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Careerism is the propensity to pursue
career The career is an individual's metaphorical "journey" through learning, work and other aspects of life. There are a number of ways to define career and the term is used in a variety of ways. Definitions The '' Oxford English Dictionary'' defi ...
advancement,
power Power most often refers to: * Power (physics), meaning "rate of doing work" ** Engine power, the power put out by an engine ** Electric power * Power (social and political), the ability to influence people or events ** Abusive power Power may ...
, and prestige outside of
work performance Job performance assesses whether a person performs a job well. Job performance, studied academically as part of industrial and organizational psychology, also forms a part of human resources management. Performance is an important criterion for org ...
.


Cultural environment

Cultural factors influence how careerists view their occupational goals. How an individual interprets the term "career" can distinguish between extreme careerists and those who can leave their career at the door when they come home at night. Schein identifies three important aspects of cultural environments and careerism: * how culture influences the concept of careerism * how culture influences the importance of a career relative to personal and family matters * how culture influences the bases of marginal careers The term "career" was once used for the purposes of status. Career was thought of as a long-term job opportunity, that many, in fact would hold until retirement. In the United States especially after World War II, those who were lucky enough to find a career would stay with the same organization for decades. A career was seen as an upper middle class, professional service, identified as the work of a doctor, lawyer, investor, banker or teacher. "Occupations" were seen as lower-class human services jobs, such as those of a taxi driver, clerk, secretary, or waste manager. These "jobs" were not held in the high regard that "careers" were. In the 2000s, the average American does not stay with the same company, business or organization until retirement. In regard to commitment, an individual must rely and commit to the occupational setting, the family setting, and to his own setting. Careerist must determine what is the most important factor in their
lives Lives may refer to: * The plural form of a ''life'' * Lives, Iran, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran * The number of lives in a video game * ''Parallel Lives'', aka ''Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans'', a series of biographies of famous ...
. To the career extremist, it is the occupational setting. Some organizations require the individual to be in "work-mode" at all times, while others believe that family time is more important. Most Latin American countries value family and personal time, whereas the United States pushes for a stronger workforce in regard to careerism. In the United States this is mainly because of the push for education. Currently the United States ranks 10th among industrial countries for percentage of adults with
college degree An academic degree is a qualification awarded to students upon successful completion of a course of study in higher education, usually at a college or university. These institutions commonly offer degrees at various levels, usually including u ...
s. With this push in education many people have better careers and are then able to have the choice of family matters, personal matter, or career matters. Even though in the United States careerism is very important, family life is also a huge part of the culture. Many people start their families even while in school, then they begin their careers. Recently the importance of family matters and career matters has evolved and is becoming more and more tied together. Cultures exert pressure and determine what career motives are acceptable and how their success is measured. Vyacheslav Molotov noted the role of careerism in the Soviet government in the 1930s: "Сыграл свою роль наш партийный карьеризм" arty-oriented careerism played out its own role Extreme careerists measure success by acknowledgements through praise and material possessions, whether it be a new office, a raise or a congratulations in front of an individual's colleagues: notice is success. In the U.S. there is an extreme drive of personal success and those who are ambitious are the ones who gain the
power Power most often refers to: * Power (physics), meaning "rate of doing work" ** Engine power, the power put out by an engine ** Electric power * Power (social and political), the ability to influence people or events ** Abusive power Power may ...
in an organization.


See also


Sources and references

* Adrian Furnham (2008) ''Personality and Intelligence at Work'', New York:
Psychology Press Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals. Its parts include Taylor & Francis, Routledge, F1000 (publisher), F1000 Research or Dovepress. It is a division of Informa ...
. * Buchanan Robert, Kong-Hee Kim, Randall Basham (2007) "Career orientations of business master's students as compared to social work students: Further inquiry into the value of graduate education", ''Career Development International'' 12(3): 282–303. * Ronald J. Burke, Eugene Deszca (1982)
Career Success and Personal Failure Experiences and Type A Behaviour
,
Journal of Occupational Behavior The ''Journal of Organizational Behavior'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal published eight times a year by Wiley-Blackwell. The journal publishes empirical reports and theoretical reviews spanning the spectrum of organizational behavior researc ...
3(2):161–70, * Edgar H. Schein (1984)
Culture as an Environmental Context for Careers
, ''Journal of Occupational Behaviour'' 5(1), A Special Issue on Environment and Career, pp. 71–81 * Daniel C. Feldman, Barton A. Weitz (1991)
From the invisible hand to the gladhand: Understanding a careerist orientation to work
, ''Human Resource Management'' 30(2):237–257. * Gratton, Peter (2005) "Essays in Philosophy", ''A Biannual Journal'' 6, DePaul University. 2 May 200

* Griffin, Ricky W. (2004) ''Dark side of organizational behavior'', San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. * Inkson, Kerr (2006) ''Understanding Careers The Metaphors of Working Lives'', Minneapolis: Sage Publications, Inc. * Miller, Seumas (2007) ''Police ethics'', St. Leonards, NSW:
Allen & Unwin George Allen & Unwin was a British publishing company formed in 1911 when Sir Stanley Unwin purchased a controlling interest in George Allen & Co. It went on to become one of the leading publishers of the twentieth century and to establish an ...
. * Harold L. Wilensky (1964)
The Professionalization of Everyone?
American Journal of Sociology The ''American Journal of Sociology'' is a peer-reviewed bi-monthly academic journal that publishes original research and book reviews in the field of sociology and related social sciences. It was founded in 1895 as the first journal in its disci ...
70(2):137–58, University of Chicago Press {{DEFAULTSORT:Extreme Careerism Career development