An art movement is a tendency or style in art with a specific common philosophy or goal, followed by a group of artists during a specific period of time, (usually a few months, years or decades) or, at least, with the heyday of the movement defined within a number of years. Art movements were especially important in

modern art Modern art includes artistic work produced during the period extending roughly from the 1860s to the 1970s, and denotes the styles and philosophies of the art produced during that era. The term is usually associated with art in which the tradi ...

, when each consecutive movement was considered as a new

avant-garde The avant-garde (; In 'advance guard' or ' vanguard', literally 'fore-guard') is a person or work that is experimental, radical, or unorthodox with respect to art, culture, or society.John Picchione, The New Avant-garde in Italy: Theoretica ...

movement. Western art had been, from the Renaissance up to the middle of the 19th century, underpinned by the logic of perspective and an attempt to reproduce an illusion of visible reality ( figurative art). By the end of the 19th century many artists felt a need to create a new style which would encompass the fundamental changes taking place in technology, science and philosophy ( abstract art).

Concept

According to theories associated with

modernism Modernism is both a philosophical and arts movement that arose from broad transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement reflected a desire for the creation of new forms of art, philosophy, an ...

and the concept of

postmodernism Postmodernism is an intellectual stance or mode of discourseNuyen, A.T., 1992. The Role of Rhetorical Devices in Postmodernist Discourse. Philosophy & Rhetoric, pp.183–194. characterized by skepticism toward the " grand narratives" of modern ...

, ''art movements'' are especially important during the period of time corresponding to

. The period of time called "modern art" is posited to have changed approximately halfway through the 20th century and art made afterward is generally called

contemporary art Contemporary art is the art of today, produced in the second half of the 20th century or in the 21st century. Contemporary artists work in a globally influenced, culturally diverse, and technologically advancing world. Their art is a dynamic ...

Postmodernism Postmodernism is an intellectual stance or mode of discourseNuyen, A.T., 1992. The Role of Rhetorical Devices in Postmodernist Discourse. Philosophy & Rhetoric, pp.183–194. characterized by skepticism toward the " grand narratives" of modern ...

in visual art begins and functions as a parallel to late modernism and refers to that period after the "modern" period called contemporary art.''The Citadel of Modernism Falls to Deconstructionists'', – 1992 critical essay, ''The Triumph of Modernism'', 2006,

Hilton Kramer Hilton Kramer (March 25, 1928 – March 27, 2012) was an American art critic and essayist. Biography Early life Kramer was born in Gloucester, Massachusetts, and was educated at Syracuse University, receiving a bachelor's degree in English; ...

, pp 218–221. The postmodern period began during late modernism (which is a contemporary continuation of modernism), and according to some theorists postmodernism ended in the 21st century.''Post-Modernism: The New Classicism in Art and Architecture'' Charles JencksWilliam R. Everdell, ''The First Moderns: Profiles in the Origins of Twentieth-century Thought'', University of Chicago Press, 1997, p4. During the period of time corresponding to "modern art" each consecutive movement was often considered a new

. Also during the period of time referred to as "modern art" each movement was seen corresponding to a somewhat grandiose rethinking of all that came before it, concerning the visual arts. Generally there was a commonality of visual style linking the works and artists included in an art movement. Verbal expression and explanation of movements has come from the artists themselves, sometimes in the form of an art manifesto,"Poetry of the Revolution. Marx, Manifestos, and the Avant-Gardes" introduction, Martin Puchner
Retrieved April 4, 2006 and sometimes from art critics and others who may explain their understanding of the meaning of the new art then being produced. In the visual arts, many artists, theorists, art critics, art collectors, art dealers and others mindful of the unbroken continuation of modernism and the continuation of modern art even into the contemporary era, ascribe to and welcome new philosophies of art as they appear. Postmodernist theorists posit that the idea of art movements are no longer as applicable, or no longer as discernible, as the notion of art movements had been before the postmodern era. There are many theorists however who doubt as to whether or not such an era was actually a fact; or just a passing fad. The term refers to tendencies in visual art, novel ideas and

architecture Architecture is the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. It is both the process and the product of sketching, conceiving, planning, designing, and constructing buildings ...

