''Clonostachys rosea f. rosea'', also known as ''Gliocladium roseum'', is a species of

fungus A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from t ...

in the family Bionectriaceae. It colonizes living plants as an

endophyte An endophyte is an endosymbiont, often a bacterium or fungus, that lives within a plant for at least part of its life cycle without causing apparent disease. Endophytes are ubiquitous and have been found in all species of plants studied to date; h ...

, digests material in soil as a saprophyte and is also known as a

parasite Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson has ...

of other fungi and of

nematodes The nematodes ( or grc-gre, Νηματώδη; la, Nematoda) or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes), with plant-parasitic nematodes also known as eelworms. They are a diverse animal phylum inhabiting a broa ...

. It produces a wide range of

volatile organic compounds Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic compounds that have a high vapour pressure at room temperature. High vapor pressure correlates with a low boiling point, which relates to the number of the sample's molecules in the surrounding air, a t ...

which are toxic to organisms including other fungi, bacteria, and insects, and is of interest as a biological pest control agent.

Biological control

''Clonostachys rosea'' protects plants against ''

Botrytis cinerea ''Botrytis cinerea'' is a necrotrophic fungus that affects many plant species, although its most notable hosts may be wine grapes. In viticulture, it is commonly known as "botrytis bunch rot"; in horticulture, it is usually called "grey mould" o ...

'' ("grey mold") by suppressing spore production. Its hyphae have been found to coil around, penetrate, and grow inside the hyphae and conidia of ''B. cinerea''. Nematodes are infected by ''C. rosea'' when the fungus' conidia attach to their cuticle and germinate, going on to produce germ tubes which penetrate the host's body and kill it.

Biofuels

In 2008 an isolate of ''Clonostachys rosea'' (NRRL 50072) was identified as producing a series of volatile compounds that are similar to some existing fuels. However, the taxonomy of this isolate was later revised to ''

Ascocoryne sarcoides ''Ascocoryne sarcoides'' is a species of fungus in the family Helotiaceae. The species name is derived from the Greek sarkodes (fleshy). Formerly known as ''Coryne sarcoides'', its taxonomical history has been complicated by the fact that it ma ...

''.

References

External links

Index Fungorum

USDA ARS Fungal Database
{{DEFAULTSORT:Clonostachys Rosea F. Rosea Fungal plant pathogens and diseases Fungi described in 1999 Bionectriaceae Anaerobic digestion Forma taxa

Biological control

Biofuels

See also

References

External links