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This is a list of the top officials in charge of the finances of the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University ...
, called ( Turkish for bookkeepers; from the Persian , + ) between the 14th and 19th centuries and ''Maliye Naziri'' (
Minister of Finance A finance minister is an executive or cabinet position in charge of one or more of government finances, economic policy and financial regulation. A finance minister's portfolio has a large variety of names around the world, such as "treasury", ...
) between 19th and 20th centuries. They were originally in charge of the
defter A ''defter'' (plural: ''defterler'') was a type of tax register and land cadastre in the Ottoman Empire. Description The information collected could vary, but ''tahrir defterleri'' typically included details of villages, dwellings, household ...
s (tax registers) in the Ottoman Empire, hence the name .


History of the office

The exact date of the formal establishment of the office is unknown. According to some sources, the first ''defterdar'' was the ''Kadı'' (judge) of Mihaliç, Çelebi bin Mehmed, appointed in 1359 or 1360, during the reign of
Murad I Murad I ( ota, مراد اول; tr, I. Murad, Murad-ı Hüdavendigâr (nicknamed ''Hüdavendigâr'', from fa, خداوندگار, translit=Khodāvandgār, lit=the devotee of God – meaning "sovereign" in this context); 29 June 1326 – 15 Jun ...
. During the reign of
Bayezid I Bayezid I ( ota, بايزيد اول, tr, I. Bayezid), also known as Bayezid the Thunderbolt ( ota, link=no, یلدیرم بايزيد, tr, Yıldırım Bayezid, link=no; – 8 March 1403) was the Ottoman Sultan from 1389 to 1402. He adopted ...
(1389–1402), the poet Zahiri is mentioned as the ''defterdar''. In the classical period, the finances of the Empire were organized under a single ''Defterdar'', literally the main bookkeeper, in charge of a single imperial treasury (''Hazine-i Amire''). Starting in 1793, smaller treasuries independent of the imperial treasury were organized, each with a separate ''defterdar'' in charge. In 1837, a modern ministry was founded under the name of ''Maliye Nezareti'', merging most of the independent treasuries back to the Imperial Treasury. In 1840, the merging of the remaining independent treasuries was completed.


Rank and title

Ministers of Finance in the classical period were called ''Defterdar'', were members of the '' Divan-ı Hümayun'' and held rank higher than agha (military commander of the central organization, situated in Istanbul) and bey (provincial governor), and lower than
vizier A vizier (; ar, وزير, wazīr; fa, وزیر, vazīr), or wazir, is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the near east. The Abbasid caliphs gave the title ''wazir'' to a minister formerly called '' katib'' (secretary), who was ...
and
kazasker A kazasker or kadıasker ( ota, قاضی عسكر, ''ḳāḍī'asker'', "military judge") was a chief judge in the Ottoman Empire, so named originally because his jurisdiction extended to the cases of soldiers, who were later tried only by their ...
(chief judge). Starting from 1837, Ministers of Finance were called ''Maliye Nazırı'', held the rank of
vizier A vizier (; ar, وزير, wazīr; fa, وزیر, vazīr), or wazir, is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the near east. The Abbasid caliphs gave the title ''wazir'' to a minister formerly called '' katib'' (secretary), who was ...
, and were titled
Pasha Pasha, Pacha or Paşa ( ota, پاشا; tr, paşa; sq, Pashë; ar, باشا), in older works sometimes anglicized as bashaw, was a higher rank in the Ottoman political and military system, typically granted to governors, generals, dignita ...
.


List of Defterdars (until 1837)

The office of the Defterdar continued until 1837.


Reign of Sultan

Mehmed II Mehmed II ( ota, محمد ثانى, translit=Meḥmed-i s̱ānī; tr, II. Mehmed, ; 30 March 14323 May 1481), commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror ( ota, ابو الفتح, Ebū'l-fetḥ, lit=the Father of Conquest, links=no; tr, Fâtih Su ...

