Nitrogen oxide may refer to a
binary compound of
oxygen
Oxygen is the chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group in the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements ...
and
nitrogen
Nitrogen is the chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7. Nitrogen is a nonmetal and the lightest member of group 15 of the periodic table, often called the pnictogens. It is a common element in the universe, estimated at se ...
, or a mixture of such compounds:
Charge-neutral
*
Nitric oxide
Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide) is a colorless gas with the formula . It is one of the principal oxides of nitrogen. Nitric oxide is a free radical: it has an unpaired electron, which is sometimes denoted by a dot in its ...
(NO), nitrogen(II) oxide, or nitrogen monoxide
*
Nitrogen dioxide (), nitrogen(IV) oxide
*
Nitrogen trioxide (), or nitrate radical
*
Nitrous oxide
Nitrous oxide (dinitrogen oxide or dinitrogen monoxide), commonly known as laughing gas, nitrous, or nos, is a chemical compound, an oxide of nitrogen with the formula . At room temperature, it is a colourless non-flammable gas, and ha ...
(), nitrogen(0,II) oxide
*
Dinitrogen dioxide (), nitrogen(II) oxide
dimer
Dimer may refer to:
* Dimer (chemistry), a chemical structure formed from two similar sub-units
** Protein dimer, a protein quaternary structure
** d-dimer
* Dimer model, an item in statistical mechanics, based on ''domino tiling''
* Julius Dimer ( ...
*
Dinitrogen trioxide (), nitrogen(II,IV) oxide
*
Dinitrogen tetroxide
Dinitrogen tetroxide, commonly referred to as nitrogen tetroxide (NTO), and occasionally (usually among ex-USSR/Russia rocket engineers) as amyl, is the chemical compound N2O4. It is a useful reagent in chemical synthesis. It forms an equilibrium ...
(), nitrogen(IV) oxide
dimer
Dimer may refer to:
* Dimer (chemistry), a chemical structure formed from two similar sub-units
** Protein dimer, a protein quaternary structure
** d-dimer
* Dimer model, an item in statistical mechanics, based on ''domino tiling''
* Julius Dimer ( ...
*
Dinitrogen pentoxide (), nitrogen(V) oxide, or nitronium nitrate
*
Nitrosyl azide (), nitrogen(−I,0,I,II) oxide
*
Nitryl azide
Nitryl azide (tetranitrogen dioxide) is an unstable nitrogen oxide consisting of a covalent nitrogen–nitrogen bond between a nitro group and an azide. It has been detected by infrared spectroscopy as a short-lived product of the reaction betwee ...
()
*
Oxatetrazole ()
*
Trinitramide ( or ), nitrogen(0,IV) oxide
Anions
*
Nitroxide ()
*
Nitrite ( or )
*
Nitrate ()
*
Peroxynitrite ( or )
*
Peroxynitrate
Peroxynitrate (or peroxonitrate) refers to salts of the unstable peroxynitric acid, HNO4. Peroxynitrate is unstable and decomposes to nitrate and dioxygen.
No solid peroxynitrate salts are known. However, there is a report that the Russian chemist ...
( or )
*
Orthonitrate (, analogous to phosphate )
*
Hyponitrite ( or )
*
Trioxodinitrate or hyponitrate ( or )
*
Nitroxylate ( or )
*
Dinitramide ( or )
Cations
*
Nitrosonium
The nitrosonium ion is , in which the nitrogen atom is bonded to an oxygen atom with a bond order of 3, and the overall diatomic species bears a positive charge. It can be viewed as nitric oxide with one electron removed. This ion is usually ob ...
( or )
*
Nitronium
The nitronium ion, , is a cation. It is an onium ion because its nitrogen atom has +1 charge, similar to ammonium ion . It is created by the removal of an electron from the paramagnetic nitrogen dioxide molecule , or the protonation of nitri ...
( or )
Atmospheric sciences
In
atmospheric chemistry:
*
(or NO''x'') refers to the sum of
NO and
.
[
]
*
(or NO''y'') refers to the sum of and all oxidized atmospheric odd-nitrogen species (e.g. the sum of ,
,
, etc.)
* (or NO''z'') = −
Image:Nitric-oxide-3D-vdW.png,
Image:Nitrogen-dioxide-3D-vdW.png,
Image:Nitrous-oxide-3D-vdW.png,
Image:Dinitrogen-trioxide-3D-vdW.png,
Image:Dinitrogen-tetroxide-3D-vdW.png,
Image:Dinitrogen-pentoxide-3D-vdW.png,
Image:Trinitramide-3D-spacefill.png,
Stability
Due to relatively weak N–O bonding, all nitrogen oxides are unstable with respect to and , which is the principle behind the
catalytic converter
A catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device that converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction. Catalytic converters are usual ...
and prevents the
combustion
Combustion, or burning, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke. Combus ...
of the atmosphere.
See also
*
Nitrate
*
Nitrogen oxide sensor
*
Sulfur nitrides, which are valence
isoelectronic with nitrogen oxides
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nitrogen Oxide
Industrial gases
*