Ceruminous glands are specialized
sudoriferous glands (sweat glands) located
subcutaneously in the
external auditory canal
The ear canal (external acoustic meatus, external auditory meatus, EAM) is a pathway running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The adult human ear canal extends from the pinna to the eardrum and is about in length and in diameter.
Stru ...
, in the outer 1/3. Ceruminous glands are simple, coiled, tubular glands made up of an inner secretory layer of cells and an outer
myoepithelial layer of cells.
They are classed as
apocrine glands. The glands drain into larger ducts, which then drain into the guard hairs that reside in the
external auditory canal
The ear canal (external acoustic meatus, external auditory meatus, EAM) is a pathway running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The adult human ear canal extends from the pinna to the eardrum and is about in length and in diameter.
Stru ...
.
Here they produce
cerumen, or earwax, by mixing their secretion with
sebum
A sebaceous gland is a microscopic exocrine gland in the skin that opens into a hair follicle to secrete an oily or waxy matter, called sebum, which lubricates the hair and skin of mammals. In humans, sebaceous glands occur in the greatest nu ...
and dead
epidermal cells.
Cerumen keeps the eardrum pliable, lubricates and cleans the
external auditory canal
The ear canal (external acoustic meatus, external auditory meatus, EAM) is a pathway running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The adult human ear canal extends from the pinna to the eardrum and is about in length and in diameter.
Stru ...
, waterproofs the canal, kills bacteria, and serves as a barrier to trap foreign particles (dust, fungal spores, etc.) by coating the guard hairs of the ear, making them sticky.
These glands are capable of developing both
benign
Malignancy () is the tendency of a medical condition to become progressively worse.
Malignancy is most familiar as a characterization of cancer. A ''malignant'' tumor contrasts with a non-cancerous ''benign'' tumor in that a malignancy is not s ...
and
malignant tumors. The
benign
Malignancy () is the tendency of a medical condition to become progressively worse.
Malignancy is most familiar as a characterization of cancer. A ''malignant'' tumor contrasts with a non-cancerous ''benign'' tumor in that a malignancy is not s ...
tumors include
ceruminous adenoma,
ceruminous pleomorphic adenoma, and
ceruminous syringocystadenoma papilliferum. The malignant tumors include
ceruminous adenocarcinoma,
adenoid cystic carcinoma, and
mucoepidermoid carcinoma.
See also
*
List of specialized glands within the human integumentary system
References
External links
Anatomy Atlases - Ceruminous Gland
Glands
Ear
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