*Titrek Sinan Çelebi (1452–1459) * Hekim Yakup Pasha (1459) *Osman Çelebi (1461) *Fenarı–zade Ahmed Çelebi (1474–1479) *Nureddin Hamza Ibn–i Ali Efendi (Leys Çelebi) (1479–1482), 1st term


Reign of Sultan

Bayezid II Bayezid II ( ota, بايزيد ثانى, Bāyezīd-i s̱ānī, 3 December 1447 – 26 May 1512, Turkish: ''II. Bayezid'') was the eldest son and successor of Mehmed II, ruling as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512. During his reign, B ...

*Feylezof–zade Ahmed Çelebi (1482–1485) *Isa Fakih (1485–1486) *Nureddin Hamza Ibn–i Ali Efendi (Leys Çelebi) (1486–1492), 2nd term *Cendereci–zade/Çandarlı Şemseddin (1492–1495) *Nureddin Hamza Ibn–i Ali Efendi (Leys Çelebi) (1495–1499), 3rd term *Ahmed Çelebi (1499–1501), 1st term *Hüseyin Çelebi (1501–1502) *Taci Bey (1502) *Nureddin Hamza Ibn–i Ali Efendi (Leys Çelebi) (1502–1504), 4th term *Cezeri–zade Koca Kasım Safı Pasha (1504), 1st term *Hüsameddin Çelebi (1511) *
Piri Mehmed Pasha Piri Mehmed Pasha (1465 – 1532 Silivri) was an Ottoman Turk statesman, and grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1518 to 1523.İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, Türkiye Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1971, p. 15. (Turkish) Biogra ...
(1511)


Reign of Sultan

Selim I Selim I ( ota, سليم الأول; tr, I. Selim; 10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute ( tr, links=no, Yavuz Sultan Selim), was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. Despite las ...

*Piri Mehmed Çelebi (1512–1520), continued from previous reign *Şemsi Bey/Pasha (1514–1516) *Iskender Çelebi (1516–1517) *Çömlekçi–zade Kemalettin Çelebi (1517–1518) *Hoca–zade Mehmed Çelebi (1518–1519) *Abdülkerim–zade Abdülvehhab Hayali Çelebi (1519) *Cezeri–zade Koca Kasım Safı Pasha (1519), 2nd term *Ahmed Çelebi (1519–1520), 2nd term


Reign of Sultan

Suleiman the Magnificent Suleiman I ( ota, سليمان اول, Süleyman-ı Evvel; tr, I. Süleyman; 6 November 14946 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the West and Suleiman the Lawgiver ( ota, قانونى سلطان سليمان, Ḳ ...

*Ahmed Çelebi (1520–1521), continued from previous reign *Mehmed Çelebi (1521–1525) *Abdülselam Çelebi (1525) * Iskender Çelebi (1525 – March 1535) *Mustafa Çelebi (1534–1536) *Ramazan–zade Yeşilce Mehmed Çelebi (1536–1537) *Nazlı Mahmud Çelebi (1537–1542), 1st term *Ibrahim Çelebi/Pasha (1542–1544) *Nazlı Mahmud Çelebi (1544–1546), 2nd term *Sinan Çelebi Pasha (1546–1548) *Çivi–zade Abdullah/Abdi Çelebi (1548–1553) *Lütfi Bey/Çelebi (1553–1556) *Hasan Çelebi (1556–1557) *Muytab–zade Ahmed Çelebi (1557) *Eğri Abdi–zade Mehmed Bey/Çelebi (1557–1561) *Baba Nakkaş–zade Derviş Çelebi (1561–1562), 1st term *Murad Çelebi (1562–1566)


Reign of Sultan

Selim II Selim II (Ottoman Turkish: سليم ثانى ''Selīm-i sānī'', tr, II. Selim; 28 May 1524 – 15 December 1574), also known as Selim the Blond ( tr, Sarı Selim) or Selim the Drunk ( tr, Sarhoş Selim), was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire f ...