, and sometimes

literature Literature is any collection of Writing, written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to ...

. In

music Music is generally defined as the art of arranging sound to create some combination of form, harmony, melody, rhythm or otherwise expressive content. Exact definitions of music vary considerably around the world, though it is an aspe ...

it is more common to speak about

genre Genre () is any form or type of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.) with socially-agreed-upon conventions developed over time. In popular usage, it normally describes a category of literature, music, or other f ...

s and styles instead. See also cultural movement, a term with a broader connotation. As the names of many art movements use the -ism suffix (for example cubism and futurism), they are sometimes referred to as ''isms''.

19th century

File:Jacques-Louis David - The Coronation of Napoleon (1805-1807).jpg, Jacques-Louis David, ''

The Coronation of Napoleon ''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the ...

'', (1806), Musée du Louvre, Neoclassicism File:Eugène Delacroix - La liberté guidant le peuple.jpg,

Eugène Delacroix Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix ( , ; 26 April 1798 – 13 August 1863) was a French Romantic artist regarded from the outset of his career as the leader of the French Romantic school.Noon, Patrick, et al., ''Crossing the Channel: Britis ...

, '' Liberty Leading the People'' 1830,

Romanticism Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) was an artistic, literary, musical, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate ...

File:Cole Thomas The Course of Empire The Savage State 1836.jpg, Thomas Cole, '' The Course of Empire: The Savage State'', 1836, Hudson River School File:Gustave Courbet 018.jpg,

Gustave Courbet Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet ( , , ; 10 June 1819 – 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realism movement in 19th-century French painting. Committed to painting only what he could see, he rejected academic convention and ...

, ''Stone-Breakers'', 1849, Realist School File:corot.villedavray.750pix.jpg, Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, c. 1867, ''

Ville d'Avray Ville-d'Avray () is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris. The commune is part of the arrondissement of Boulogne-Billancourt in the Hauts-de-Seine department. In 2019, it had a population of ...

'' National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Barbizon SchoolNational Gallery of Art
/ref> File:Claude Monet - Graystaks I.JPG,

Claude Monet Oscar-Claude Monet (, , ; 14 November 1840 – 5 December 1926) was a French painter and founder of impressionist painting who is seen as a key precursor to modernism, especially in his attempts to paint nature as he perceived it. During ...

, '' Haystacks, (sunset)'', 1890–1891, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston,

Impressionism Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement characterized by relatively small, thin, yet visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passa ...

File:Van Gogh - Starry Night - Google Art Project.jpg,

Vincent van Gogh Vincent Willem van Gogh (; 30 March 185329 July 1890) was a Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who posthumously became one of the most famous and influential figures in Western art history. In a decade, he created about 2,100 artworks, inc ...

, '' The Starry Night,'' 1889,

Post-Impressionism Post-Impressionism (also spelled Postimpressionism) was a predominantly French art movement that developed roughly between 1886 and 1905, from the last Impressionist exhibition to the birth of Fauvism. Post-Impressionism emerged as a reaction ...

File:The Scream.jpg, Edvard Munch, '' The Scream'', early example of

Expressionism Expressionism is a modernist movement, initially in poetry and painting, originating in Northern Europe around the beginning of the 20th century. Its typical trait is to present the world solely from a subjective perspective, distorting it ra ...

* Academic, c. 16th century–20th century *

Aesthetic Movement Aestheticism (also the Aesthetic movement) was an art movement in the late 19th century which privileged the aesthetic value of literature, music and the arts over their socio-political functions. According to Aestheticism, art should be pro ...

American Barbizon school The American Barbizon School was a group of painters and style partly influenced by the French Barbizon school, who were noted for their simple, pastoral scenes painted directly from nature. American Barbizon artists concentrated on painting rur ...

