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The banjeaurine, also spelled banjourine or banjorine, was a variant of the 
Banjo family instruments
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The banjeaurine, also spelled banjourine or banjorine, was a variant of the banjo
The banjo is a stringed instrument with a thin membrane stretched over a frame or cavity to form a resonator. The membrane is typically circular, and usually made of plastic, or occasionally animal skin. Early forms of the instrument were fashi ...
, designed to play lead instrument in banjo orchestras from the 1890s to the 1930s.
They have shorter necks than traditional 5-string banjos, and are tuned a fourth higher, in C. There were normally two of these instruments in a banjo orchestra.
A banjo manufacturer named Samuel Swaim Stewart
Samuel ''Šəmūʾēl'', Tiberian: ''Šămūʾēl''; ar, شموئيل or صموئيل '; el, Σαμουήλ ''Samouḗl''; la, Samūēl is a figure who, in the narratives of the Hebrew Bible, plays a key role in the transition from the bibl ...
, also called S.S., invented the banjeaurine. From Philadelphia, Stewart advertised the banjeaurine and this instrument became a critical part of banjo orchestras. The banjeaurine first hit the music scene in 1885, played before the public by William A Huntley
William A. Penno (1843–1929), known by his stage name William A. Huntley, was a composer, music teacher, and vocal and instrumental performer in minstrel and vaudeville traditions. Playing his 5-string banjo before crowds that came to number in ...
. In banjo orchestras, the banjeaurine was responsible for the majority of the solos in musical pieces. The banjeaurine has a short neck with a scale between 19" and 20", a fretboard extension that is cantilevered over the head, and either 17 or 19 frets. It is a higher pitched version of the conventional 5 string banjo. Most banjeaurines, especially early ones, have 12"- to 12-1/2"-diameter rims. Later models may have 11" rims, a size that became a standard banjo rim size during the late 1920s. The body has a top made out of skin, real or synthetic, and usually an open back without a resonator. The banjeaurine has five strings. One is shorter than the others, and is called the fifth string, or thumb string. The concept of the banjeaurine is similar to that of other banjo-family instruments.
Banjeaurines were most notably constructed by S.S. Stewart, but were offered by most major banjo manufacturers, including Washburn
Washburn (alternatively Wasseburne, Wasseborne, Wasshebourne, Wassheborne, Washbourne, Washburne, Washborne, Washborn, Wasborn, Washbon) is a toponymic surname, probably of Old English origin, with likely Anglo-Norman and Norman-French influen ...
, Fairbanks, Fairbanks & Cole
Fairbanks is a home rule city and the borough seat of the Fairbanks North Star Borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. Fairbanks is the largest city in the Interior region of Alaska and the second largest in the state. The 2020 Census put the pop ...
, Cole
Cole may refer to:
Plants
* Cole crops of the genus ''Brassica'', especially cabbage, kale, or rape (rapeseed).
People
* Cole (given name), people with the given name Cole
* Cole (surname), people with the surname Cole
Companies
*Cole Motor C ...
, Vega
Vega is the brightest star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It has the Bayer designation α Lyrae, which is Latinised to Alpha Lyrae and abbreviated Alpha Lyr or α Lyr. This star is relatively close at only from the Sun, an ...
, Weyman, Schall Schall can refer to;
People
*Alvin Anthony Schall, American federal judge
*Claus Schall (1757-1835), Danish violinist and composer
*Eduardo Schall Jatyr, Brazilian basketball player
*Ekkehard Schall (1930-2005), German stage and screen actor/dire ...
, Thompson & Odell Thompson & Odell (ca.1874 – ca.1905) of Boston, Massachusetts, published music and repaired and manufactured musical instruments. Musicians Charles W. Thompson and Ira H. Odell ran the business. They kept a shop on Tremont Street and later o ...
, Kraske, Lyon & Healy
Lyon & Healy Harps, Inc. is an American musical instrument manufacturer based in Chicago, Illinois and is a subsidiary of Salvi Harps. Today best known for concert harps, the company's Chicago headquarters and manufacturing facility contains a ...
, and many others.
References
External links
*https://web.archive.org/web/20100306010853/http://www.banjoorchestra.org/history.html *https://web.archive.org/web/20090207003442/http://www.classicbanjo.com/instruments.php *https://web.archive.org/web/20100926133227/http://irish-banjo.com/instruments/five-string-banjo/banjeaurine/index.html
Banjo family instruments
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