*Murad Çelebi (1566), continued from previous reign *Ebu'l–fazl Mehmed Çelebi (1566–1569) *Baba Nakkaş–zade Derviş Çelebi (1569–1573), 2nd term *Lale–i izar/Lalezar–zade/Laleli–zade Mehmed Çelebi (1573–1575), 1st term


Reign of

Murad III Murad III ( ota, مراد ثالث, Murād-i sālis; tr, III. Murad; 4 July 1546 – 16 January 1595) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1574 until his death in 1595. His rule saw battles with the Habsburgs and exhausting wars with the Sa ...

* (1575–1578), 1st term *Lale–i izar/Lalezar–zade/Laleli–zade Mehmed Çelebi (1578–1581), 2nd term * (1581–1582), 2nd term *Okçu–zade Mehmed Pasha (1582) *
Maktul Hacı Ibrahim Pasha Ibrahim Pasha (also known as Hacı Ibrahim Pasha or Maktul Ibrahim Pasha or among his Arab subjects as Ibrahim Pasha al-Maqtul, ''Maktul'' meaning the Slain; died 24 September 1604) was an Ottoman statesman who served shortly as the governor o ...
(1582–1583), 1st term *Mahmud Efendi/Çelebi (1583–1585), 1st term *Hüsrev Bey (1585) *Burhaneddin Efendi/Pasha (1585–1586), 1st term * (1586–1587), 3rd term *Ramazan Efendi/Pasha (1587), 1st term *
Maktul Hacı Ibrahim Pasha Ibrahim Pasha (also known as Hacı Ibrahim Pasha or Maktul Ibrahim Pasha or among his Arab subjects as Ibrahim Pasha al-Maqtul, ''Maktul'' meaning the Slain; died 24 September 1604) was an Ottoman statesman who served shortly as the governor o ...
(1587–1588), 2nd term *Ramazan Efendi/Pasha (1588), 2nd term *Mahmud Efendi/Çelebi (1588–1589), 2nd term *
Emir Mehmed Pasha Seyyid ''Sayyid'' (, ; ar, سيد ; ; meaning 'sir', 'Lord', 'Master'; Arabic plural: ; feminine: ; ) is a surname of people descending from the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali, sons of ...
(1589–1593), 1st term *
Maktul Hacı Ibrahim Pasha Ibrahim Pasha (also known as Hacı Ibrahim Pasha or Maktul Ibrahim Pasha or among his Arab subjects as Ibrahim Pasha al-Maqtul, ''Maktul'' meaning the Slain; died 24 September 1604) was an Ottoman statesman who served shortly as the governor o ...
(1593–1594), 3rd term *Nuh Pasha (1594–1595)


Reign of Sultan

Mehmed III Mehmed III (, ''Meḥmed-i sālis''; tr, III. Mehmed; 26 May 1566 – 22 December 1603) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1595 until his death in 1603. Mehmed was known for ordering the execution of his brothers and leading the army in the L ...

*Baş–Hasan Efendi/Pasha (1595) *
Emir Mehmed Pasha Seyyid ''Sayyid'' (, ; ar, سيد ; ; meaning 'sir', 'Lord', 'Master'; Arabic plural: ; feminine: ; ) is a surname of people descending from the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali, sons of ...
(1595), 2nd term *Mezbeleturpu Mahmud Efendi/Pasha (1595–1596) *
Maktul Hacı Ibrahim Pasha Ibrahim Pasha (also known as Hacı Ibrahim Pasha or Maktul Ibrahim Pasha or among his Arab subjects as Ibrahim Pasha al-Maqtul, ''Maktul'' meaning the Slain; died 24 September 1604) was an Ottoman statesman who served shortly as the governor o ...
(1596), 4th term *Ali Çavuş/Efendi (1596–1597) *Tophaneli Mahmud Efendi/Pasha (1597), 1st term *Ali Çavuş/Efendi (1597) *Tophaneli Mahmud Efendi/Pasha (1597–1598), 2nd term *Tezkireci–zade Mahmud Pasha (1598–1599) *Burhaneddin Pasha (1599–1600), 2nd term *Tophaneli Mahmud Efendi/Pasha (1600–1603), 3rd term


Reign of Sultan

Ahmed I Ahmed I ( ota, احمد اول '; tr, I. Ahmed; 18 April 1590 – 22 November 1617) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 until his death in 1617. Ahmed's reign is noteworthy for marking the first breach in the Ottoman tradition of royal ...