* American Impressionism *

Amsterdam Impressionism Amsterdam Impressionism was an Art, art movement in late 19th-century Holland. It is associated especially with George Hendrik Breitner and is also known as the ''School of August Allebé, Allebé''. The innovative ideas about painting of the Fre ...

* Art Nouveau, c. 1890–1910 * Arts and Crafts Movement, founded 1860s * Barbizon school, c. 1830s–1870s * Biedermeier, c. 1815–1848 * Cloisonnism, c. 1888–1900s (decade) *

Danish Golden Age The Danish Golden Age ( da, Den danske guldalder) covers a period of exceptional creative production in Denmark, especially during the first half of the 19th century.Kulturnet DanmarkGuide to the Danish Golden Age Although Copenhagen had suffere ...

c. 1800s-1850s * Decadent movement * Divisionism, c. 1880s–1910s * Düsseldorf School * Etching revival *

, c. 1890s–1930s * German Romanticism, c. 1790s–1850s * Gründerzeit *

Hague School The Hague School is a group of artists who lived and worked in The Hague between 1860 and 1890. Their work was heavily influenced by the realist painters of the French Barbizon school. The painters of the Hague school generally made use of relat ...

, c. 1860s–1890s *

Heidelberg School The Heidelberg School was an Australian art movement of the late 19th century. It has latterly been described as Australian impressionism. Melbourne art critic Sidney Dickinson coined the term in an 1891 review of works by Arthur Streeton and ...

, c. 1880s–1900s (decade) * Hoosier Group * Hudson River School, c. 1820s–1900s (decade) *

Hurufiyya movement The Hurufiyya movement ( ar, حروفية ''ḥurufiyyah'', adjectival form ''ḥurufī'', 'letters' (of the alphabet)) is an aesthetic movement that emerged in the second half of the twentieth century amongst Muslim artists, who used their under ...

mid-20th-century in North Africa and the Middle East *

, c. 1860s–1920s * Incoherents, c. 1882-1890s * Jugendstil * Les Nabis, c. 1890s–1900s (decade) * Les Vingt * Letras y figuras, c. 1845-1900s * Luminism * Lyon School * Macchiaioli c. 1850s–1900s (decade) * Mir iskusstva, founded 1898 *

Modernism Modernism is both a philosophical and arts movement that arose from broad transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement reflected a desire for the creation of new forms of art, philosophy, an ...

, c. 1860s-ongoing * Naturalism * Nazarene, c. 1810s–1830 * Neo-Classicism, c. 1780s–1900s (decade) *

Neo-impressionism Neo-Impressionism is a term coined by French art critic Félix Fénéon in 1886 to describe an art movement founded by Georges Seurat. Seurat's most renowned masterpiece, ''A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte'', marked the begi ...

, c. 1880s–1910s *

Norwegian romantic nationalism Norwegian romantic nationalism ( no, Nasjonalromantikken) was a movement in Norway between 1840 and 1867 in art, literature, and popular culture that emphasized the aesthetics of Norwegian nature and the uniqueness of the Norwegian national ident ...

, c. 1840–1867 *

Norwich School Norwich School (formally King Edward VI Grammar School, Norwich) is a selective English independent day school in the close of Norwich Cathedral, Norwich. Among the oldest schools in the United Kingdom, it has a traceable history to 1096 as a ...

, founded 1803 * Orientalism * Peredvizhniki * Pointillism, c. 1880s–1910s * Pont-Aven School, c. 1850s–1890s *

, c. 1880s–1900s (decade) * Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood *

Realism Realism, Realistic, or Realists may refer to: In the arts *Realism (arts), the general attempt to depict subjects truthfully in different forms of the arts Arts movements related to realism include: * Classical Realism *Literary realism, a mov ...

