HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

The brigade combat team (BCT) is the basic deployable unit of maneuver in the U.S. Army. A brigade combat team consists of one combat arms branch maneuver
brigade A brigade is a major tactical military formation that typically comprises three to six battalions plus supporting elements. It is roughly equivalent to an enlarged or reinforced regiment. Two or more brigades may constitute a division. ...
, and its assigned support and fire units. A brigade is normally commanded by a
colonel Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge ...
( O-6) although in some cases a
brigadier general Brigadier general or Brigade general is a military rank used in many countries. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries. The rank is usually above a colonel, and below a major general or divisional general. When appointe ...
(O-7) may assume command. A brigade combat team contains combat support and combat service support units necessary to sustain its operations. BCTs contain organic
artillery Artillery is a class of heavy military ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during si ...
training and support, received from the parent division artillery (DIVARTY).Spc. Matthew Marcellus, 1st Armored Division (MAY 15, 2019) Agile and lethal: 4-27 Field Artillery conducts Table XVIII gunnery training May 7
accessdate=2019-08-11
There are three types of brigade combat teams: infantry, Stryker, and armored. Currently, the U.S. Army is structured around the brigade combat team. In this program, divisions that previously had not deployed individual brigades due to lack of integral support have now been restructured. The 1st Armored Division, 25th Infantry Division, etc. now have the ability to deploy one or more BCTs anywhere in the world. These BCTs are intended to be able to stand on their own, like a division in miniature. The soldiers assigned to a BCT will stay at their assignment for three years; this is intended to bolster readiness and improve unit cohesion.


Infantry brigade combat team

The infantry brigade combat team, as of 2014, contains 4,413 soldiers and is organized around three
battalion A battalion is a military unit, typically consisting of 300 to 1,200 soldiers commanded by a lieutenant colonel, and subdivided into a number of companies (usually each commanded by a major or a captain). In some countries, battalions ...
s of infantry. Each type of brigade (
infantry Infantry is a military specialization which engages in ground combat on foot. Infantry generally consists of light infantry, mountain infantry, motorized infantry & mechanized infantry, airborne infantry, air assault infantry, and mar ...
or
airborne infantry Airborne forces, airborne troops, or airborne infantry are ground combat units carried by aircraft and airdropped into battle zones, typically by parachute drop or air assault. Parachute-qualified infantry and support personnel serving in a ...
) has the same basic organization. Each infantry brigade is equipped and capable of air assault operations. Also, most units typically maneuver in HMMWVs when deployed and operate as " motorized infantry" to facilitate speed of movement. The Infantry BCT can conduct entry operations by ground, air, and amphibious means. The infantry brigade combat team consists of seven battalions: one cavalry (reconnaissance) battalion, one brigade support battalion, one engineer battalion, three infantry battalions and one field artillery (fires) battalion.


Infantry battalion (×3)

Note:
OCONUS The contiguous United States (officially the conterminous United States) consists of the 48 adjoining U.S. states and the Federal District of the United States of America. The term excludes the only two non-contiguous states, Alaska and Hawa ...
(Hawaii, Alaska and Italy) based BCTs only have two infantry battalions * Headquarters and headquarters company * Rifle company (×3) * Weapons company


Cavalry squadron

* Headquarters and headquarters troop * Mounted cavalry troop (×2) * Dismounted cavalry troop


Field artillery (fires) battalion

* Headquarters and headquarters battery ** Target acquisition platoon * M119 105mm towed howitzer battery (×2) * M777A2 155mm towed howitzer battery


Brigade engineer battalion

* Headquarters and headquarters company * Combat engineer company (×2) * Signal network support company * Military intelligence company


Brigade support battalion

* Headquarters and headquarters company * Distribution company * Field maintenance company * Medical company ** Headquarters platoon ** Treatment platoon ** Medical evacuation platoon * Forward support company (
reconnaissance In military operations, reconnaissance or scouting is the exploration of an area by military forces to obtain information about enemy forces, terrain, and other activities. Examples of reconnaissance include patrolling by troops ( skirmishe ...
) * Forward support company (
engineer Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are professionals who Invention, invent, design, analyze, build and test machines, complex systems, structures, gadgets and materials to fulfill functional objectives and requirements while considerin ...
) * Forward support company (
infantry Infantry is a military specialization which engages in ground combat on foot. Infantry generally consists of light infantry, mountain infantry, motorized infantry & mechanized infantry, airborne infantry, air assault infantry, and mar ...
) (×3) * Forward support company ( Field Artillery)


Stryker brigade combat team

The Stryker brigade combat team (SBCT) is a mechanized infantry force structured around the Stryker eight-wheeled variant of the General Dynamics LAV III. A full Stryker brigade was intended to be C-130 Hercules air transportable into
theatre Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, usually actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. The perfor ...
within 96 hours, while a division-sized force is expected to need 120 hours. The Stryker brigade is an organic combined arms unit of lightly-armored, medium-weight wheeled vehicles, and is organized differently from the infantry or armored brigade combat teams. The Stryker brigades are being used to implement network-centric warfare doctrines, and are intended to fill a gap between the United States' highly mobile light infantry and its much heavier armored infantry. The team also receives training in chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear defense ( CBRN defense). Each Stryker brigade combat team consists of three infantry battalions, one reconnaissance (cavalry) squadron, one fires (artillery) battalion, one brigade support battalion, one brigade headquarters and headquarters company, and one brigade engineer battalion. A Stryker brigade is made up of more than 300 Stryker vehicles and 4,500 soldiers. Starting in 2015, the anti-tank company was reflagged from the brigade engineer battalion to the cavalry squadron, to form a weapons troop—also incorporating the mobile gun systems from the infantry battalions.