*Tophaneli Mahmud Efendi/Pasha (1603), continued from previous reign *Musa Çelebi–zade Mehmed Pasha (1603–1604) *Hafız Mahmud Efendi (1604–1605) *Tophaneli Mahmud Efendi/Pasha (1605–1606), 4th term *Etmekçi/Ekmekçi–zade Ahmed Pasha (1606–1613) *Lanka–zade Mustafa Efendi (1614–1615), 1st term *Abdülbaki/Baki Efendi/Pasha (1614–1615), 1st term *Lanka–zade Mustafa Efendi (1615–1616), 2nd term *Rizeli Hasan Pasha (1617), 1st term


1st Reign of Sultan

Mustafa I Mustafa I (; ‎; 1600, Constantinople – 20 January 1639, Constantinople), called Mustafa the Saint (Veli Mustafa) during his second reign, and often called Mustafa the Mad (Deli Mustafa) by historians, was the son of Sultan Mehmed III and ...

*Rizeli Hasan Pasha (1618), continued from previous reign *Yahnikapan Abdulkerim Efendi/Pasha (1618), 1st term


Reign of Sultan

Osman II Osman II ( ota, عثمان ثانى ''‘Osmān-i sānī''; tr, II. Osman; 3 November 1604 – 20 May 1622), also known as Osman the Young ( tr, Genç Osman), was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 26 February 1618 until his regicide on 20 May 162 ...

*Yahnikapan Abdulkerim Efendi/Pasha (1619), continued from previous reign *Rizeli Hasan Pasha (1620–1621), 2nd term *Abdulbaki/Baki Pasha (1621–1622), 2nd term


2nd Reign of Sultan

Mustafa I Mustafa I (; ‎; 1600, Constantinople – 20 January 1639, Constantinople), called Mustafa the Saint (Veli Mustafa) during his second reign, and often called Mustafa the Mad (Deli Mustafa) by historians, was the son of Sultan Mehmed III and ...

*Rizeli Hasan Pasha (1622–1624), 3rd term


Reign of Sultan Murad IV

*Abdulbaki/Baki Pasha (1624–1625), 3rd term *Yahnikapan Abdulkerim Pasha (1625), 2nd term *Ebubekir Efendi/Pasha (1625), 1st term *Ömer Pasha (1625–1626) *Ebubekir Efendi/Pasha (1626–1629), 2nd term *Softa Mustafa Pasha (1629–1632) *Hüseyin Efendi (1632) *Prevezeli Mustafa Pasha (1632–1633) *Mostarlı Ibrahim Pasha (1633–1636) *
Sofu Mehmet Pasha Sofu Mehmed Pasha (died August 1649), also known as Mevlevi Mehmed Pasha, was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier and defterdar (finance minister). Early years He was a chamberlain/deputy ('' kethüda'') of a ''defterdar'' (the ...
(1636–1639) *Defterdarzade Ibrahim Pasha (1639)


Reign of Sultan

Ibrahim Ibrahim ( ar, إبراهيم, links=no ') is the Arabic name for Abraham, a Biblical patriarch and prophet in Islam. For the Islamic view of Ibrahim, see Abraham in Islam. Ibrahim may also refer to: * Ibrahim (name), a name (and list of people w ...

* Ebe Damadı Ibrahim Efendi (1644) * Hasanzade Efendi (1644) *
Nevesinli Salih Pasha Nevesinli Salih Pasha ( sh, Salih-paša Nevesinjac; , died 16 September 1647) was an Ottoman civil servant and grand vizier. Early years Salih Pasha was from Nevesinje, Sanjak of Herzegovina, Bosnia Eyalet, and was sent to Constantinople at ...
(1644–1645) *
Hezarpare Ahmet Pasha Tezkereci Ahmed Pasha (died 8 August 1648), better known as Hezarpare Ahmed Pasha after his death, was an Ottoman grand vizier and defterdar (finance minister). Early life Ahmed was a son of a professional soldier of probable Albanian origin ...
(1646–1647) * Halıcızade Mehmed Pasha (1647–1648), 1st term


Reign of Sultan

Mehmed IV Mehmed IV ( ota, محمد رابع, Meḥmed-i rābi; tr, IV. Mehmed; 2 January 1642 – 6 January 1693) also known as Mehmed the Hunter ( tr, Avcı Mehmed) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1648 to 1687. He came to the throne at the a ...