, c. 1850s–1900s (decade) *

, c. 1750s–1890s * Secession groups, c. 1890s–1910s * Society of American Artists, c. 1877–1906 * Spanish Eclecticism, c. 1845-1890s * Symbolism * Synthetism, c. 1877–1900s (decade) * Tipos del País * Tonalism, c. 1880–1915 * Vienna Secession, founded 1897 * Volcano School * White Mountain art, c. 1820s–1870s * Spiritualist art, c. 1870–

20th century

1900–1921

File:Wassily Kandinsky, 1903, The Blue Rider (Der Blaue Reiter), oil on canvas, 52.1 x 54.6 cm, Stiftung Sammlung E.G. Bührle, Zurich.jpg, Wassily Kandinsky, 1903, '' Der Blaue Reiter'' painting, '' Der Blaue Reiter'' File:Family of Saltimbanques.JPG,

Pablo Picasso Pablo Ruiz Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist and Scenic design, theatre designer who spent most of his adult life in France. One of the most influential artists of the 20th ce ...

, ''

Family of Saltimbanques ''Family of Saltimbanques'' (French: ') is a 1905 oil on canvas painting by Pablo Picasso. The work depicts six saltimbanques, a kind of itinerant circus performer, in a desolate landscape. It is considered the masterpiece of Picasso's Rose Per ...

,'' 1905,

Picasso's Rose Period Picasso's Rose Period represents an important epoch in the life and work of the Spanish artist Pablo Picasso which had a great impact on the developments of modern art. It began in 1904 at a time when Picasso settled in Montmartre at the Bateau-Lav ...

File:Matisse-Open-Window.jpg,

Henri Matisse Henri Émile Benoît Matisse (; 31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954) was a French visual artist, known for both his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known prim ...

, '' The Open Window'', 1905, Fauvism File:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.jpg,

, '' Les Demoiselles d'Avignon'', 1907,

Proto-Cubism Proto-Cubism (also referred to as Protocubism, Early Cubism, and Pre-Cubism or Précubisme) is an intermediary transition phase in the history of art chronologically extending from 1906 to 1910. Evidence suggests that the production of proto-Cubis ...

File:Violin and Candlestick.jpg, Georges Braque 1910,

Analytic Cubism Cubism is an early-20th-century avant-garde art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music, literature and architecture. In Cubist artwork, objects are analyzed, broken up and reassemble ...

File:Supremus 55 (Malevich, 1916).jpg, Kazimir Malevich, ''(Supremus No. 58)'', Museum of Art, 1916, Suprematism File:Marcel Duchamp, 1917, Fountain, photograph by Alfred Stieglitz.jpg,

Marcel Duchamp Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp (, , ; 28 July 1887 – 2 October 1968) was a French painter, sculptor, chess player, and writer whose work is associated with Cubism, Dada, and conceptual art. Duchamp is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso ...

, '' Fountain,'' 1917, photograph by

Alfred Stieglitz Alfred Stieglitz (January 1, 1864 – July 13, 1946) was an American photographer and modern art promoter who was instrumental over his 50-year career in making photography an accepted art form. In addition to his photography, Stieglitz was kno ...

, Dada File:Albert Gleizes, 1920, Femme au gant noir (Woman with Black Glove), oil on canvas, 126 x 100 cm. Private collection.jpg, Albert Gleizes, '' Woman with Black Glove'', 1920, Crystal Cubism File:Tableau I, by Piet Mondriaan.jpg, Piet Mondrian, ''Tableau I'', 1921, De Stijl * Academic, c. 1900s (decade)-ongoing *

American realism American Realism was a style in art, music and literature that depicted contemporary social realities and the lives and everyday activities of ordinary people. The movement began in literature in the mid-19th century, and became an important te ...

, c. 1890s–1920s *

, c. 1909–1912 *

Art Deco Art Deco, short for the French ''Arts Décoratifs'', and sometimes just called Deco, is a style of visual arts, architecture, and product design, that first appeared in France in the 1910s (just before World War I), and flourished in the Unit ...

, c. 1910–1939 * Ashcan School, c. 1890s–1920s * Australian tonalism, c. 1910s–1930s * Berliner Sezession, founded 1898 * Bloomsbury Group, c. 1900s (decade)–1960s * Brandywine School *

Camden Town Group The Camden Town Group was a group of English Post-Impressionist artists founded in 1911 and active until 1913. They gathered frequently at the studio of painter Walter Sickert in the Camden Town area of London. History In 1908, critic Frank ...

