''Effets de soir'' (also called ''effets de soir et de matin'') are the effects of light caused by the

sunset Sunset, also known as sundown, is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon due to Earth's rotation. As viewed from everywhere on Earth (except the North and South poles), the equinox Sun sets due west at the moment of both the spr ...

twilight Twilight is light produced by sunlight scattering in the upper atmosphere, when the Sun is below the horizon, which illuminates the lower atmosphere and the Earth's surface. The word twilight can also refer to the periods of time when this i ...

, or darkness of the early

evening Evening is the period of a day that starts at the end of the afternoon and overlaps with the beginning of night. The exact times when evening begins and ends depend on location, time of year, and culture, but it is generally regarded as beginn ...

matins Matins (also Mattins) is a canonical hour in Christian liturgy, originally sung during the darkness of early morning. The earliest use of the term was in reference to the canonical hour, also called the vigil, which was originally celebrated ...

. They appear frequently in works by such

painter Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ...

s as

Vincent van Gogh Vincent Willem van Gogh (; 30 March 185329 July 1890) was a Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who posthumously became one of the most famous and influential figures in Western art history. In a decade, he created about 2,100 artworks, inc ...

, Bernhard Fries,Cosmovisions website on B. Fries
in French). Retrieved October 16, 2008.

Armand Guillaumin Armand Guillaumin (; February 16, 1841 – June 26, 1927) was a French impressionist painter and lithographer. Biography Early years Born Jean-Baptiste Armand Guillaumin in Paris, he worked at his uncle's lingerie shop while attending even ...

, and

Camille Corot Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot ( , , ; July 16, 1796 – February 22, 1875), or simply Camille Corot, is a French landscape and portrait painter as well as a printmaker in etching. He is a pivotal figure in landscape painting and his vast o ...

.Cosmovisions website on Corot
(in French). Retrieved October 16, 2008. Literally, it means "effects of evening" in

French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...

. This was part of a group of techniques used by Impressionists such as

impasto ''Impasto'' is a technique used in painting, where paint is laid on an area of the surface thickly, usually thick enough that the brush or painting-knife strokes are visible. Paint can also be mixed right on the canvas. When dry, impasto provide ...

, ''

en plein air ''En plein air'' (; French for 'outdoors'), or ''plein air'' painting, is the act of painting outdoors. This method contrasts with studio painting or academic rules that might create a predetermined look. The theory of 'En plein air' painting ...

'', color theory, and thick strokes of oil paint on canvas. In 2008, the

Museum of Modern Art The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on 53rd Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. It plays a major role in developing and collecting modern art, and is often identified as one of t ...

curated a major exhibit of van Gogh's work of ''effets de soir''.MoMA press release
. Retrieved October 16, 2008."MoMA Presents First Exhibition to Examine Van Gogh's Nocturnal Landscapes and Interiors", ''

Art Daily Art is a diverse range of human activity, and resulting product, that involves creative or imaginative talent expressive of technical proficiency, beauty, emotional power, or conceptual ideas. There is no generally agreed definition of what ...

'', se
Art Daily website
Retrieved October 16, 2008.Will Hubbard, "In Which The Nighttime Is The Right Time For Brushwork," September 23, 2008, found a
Wordpress website
Retrieved October 16, 2008. The exhibit included such iconic paintings as ''

The Potato Eaters ''The Potato Eaters'' ( nl, De Aardappeleters) is an oil painting by Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh painted in April 1885 in Nuenen, Netherlands. It is in the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. The original oil sketch of the painting is at the Kröl ...

'', ''The Sower (Van Gogh)'', ''

Starry Night Over the Rhone Starry may refer to: * ''Starry'' (The Killjoys album), 1994 * Starry (Purr Machine album) *Donn A. Starry (1925–2011), United States Army general *Starry Lee (born 1974), Hong Kong politician *Starry Internet, a fixed wireless ISP service See ...

''WebExhibits page 595
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The Starry Night ''The Starry Night'' ( nl, De sterrennacht) is an oil-on-canvas painting by the Dutch Post-Impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh. Painted in June 1889, it depicts the view from the east-facing window of his asylum room at Saint-Rémy-de-Prove ...

'', and '' The Night Cafe''.

Gallery of images

All of the following are by Vincent van Gogh, unless otherwise noted: Image:The Potato Eaters - Vincent van Gogh - .jpg, Study for ''

'' Image:Starry Night Over the Rhone.jpg, ''

'' Image:VanGogh-starry night ballance1.jpg, ''

'' Image:Vincent Willem van Gogh 076.jpg, '' The Night Cafe'' Image:Guillaumin SoleilCouchantAIvry.jpg,

, (1841-1927), ''Sunset at Ivry (Soleil couchant à Ivry)''

References

External links

MoMA website

{{Impressionists Art history Paintings by Vincent van Gogh French words and phrases Composition in visual art

See also

Gallery of images

References

External links