* Halıcızade Mehmed Pasha (1651–1652), 2nd term * Halıcızade Mehmed Pasha (1656), 3rd term *
Halıcı Damadı Mustafa Pasha Halıcı () or Halici is a Turkish surname. It is derived from the Turkish noun of Persian origin halı (cf. fa, قالی (qâli)) with the meaning "carpet" by adding the Turkish agentive suffix -cı and originally denoted a person either weavi ...
(1656) * Cebeci Ahmed Pasha (1661–1675)


List of Ministers of Finance (1837 and later)

In 1837, a modern ministry was founded under the name of ''Maliye Nezareti'' (Ministry of Finance).Son Dönem Osmanlı Erkan ve Ricali (1839 - 1922) Prosopografik Rehber, Sinan Kuneralp, ISIS Press, İstanbul, , 1999


Reign of Sultan

Mahmud II Mahmud II ( ota, محمود ثانى, Maḥmûd-u s̠ânî, tr, II. Mahmud; 20 July 1785 – 1 July 1839) was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839. His reign is recognized for the extensive administrative, ...

* Abdurrahman Nafiz Pasha (March 1838 – September 1839), 1st term


Reign of Sultan

Abdülmecid I Abdulmejid I ( ota, عبد المجيد اول, ʿAbdü'l-Mecîd-i evvel, tr, I. Abdülmecid; 25 April 182325 June 1861) was the 31st Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and succeeded his father Mahmud II on 2 July 1839. His reign was notable for the r ...

* Ibrahim Saib Pasha (September 1839 – February 1841) * Musa Saffeti Pasha (February 1841 – September 1845) * Abdurrahman Nafiz Pasha (September 1845 – February 1847), 2nd term *
Ibrahim Sarim Pasha İbrahim Sarim Pasha (1801–1853) was an Ottoman statesman A statesman or stateswoman typically is a politician who has had a long and respected political career at the national or international level. Statesman or Statesmen may also refer to ...
(February 1847 – February 1848) *
Sadık Rıfat Pasha Sadık Rıfat Pasha (October 25, 1807 – February 11, 1857), was an Ottoman marshal, statesman and diplomat, who was twice Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire. Sadık Rifat Pasha's career was initially in line with the three statesmen of the Ta ...
(March 1848 – April 1848) * Hüseyin Hüsnü Efendi (February 1849 – August 1849) * Mehmed Halid Efendi (June 1850 – August 1951) * Ahmed Muhtar Itisami Pasha (October 1852 – November 1853), 1st term * Musa Safveti Pasha (November 1853 – November 1854) * Ali Şefik Pasha (December 1854 – May 1855) * Ahmed Muhtar Itisami Pasha (May 1855 – December 1856), 2nd term * Mehmed Hasib Pasha (July 1857 – March 1858), 1st term *Mehmed Hasib Pasha (February 1859 – June 1860), 2nd term * Taşcızade Mehmed Tevfik Pasha (November 1860 – November 1861)


Reign of

Abdülaziz Abdulaziz ( ota, عبد العزيز, ʿAbdü'l-ʿAzîz; tr, Abdülaziz; 8 February 18304 June 1876) was the 32nd Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and reigned from 25 June 1861 to 30 May 1876, when he was overthrown in a government coup. He was a ...