, c. 1911–1913 * Constructivism, c. 1920–1922, 1920s–1940s * Cubism, c. 1906–1919 *

Cubo-Futurism Cubo-Futurism (also called Russian Futurism or Kubo-Futurizm) was an art movement that arose in early 20th century Russian Empire, defined by its amalgamation of the artistic elements found in Italian Futurism and French Analytical Cubism. Cubo ...

, c. 1912–1918 * Czech Cubism, c. 1910–1914 * Dada, c. 1916–1922 * Der Blaue Reiter, c. 1911–1914 * De Stijl, c. 1917–1931 * Deutscher Werkbund, founded 1907 * Die Brücke, founded 1905 *

c. 1890s–1930s * Fauvism, c. 1900–1910 * Futurism, c. 1909–1916 *

German Expressionism German Expressionism () consisted of several related creative movements in Germany before the First World War that reached a peak in Berlin during the 1920s. These developments were part of a larger Expressionist movement in north and central ...

, c. 1913–1930 * Group of Seven (Canada), c. 1913–1930s * Jack of Diamonds, founded 1909 * Luminism (Impressionism), c. 1900s (decade)–1930s *

, c. 1860s–ongoing * Neo-Classicism, c. 1900s (decade)–ongoing *

Neo-primitivism Primitivism is a mode of aesthetic idealization that either emulates or aspires to recreate a "primitive" experience. It is also defined as a philosophical doctrine that considers "primitive" peoples as nobler than civilized peoples and was an o ...

, from 1913 * Neue Künstlervereinigung München *

Novembergruppe The November Group (german: Novembergruppe) was a group of German expressionist artists and architects. Formed on 3 December 1918, they took their name from the month of the German Revolution. The group was led by Max Pechstein and César Klein. ...

, founded 1918 * Objective Abstraction, c. 1933–1936 * Orphism, c. 1910–1913 * Photo-Secession, founded c. 1902 * Pittura Metafisica, c. 1911–1920 *

, c. 1906–1908 * Purism, c. 1917–1930s * Rayonism * Section d'Or, c. 1912–1914 * Suprematism, formed c. 1915–1916 *

Synchromism Synchromism was an art movement founded in 1912 by American artists Stanton Macdonald-Wright (1890–1973) and Morgan Russell (1886–1953). Their abstract "synchromies," based on an approach to painting that analogized color to music, were a ...

, founded 1912 *

Synthetic Cubism Cubism is an early-20th-century avant-garde art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music, literature and architecture. In Cubist artwork, objects are analyzed, broken up and reassemble ...

, c. 1912–1919 * The Eight, c. 1909–1918 *

The Ten ''The Ten'' is a 2007 anthology comedy film directed by David Wain and cowritten by Wain and Ken Marino. It was released through ThinkFilm. The film was released on August 3, 2007. The DVD was released on January 15, 2008. It is an internation ...

, c. 1897–1920 * Vorticism, founded 1914

1920–1945

File:Theo van Doesburg Composition XX.jpg, Theo van Doesburg, ''Composition XX'', 1920, De Stijl File:The Elephant Celebes.jpg, Max Ernst, '' The Elephant Celebes'', 1921, Tate,

Surrealism Surrealism is a cultural movement that developed in Europe in the aftermath of World War I in which artists depicted unnerving, illogical scenes and developed techniques to allow the unconscious mind to express itself. Its aim was, according to ...

File:NY Met demuth figure 5 gold.JPG, Charles Demuth, '' I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold'', 1928,

Metropolitan Museum of Art The Metropolitan Museum of Art of New York City, colloquially "the Met", is the largest art museum in the Americas. Its permanent collection contains over two million works, divided among 17 curatorial departments. The main building at 1000 ...