Infantry battalion (×3)

* Headquarters and headquarters company *
Infantry company A company is a military unit, typically consisting of 80–250 soldiers and usually commanded by a major or a captain. Most companies are formed of three to seven platoons, although the exact number may vary by country, unit type, and structur ...
( Stryker) (×3)


Cavalry squadron

* Headquarters and headquarters troop * Cavalry troop (Stryker) (×3) * Weapons troop (9 × ATGM)


Field artillery (fires) battalion

* Headquarters and headquarters battery ** Target acquisition platoon * M777A2 155mm towed howitzer battery (×3)


Brigade support battalion

* Headquarters and headquarters company * Distribution company * Field maintenance company * Medical company * Forward support company (reconnaissance) * Forward support company (engineer) * Forward support company (infantry) (×3) * Forward support company (field artillery)


Brigade engineer battalion

* Headquarters and headquarters company * Combat engineer company * Engineer support company * Signal company * Military intelligence company


Stryker vehicles

* M1126 Infantry Carrier Vehicle *
M1127 Reconnaissance Vehicle The M1127 Reconnaissance Vehicle is a wheeled armored personnel carrier in the Stryker family. It is in service with the US Army. General The RV provides an effective platform for RSTA Squadrons and battalion scouts to perform reconnaissance and ...
*
M1128 Mobile Gun System The M1128 Mobile Gun System (MGS) is an eight-wheeled armored car of the Stryker armored fighting vehicle family, mounting a 105 mm tank gun, based on the Canadian LAV III light-armored vehicle manufactured by General Dynamics Land Systems for ...
armed with 105 mm overhead gun for direct fire * M1129 Mortar Carrier armed with a mounted 120 mm and a dismountable 81 or 60 mm Mortar *
M1130 Command Vehicle The M1130 Commander Vehicle (CV) is an armored command vehicle based on the Stryker platform. It is used within the brigade to provide means to receive information, analyze and transmit data, and control forces carrying out combat missions. Model ...
* M1131 Fire Support Vehicle (FSV) with targeting and surveillance sensors *
M1132 Engineer Support Vehicle M1132 Engineer Squad Vehicle (ESV) is the combat engineering variant of the Stryker wheeled armored fighting vehicle. It is issued to combat engineer squads in the US Army Stryker brigade combat teams. Models with the double V-hull upgrade are kno ...
(ESV) * M1133 Medical Evacuation Vehicle (MEV) * M1134 Anti-Tank Guided Missile Vehicle (ATGM) armed with a twin TOW missile launcher. * M1135 Nuclear, Biological, Chemical, Reconnaissance Vehicle (NBC RV)


Armored brigade combat team

The armored brigade combat team (ABCT) is the army's primary armored force. It is designed around combined arms battalions (CABs) that contain both M1 Abrams tanks and M2 Bradley infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs). Other vehicles, such as HMMWVs and M113 armored personnel carrier, operate in a supporting role. In the future, it will also contain vehicles from the Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle and likely the Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV). An armored brigade combat team consists of seven battalions: three combined arms battalions, one cavalry (reconnaissance) squadron, one artillery battalion, one engineer battalion and one brigade support battalion. As of 2014, the armored brigade combat team is the largest brigade combat team formation with 4,743 soldiers. Prior to 2012, the armored brigade combat team was named the heavy brigade combat team. An ABCT includes 87 Abrams, 152 Bradley IFVs, 18 M109s and 45 armed M113 vehicles. The operational cost for these combat systems is $66,735 per mile. The range of the Abrams limits the brigade to 330 km (205 miles), requiring fuel every 12 hours. The brigade can self-transport 738,100 L (195,000 gallons) of fuel, which is transported by 15 19,000 L (5,000 gal) M969A1 tankers and 48 9,500 L (2,500 gal) M978 tankers. Prior to 2016, the CAB contained two tank companies and two mechanized infantry companies. In 2016, the CAB was reorganized to have two variations; an "armored battalion" biased towards armor, with two tank companies and one mechanized infantry company, and a "mechanized infantry" battalion biased towards infantry, with two mechanized infantry companies and one tank company. The ABCTs thus adopted a "triangle" structure of two armored battalions and one mechanized infantry battalion. This resulted in an overall reduction of two mechanized infantry companies; the deleted armored company was reflagged to the cavalry squadron.