* Ebubekir Mümtaz Efendi (November 1861 – June 1862) * Hüseyin Mecid Efendi (June 1862 – July 1862) * Mehmed Nevres Pasha (July 1862 – January 1863) *
Mustafa Fazl Pasha Mustafa ( ar, مصطفى , Muṣṭafā) is one of the names of Prophet Muhammad, and the name means "chosen, selected, appointed, preferred", used as an Arabic given name and surname. Mustafa is a common name in the Muslim world. Given name Mou ...
(January 1863 – March 1864), 1st term * Mehmed Kani Pasha (March 1864 – April 1865), 1st term * Mehmed Hurşid Pasha (April 1865 – December 1865) * Şirvanlızade Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha (December 1865 – February 1869), 1st term * Mehmed Sadık Pasha (February 1869 – August 1870), 1st term *
Mustafa Fazl Pasha Mustafa ( ar, مصطفى , Muṣṭafā) is one of the names of Prophet Muhammad, and the name means "chosen, selected, appointed, preferred", used as an Arabic given name and surname. Mustafa is a common name in the Muslim world. Given name Mou ...
(August 1870 – January 1871), 2nd term * Şirvanlızade Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha (January 1871 – June 1871), 2nd term *
Ahmed Hamdi Pasha Ahmed Hamdi Pasha (1826–1885) was an Ottoman monarchist, administrator and conservative statesman during the First Constitutional Era. Biography He was the governor of İzmir from 1873 to 1874. From 1875 to 8 May 1876, and from 1880 to 1885, ...
(June – August 1871), 1st term * Mehmed Sadık Pasha (August 1871 – November 1871), 2nd term * (November 1871 – February 1872), 1st term * (February 1872 – May 1872), 1st term *
Emin Pasha 185px, Schnitzer in 1875 Mehmed Emin Pasha (born Isaak Eduard Schnitzer, baptized Eduard Carl Oscar Theodor Schnitzer; March 28, 1840 – October 23, 1892) was an Ottoman physician of German Jewish origin, naturalist, and governor of the Egyp ...
(May 1872 – August 1872) *
Ahmed Hamdi Pasha Ahmed Hamdi Pasha (1826–1885) was an Ottoman monarchist, administrator and conservative statesman during the First Constitutional Era. Biography He was the governor of İzmir from 1873 to 1874. From 1875 to 8 May 1876, and from 1880 to 1885, ...
(April 1873 – March 1874), 2nd term * (March 1874 – April 1876), 2nd term


Reign of

Murad V Murad V ( ota, مراد خامس, translit=Murâd-ı ḫâmis; tr, V. Murad; 21 September 1840 – 29 August 1904) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire who reigned from 30 May to 31 August 1876. The son of Abdulmejid I, he supported the ...

* (April 1876 – January 1877), 2nd term


Reign of

Abdulhamid II Abdülhamid or Abdul Hamid II ( ota, عبد الحميد ثانی, Abd ül-Hamid-i Sani; tr, II. Abdülhamid; 21 September 1842 10 February 1918) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 31 August 1876 to 27 April 1909, and the last sultan to ...

