallest element considered in the life cycle ...
, a step in manufacturing in which chemical reaction takes place
Computing
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Process (computing), a computer program, or running a program concurrently with other programs
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Child process
A child process in computing is a process created by another process (the parent process). This technique pertains to multitasking operating systems, and is sometimes called a subprocess or traditionally a subtask.
There are two major procedures ...
, created by another process
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Parent process
In computing, a parent process is a process that has created one or more child processes.
Unix-like systems
In Unix-like operating systems, every process except (the swapper) is created when another process executes the fork() system call. T ...
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Process management (computing), an integral part of any modern-day operating system (OS)
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Processing (programming language)
Processing is a free graphical library and integrated development environment (IDE) built for the electronic arts, new media art, and visual design communities with the purpose of teaching non-programmers the fundamentals of computer programmin ...
, an open-source language and integrated development environment
Mathematics
*In
probability theory
Probability theory is the branch of mathematics concerned with probability. Although there are several different probability interpretations, probability theory treats the concept in a rigorous mathematical manner by expressing it through a set ...
:
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Branching process
In probability theory, a branching process is a type of mathematical object known as a stochastic process, which consists of collections of random variables. The random variables of a stochastic process are indexed by the natural numbers. The origi ...
, a Markov process that models a population
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Diffusion process, a solution to a stochastic differential equation
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Empirical process
In probability theory, an empirical process is a stochastic process that describes the proportion of objects in a system in a given state.
For a process in a discrete state space a population continuous time Markov chain or Markov population model ...
, a stochastic process that describes the proportion of objects in a system in a given state
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Lévy process, a stochastic process with independent, stationary increments
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Poisson process, a point process consisting of randomly located points on some underlying space
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Predictable process In stochastic analysis, a part of the mathematical theory of probability, a predictable process is a stochastic process whose value is knowable at a prior time. The predictable processes form the smallest class that is closed under taking limits of ...
, a stochastic process whose value is knowable
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Stochastic process
In probability theory and related fields, a stochastic () or random process is a mathematical object usually defined as a family of random variables. Stochastic processes are widely used as mathematical models of systems and phenomena that appea ...
, a random process, as opposed to a deterministic process
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Wiener process, a continuous-time stochastic process
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Process calculus, a diverse family of related approaches for formally modeling concurrent systems
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Process function
In thermodynamics, a quantity that is well defined so as to describe the path of a process through the equilibrium state space of a thermodynamic system is termed a process function, or, alternatively, a process quantity, or a path function. As ...
, a mathematical concept used in thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
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Process function
In thermodynamics, a quantity that is well defined so as to describe the path of a process through the equilibrium state space of a thermodynamic system is termed a process function, or, alternatively, a process quantity, or a path function. As ...
, a mathematical concept used in thermodynamics
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Thermodynamic process
Classical thermodynamics considers three main kinds of thermodynamic process: (1) changes in a system, (2) cycles in a system, and (3) flow processes.
(1)A Thermodynamic process is a process in which the thermodynamic state of a system is change ...
, the energetic evolution of a thermodynamic system
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Adiabatic process
In thermodynamics, an adiabatic process (Greek: ''adiábatos'', "impassable") is a type of thermodynamic process that occurs without transferring heat or mass between the thermodynamic system and its environment. Unlike an isothermal process, a ...
, which proceeds without transfer of heat or matter between a system and its surroundings
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Isenthalpic process
An isenthalpic process or isoenthalpic process is a process that proceeds without any change in enthalpy, ''H''; or specific enthalpy, ''h''.
Overview
If a steady-state, steady-flow process is analysed using a control volume, everything outside t ...
, in which enthalpy stays constant
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Isobaric process
In thermodynamics, an isobaric process is a type of thermodynamic process in which the pressure of the system stays constant: Δ''P'' = 0. The heat transferred to the system does work, but also changes the internal energy (''U'') of t ...
, in which the pressure stays constant
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Isochoric process, in which volume stays constant
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Isothermal process, in which temperature stays constant
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Polytropic process, which obeys the equation
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Quasistatic process
In thermodynamics, a quasi-static process (also known as a quasi-equilibrium process; from the Latin ''quasi'', meaning ‘as if’), is a thermodynamic process that happens slowly enough for the system to remain in internal physical (but not n ...
, which occurs infinitely slowly, as an approximation
Other uses
*The Process, a concept in the film ''
3%''
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Food processing, transformation of raw ingredients, by physical or chemical means into food
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Language processing in the brain
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Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is an interdisciplinary subfield of linguistics, computer science, and artificial intelligence concerned with the interactions between computers and human language, in particular how to program computers to proc ...
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Praxis (process), in philosophy, the process by which a theory or skill is enacted or realized
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Process (engineering), set of interrelated tasks that transform inputs into outputs
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Process philosophy
Process philosophy, also ontology of becoming, or processism, is an approach to philosophy that identifies processes, changes, or shifting relationships as the only true elements of the ordinary, everyday real world. In opposition to the classi ...
, which regards change as the cornerstone of reality
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Process thinking, a philosophy that focuses on present circumstances
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Writing process, a concept in writing and composition studies
External links
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*{{Wiktionary-inline, processing
Business process
Business process management
Process engineering
Industrial processes
Technology-related lists
Legal procedure
Biological processes
Chemical processes
Process (computing)