, Precisionism File:Grant Wood - American Gothic - Google Art Project.jpg, Grant Wood, '' American Gothic'', 1930, Art Institute of Chicago, Social Realism *

American Scene painting American Regionalism is an American realist modern art movement that included paintings, murals, lithographs, and illustrations depicting realistic scenes of rural and small-town America primarily in the Midwest. It arose in the 1930s as a respo ...

, c. 1920s–1950s * Arbeitsrat für Kunst *

Bauhaus The Staatliches Bauhaus (), commonly known as the Bauhaus (), was a German art school operational from 1919 to 1933 that combined crafts and the fine arts.Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 4th edn., 20 ...

, c. 1919–1933 * Concrete art * Der Ring * De Stijl, c. 1917–1931 * Ecole de Paris * Geometric abstraction *

Gruppo 7 Gruppo 7 was a group of Italian architects who wanted to reform architecture by the adoption of Rationalism. It was formed in 1926 by Luigi Figini, Guido Frette, Sebastiano Larco, Gino Pollini, Carlo Enrico Rava, Giuseppe Terragni and Ubaldo C ...

* International Style, c. 1920s–1970s *

Kapists Kapists or KPists (Polish: ''Kapiści'', from KP, the Polish acronym for the Paris Committee), also known as the Colourists, were a group of Polish painters of the 1930s who dominated the Polish artistic landscape of the epoch. Contrary to Polish ...

, c. 1930s * Magic Realism * Neo-Romanticism *

Neue Sachlichkeit The New Objectivity (in german: Neue Sachlichkeit) was a movement in German art that arose during the 1920s as a reaction against expressionism. The term was coined by Gustav Friedrich Hartlaub, the director of the '' Kunsthalle'' in Mannheim, ...

Novecento Italiano Novecento Italiano () was an Italian artistic movement founded in Milan in 1922 to create an art based on the rhetoric of the fascism of Mussolini. History Novecento Italiano was founded by Anselmo Bucci (1887–1955), Leonardo Dudreville (1885 ...

, founded 1918 * Precisionism, c. 1918–1940s *

Regionalism (art) American Regionalism is an American realist modern art movement that included paintings, murals, lithographs, and illustrations depicting realistic scenes of rural and small-town America primarily in the Midwest. It arose in the 1930s as a resp ...

, c. 1930s–1940s * Return to order, 1918–1922 * Scuola Romana, c. 1928–1945 * Social Realism, c. 1920s–1960s *

Socialist Realism Socialist realism is a style of idealized realistic art that was developed in the Soviet Union and was the official style in that country between 1932 and 1988, as well as in other socialist countries after World War II. Socialist realism is ch ...

, c. 1920s–1960s *

Universal Constructivism Universal Constructivism (sometimes called Constructive Universalism) was a style of art created and developed by Joaquín Torres-García. Through the study and incorporation of basic geometric structure (Constructive) in the ancient and modern w ...

, c. 1930–1970

1940–1965

Abstract expressionism Abstract expressionism is a post–World War II art movement in American painting, developed in New York City in the 1940s. It was the first specifically American movement to achieve international influence and put New York at the center of the ...

* Action painting * Arte Povera * Art Informel * Assemblage * Beatnik art * Chicago Imagists * CoBrA, c. 1948–1951 * Color Field painting * Combine painting * De-collage *

Fluxus Fluxus was an international, interdisciplinary community of artists, composers, designers and poets during the 1960s and 1970s who engaged in experimental art performances which emphasized the artistic process over the finished product. Fluxus ...

Happening A happening is a performance, event, or situation art, usually as performance art. The term was first used by Allan Kaprow during the 1950s to describe a range of art-related events. History Origins Allan Kaprow first coined the term "happen ...

* Hard-Edge Painting * Kinetic Art * Kitchen Sink School * Lettrism *

Lyrical abstraction Lyrical abstraction is either of two related but distinct trends in Post-war Modernist painting: ''European Abstraction Lyrique'' born in Paris, the French art critic Jean José Marchand being credited with coining its name in 1947, considered ...