* Mehmed Kani Pasha (January – August 1878), 2nd term * Ahmet Zühdü Pasha (August 1878 – February 1879), 1st term *Ahmet Zühdü Pasha (May – November 1879), 2nd term * Ibrahim Edib Efendi (November 1879 – May 1880), 1st term * (May 1880 – January 1881) * Hüseyin Tevfik Pasha (January – July 1881), 1st term * Ahmet Münir Pasha (July 1881 – November 1882), 1st term * Mehmet Münir Bey (November 30, 1882 – December 3, 1882) * Ibrahim Edib Efendi (December 3–6, 1882), 2nd term * Ahmet Münir Pasha (December 1882 – August 1885), 2nd term * Agop Ohannes Kazasyan Pasha (August 28–30, 1885), 1st term * Mustafa Zihni Pasha (September 30, 1885 – December 1886) * Agop Ohannes Kazasyan Pasha (December 1886 – March 1887), 2nd term * (December 1887 – August 1888) ** He embezzled funds and therefore received an official termination. He would have otherwise received capital punishment, but he paid a fine to avoid it.
Evangelia Balta Evangelia Balta (born 24 July 1955, Kavala) is a Greek historian. Her researches focus on Ottoman socio-economic history, Rûm Orthodox culture in Anatolia, and Karamanlidika Studies. She is an honorary member of the Turkish Historical Society ...
and Ayșe Kavak, authors of "Publisher of the newspaper Konstantinoupolis for half a century," wrote that the fine was "large" and that the newspaper ''
Servet Servet is the Turkish and Albanian (name) People named Servet include: ;Given name * Ethem Servet Boral (1876–1956?), Ottoman officer * Servet Coşkun (born 1990), Turkish sport wrestler * Servet Çetin (born 1981), Turkish footballer * Servet ...
'' had a "militant stance" on the behavior. - Volume 12 of Bamberger Orientstudien // cited: p
44
* Agop Kazazyan Pasha (August 1888 – March 1891) * Ahmet Nazif Pasha (March 1891 – November 1895), 1st term * Hüseyin Sabri Bey (November 1895 – January 1896), 1st term * Ahmet Nazif Pasha (January 1896 – October 1897), 2nd term * Hüseyin Tevfik Pasha (October 1897 – August 1898), 2nd term * Ahmet Reşad Pasha (August 1898 – April 1901), 1st term *Ahmed Reşad Pasha (September 1901 – October 1904), 2nd term * Mehmet Ziya Pasha (December 1905 – 3 August 1908), 1st term * Mehmet Ragıb Bey (August 3–7, 1908) * Mehmet Ziya Pasha (August 7, 1908 – February 1909), 2nd term * Mehmet Rifat Bey (February 1909 – April 1909), 1st term * Osman Nuri Bey (April 1909)


Reign of Sultan

Mehmed V Mehmed V Reşâd ( ota, محمد خامس, Meḥmed-i ḫâmis; tr, V. Mehmed or ; 2 November 1844 – 3 July 1918) reigned as the 35th and penultimate Ottoman Sultan (). He was the son of Sultan Abdulmejid I. He succeeded his half-brother Ab ...

* Mehmed Rifat Bey (May 1909 – July 1909), 2nd term * Mehmet Cavit Bey (July 1909 – October 1911), 1st term * Mustafa Nail Bey (October 1911 – July 1912) * (July 1912 – January 1913), 1st term * Mehmet Cavit Bey (March 1914 – November 1914), 2nd term *
Talaat Pasha Mehmed Talaat (1 September 187415 March 1921), commonly known as Talaat Pasha or Talat Pasha,; tr, Talat Paşa, links=no was an Ottoman politician and convicted war criminal of the late Ottoman Empire who served as its leader from 1913 t ...
(November 1914 – February 1917)


Reign of Sultan

Mehmed VI Mehmed VI Vahideddin ( ota, محمد سادس ''Meḥmed-i sâdis'' or ''Vaḥîdü'd-Dîn''; tr, VI. Mehmed or /; 14 January 1861 – 16 May 1926), also known as Şahbaba () among the Osmanoğlu family, was the 36th and last Sultan of the ...

* (November 1918 – February 1919), 2nd term * Mehmet Ata Bey (February 1919 – March 1919) * Mehmet Tevfik Biren (March 1919 – March 1920), 1st term * Faik Nüzhet Bey (March – April 1920), 1st term * Ahmed Reşad Bey (April – August 1920) *
Mehmed Nazif Bey Mehmed (modern Turkish language, Turkish: Mehmet) is the most common Bosnian and Turkish form of the Arabic name Muhammad (name), Muhammad ( ar, محمد) (''Muhammed'' and ''Muhammet'' are also used, though considerably less) and gains its signi ...
(August 1920 – September 1920) * Raşid Bey (October 1920 – January 1921) * Hüseyin Sabri Bey (September 1920 – October 1920), 2nd term * Abdullah Lami Bey (January 1921 – June 1921) * Faik Nüzhet Bey (August 1921 – April 1922), 2nd term * Mehmet Tevfik Biren (April 1922 – November 1922), 2nd term


See also

*
State organisation of the Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire developed over the years as a despotism with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants. Wealth and rank could be inherited but wer ...


Notes

{{Organization of the Ottoman Empire , state=expanded Government of the Ottoman Empire