Pre-2016 organizational restructure for combined armor/infantry assets


Combined Arms Battalion (×3)

* Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC) *
Tank A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle intended as a primary offensive weapon in front-line ground combat. Tank designs are a balance of heavy firepower, strong armour, and good battlefield mobility provided by tracks and a powerful ...
Company (×2) * Mechanized Infantry Company (×2)


Post-2016 organizational restructure for combined armor/infantry assets


Armored Battalion (×2)

* Headquarters and Headquarters Company *
Tank A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle intended as a primary offensive weapon in front-line ground combat. Tank designs are a balance of heavy firepower, strong armour, and good battlefield mobility provided by tracks and a powerful ...
Company (×2) * Mechanized Infantry Company


Mechanized Infantry Battalion (×1)

* Headquarters and Headquarters Company *
Tank A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle intended as a primary offensive weapon in front-line ground combat. Tank designs are a balance of heavy firepower, strong armour, and good battlefield mobility provided by tracks and a powerful ...
Company * Mechanized Infantry Company (×2)


Cavalry Squadron

* Headquarters and headquarters troop * Cavalry Troop (×3) * Tank Company (×1)


Field Artillery Battalion

* Headquarters and Headquarters Battery ** Target Acquisition Platoon * M109 155mm Self-propelled Howitzer Battery (×3)


Brigade Engineer Battalion

* Headquarters and Headquarters Company * Military Intelligence Company * Signal Network Support Company * Combat Engineer Company (×2)


Brigade Support Battalion

* Headquarters and Headquarters Company * Distribution Company * Field Maintenance Company * Medical Company ** Headquarters Platoon ** Treatment Platoon ** Medical Evacuation Platoon * Forward Support Company ( Cavalry) * Forward Support Company ( Combined Arms) (×3) * Forward Support Company ( Field Artillery) * Forward Support Company (
Engineer Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are professionals who Invention, invent, design, analyze, build and test machines, complex systems, structures, gadgets and materials to fulfill functional objectives and requirements while considerin ...
)


Modernization

The U.S. Army planned to implement elements of the BCT Modernization program in 2010. This program was planned to utilize elements from the Future Combat Systems program that was canceled in early 2009. The program came in two segments. The first to be implemented would be the ''Early Infantry Brigade Combat Team Capability Package'' (Early IBCT Package), which would modernize infantry brigade combat teams. The second to be implemented would be the ''Follow-on Incremental Capabilities Package'', which could modernize all brigades.


Reorganization

After the 2013 reform's round of de-activations and downsizing, the below numbers represent the number of BCTs that will be left in the US Army's Active Component. (Numbers after the brigade re-organization in brackets) Combat brigades: 45 (32) * 17 (10) armored brigade combat teams * 8 (8) Stryker brigade combat teams * 20 (14) infantry brigade combat teams including airborne IBCTs In July 2015, the Army announced the reduction of 2 additional BCTs as part of ongoing reductions to an end strength of 450,000. In addition to the reduction, one active Stryker BCT will convert to an infantry BCT, and its vehicles will be used to convert an Army National Guard BCT from armored to Stryker. In April 2017, the Army confirmed that the proposed downsizing of 4/25 (Airborne) BCT was being reversed, and the BCT retained. As of September 2018, the active duty component of United States Army consists of 31 brigade combat teams: * 14 infantry brigade combat teams (including airborne brigades) * 10 armored brigade combat teams * 7 Stryker brigade combat teams On 20 September 2018, the Army announced that the 1st Brigade Combat Team of the 1st Armored Division (1/1 AD) stationed at Fort Bliss, Texas, will convert from a Stryker brigade combat team (SBCT) to an armored brigade combat team (ABCT); and the 2nd Brigade Combat Team of the 4th Infantry Division (2/4 ID) stationed at Fort Carson, Colorado, will convert from an infantry brigade combat team (IBCT) to a SBCT. The conversion of the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 1st Armored Division, and the 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 4th Infantry Division, were planned to begin in the spring of 2019 and spring of 2020 respectively. With 25th Infantry Division Alaska's change to 11th Airborne Division in 2022, the Army will have one less Stryker Brigade and one more Infantry brigade, changing the total to 15 IBCT's and 6 SBCT's. Army National Guard brigade combat teams have the same TOE as active duty component BCTs. As of September 2018, the Army National Guard consists of 27 BCTs: * 20 infantry brigade combat teams * 5 armored brigade combat teams * 2 Stryker brigade combat teams


See also

* Reorganization plan of the United States Army * Regimental combat team * USMC Marine Air-Ground Task Force, for comparison


References

{{reflist


Additional reading


FM 3–20.96 Reconnaissance and Cavalry Squadron

FM 3–21.20 The Infantry Battalion

FM 3–96 Brigade Combat Team

FM 3–90.61 The Brigade Special Troops Battalion
Brigade combat teams of the United States Army, 000 Tables of Organisation and Equipment