The emblem of the Armenian SSR was devised from an initial prototype sketch by
Martiros Saryan
Martiros Saryan ( hy, Մարտիրոս Սարյան; russian: Мартиро́с Сарья́н; – 5 May 1972) was a Soviet Armenian painter, the founder of a modern Armenian national school of painting.
Biography
He was born into an Armenia ...
, a famous Armenian painter, and was adopted in 1937 by the government of the
Armenian SSR.
Overview
The emblem prominently features
Mount Ararat
Mount Ararat or , ''Ararat''; or is a snow-capped and dormant compound volcano in the extreme east of Turkey. It consists of two major volcanic cones: Greater Ararat and Little Ararat. Greater Ararat is the highest peak in Turkey and th ...
, regarded as the national symbol of Armenia. The
white grapes shown immediately beneath Ararat represent the traditional Biblical account of the first vineyard that
Noah planted upon his descent from
his ark as a sign of rebirth of
humanity. The inner rim on the sides of the grapes includes wheat, symbolic of the land and natural resources of Armenia. Above Mount Ararat is the
hammer and sickle with the
red star behind it. Printed on the outer rim are the words "Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic" in
Armenian
Armenian may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent
** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...
(Հայկական Սովետական Սոցիալիստական Հանրապետություն ''Haykakan Sovetakan Sots’ialistakan Hanrapetut’yun'') while in the center outer rim is the motto "
Workers of the world, unite!
The political slogan "Workers of the world, unite!" is one of the rallying cries from '' The Communist Manifesto'' (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels (german: Proletarier aller Länder, vereinigt Euch!, literally "Proletarians of all c ...
" in both Armenian (Պրոլետարներ բոլոր երկրների, միացե՜ք ''Proletarner bolor yerkrneri, miats’ek’!'') and Russian (Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! ''Proletarii vsekh stran, soyedinyaytes′!'').
The inclusion of Mount Ararat brought objections from
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
because the mountain is part of its territory. The
Kremlin retorted that although the Turkish symbol was the
crescent
A crescent shape (, ) is a symbol or emblem used to represent the lunar phase in the first quarter (the "sickle moon"), or by extension a symbol representing the Moon itself.
In Hinduism, Lord Shiva is often shown wearing a crescent moon on his ...
, surely it did not mean that they laid claim to the moon.
[Louis, Victor and Jennifer. ''The Complete Guide to the Soviet Union''. New York, 1976. p. 98]
The emblem was changed in 1992 to the present
coat of arms of Armenia
The national coat of arms of Armenia ( hy, Հայաստանի զինանշանը, ''Hayastani zinanshan'') was adopted on April 19, 1992, by resolution of the Armenian Supreme Council. On June 15, 2006, the Armenian Parliament passed the law on t ...
which partially retains the Soviet one.
History
First revision
The Constitution of the Armenian SSR, adopted by the First Congress of the Soviets of Armenia on February 2, 1922, approved the description of the coat of arms of Armenian SSR. The emblem was an image of the ridges of the Greater and Lesser Masis (Ararat), over which, in the rays of the rising sun, there was a sickle and a hammer, at the foot - a bush of grapes with vines and leaves, ears of wheat, olive branches. Around the coat of arms on the margins there were inscriptions in Armenian "The Socialist Soviet Republic of Armenia" and "Proletarians of all countries, unite!"
The name of the republic in Armenian on the coat of arms of 1922 was read as "''Hayastani Socialist Khordhayin Hanrapetutiun''" (Socialist Soviet Republic of Armenia).
The image of the arms was made by
Martiros Saryan
Martiros Saryan ( hy, Մարտիրոս Սարյան; russian: Мартиро́с Сарья́н; – 5 May 1972) was a Soviet Armenian painter, the founder of a modern Armenian national school of painting.
Biography
He was born into an Armenia ...
and
Hakob Kojoyan
Hakob Kojoyan ( hy, Հակոբ Կոջոյան; December 13, 1883 – April 24, 1959) was an Armenian artist.
He mostly worked in the genres of painting and applied art. Hakob Kojoyan assisted Armenian architect Alexander Tamanian in creating the ...
.
On banknotes of the Socialist Soviet Republic of Armenia in 1922, the version of the emblem was depicted. The abbreviation of the republic's name was placed in the upper part of the emblem in the rays of the sun, below the background of the mountains a sickle and a hammer, under them is the motto. On banknotes of 5.000.000 rubles of the same year, 1922, the image of a round coat of arms was used as a background, where the hammer and sickle were already depicted above the mountains.
Another revision on the emblem can be found on the Constitution of Armenian SSR, which was created on 26 May 1926 and approved by the 5th Congress of the Soviets of the USSR, April 3, 1927. The coat of arms is described as:
Second revision
In 1927, the order of words in the name of the republic changed. The "Socialist Soviet Republic of Armenia" was replaced by the "Armenian Socialist Soviet Republic".
Third revision
The extraordinary IX Congress of Soviets of the Armenian SSR adopted on March 23, 1937, a new Constitution. The coat of arms was changed: an olive wreath was replaced with grain ears, the disk of the rising sun and its rays were removed from the picture, the sickle and hammer were illuminated with a five-pointed star, the inscription "Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic" ("''Hayastani Socialist Khordhayin Hanrapetutiun''", ''HSKH'' in Armenian) and "Workers of all countries, unite!" (in Armenian and Russian languages).
Fourth revision
The decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR of September 6, 1940, established a new translation of the words "countries" in the Armenian language in the motto of the emblem, and on March 29, 1941, the design of the emblem with the new version of the motto was approved.
On the coat of arms, the Armenian words of "Soviet" and "republic" were changed. A new version of the name of the republic in Armenian: "''Haykakan Sovetakan Sotsialistakan Respublika''" (''HSSR'').
Fifth revision
Since 1966, the word "Republic" has been translated again into the old language until the end of the Armenian SSR and for the first time, the Republic of Armenia had the inscription "''Haykakan Sovetakan Socialistan Hanrapetutiun''" (''HSSH'') on the coat of arms.
Article 120 of the Constitution of the Armenian SSR described the arms of the Republic as follows:
In the Constitution of 1977 it was specified that the rays on the coat of arms are sunny.
See also
*
Coat of arms of Armenia
The national coat of arms of Armenia ( hy, Հայաստանի զինանշանը, ''Hayastani zinanshan'') was adopted on April 19, 1992, by resolution of the Armenian Supreme Council. On June 15, 2006, the Armenian Parliament passed the law on t ...
*
Flag of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic
References
{{Coat of arms of the Soviet Republics
Armenian SSR
National symbols of Armenia
Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic
Armenian SSR
Armenian SSR
Armenian SSR
Armenian SSR
Armenian SFSR
Armenian SSR
Mount Ararat