* Neo-Dada *

New Brutalism Brutalist architecture is an architectural style that emerged during the 1950s in the United Kingdom, among the reconstruction projects of the post-war era. Brutalist buildings are characterised by minimalist constructions that showcase the ba ...

* Northwest School * Nouveau Réalisme * Op Art * Organic abstraction * Outsider Art *

Panic Movement Panic Movement (''Mouvement panique'') was an art collective formed by Fernando Arrabal, Alejandro Jodorowsky, and Roland Topor in Paris in 1962. Inspired by and named after the god Pan, and influenced by Luis Buñuel and Antonin Artaud's Theatre ...

* Pop Art *

Post-painterly abstraction Post-painterly abstraction is a term created by art critic Clement Greenberg as the title for an exhibit he curated for the Los Angeles County Museum of Art in 1964, which subsequently travelled to the Walker Art Center and the Art Gallery of Toront ...

* Process art * Public art * Retro art *

Serial art Serial may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media The presentation of works in sequential segments * Serial (literature), serialised literature in print * Serial (publishing), periodical publications and newspapers * Serial (radio and televis ...

* Shaped canvas * Situationist International *

Tachism __NOTOC__ Tachisme (alternative spelling: Tachism, derived from the French word ''tache'', stain) is a French style of abstract painting popular in the 1940s and 1950s. The term is said to have been first used with regards to the movement in 19 ...

* Video art

1965–2000

File:Art & Language, Untitled Painting (1965), Tate Modern, London - 20130627.jpg, Art & Language, ''Untitled Painting'' (1965), Tate,

Conceptual art Conceptual art, also referred to as conceptualism, is art in which the concept(s) or idea(s) involved in the work take precedence over traditional aesthetic, technical, and material concerns. Some works of conceptual art, sometimes called ins ...

File:Art-LanguageV3No1-1974.jpg, Art & Language, '' Art-Language Vol.3 No.1'' (1974), Château de Montsoreau-Museum of Contemporary Art,

File:She Who Must Be Obeyed tony smith007.JPG, Tony Smith, ''She Who Must Be Obeyed'', 1975, Tony Smith Department of Labour Building, Minimalism File:Unititled (Corner Piece) by Dan Flavin, Tate Liverpool.jpg, Dan Flavin, ''Untitled (Corner Piece),'' 1930, Tate Liverpool,

Installation art Installation art is an artistic genre of three-dimensional works that are often site-specific and designed to transform the perception of a space. Generally, the term is applied to interior spaces, whereas exterior interventions are often called ...

* Abstract Illusionism * Appropriation * Arte Povera * Art Photography * Body Art *

Classical Realism Classical Realism is an artistic movement in the late-20th and early 21st century in which drawing and painting place a high value upon skill and beauty, combining elements of 19th-century neoclassicism and realism. Origins The term "Cla ...

Conceptual Art Conceptual art, also referred to as conceptualism, is art in which the concept(s) or idea(s) involved in the work take precedence over traditional aesthetic, technical, and material concerns. Some works of conceptual art, sometimes called ins ...

* Dogme 95 * Earth Art * Figuration Libre *

Funk art Funk art is an American art movement that was a reaction against the nonobjectivity of abstract expressionism. An anti-establishment movement, Funk art brought figuration back as subject matter in painting again rather than limiting itself to th ...

* Graffiti art *

Hyperrealism Jean Baudrillard ( , , ; 27 July 1929 – 6 March 2007) was a French sociologist, philosopher and poet with interest in cultural studies. He is best known for his analyses of media, contemporary culture, and technological communication, as ...

Internet Art upright=1.3, "Simple Net Art Diagram", a 1997 work by Michael Sarff and Tim Whidden Internet art (also known as net art) is a form of new media art distributed via the Internet. This form of art circumvents the traditional dominance of the phy ...

* Land art * Late modernism * Light and Space * Lowbrow *

Lyrical Abstraction Lyrical abstraction is either of two related but distinct trends in Post-war Modernist painting: ''European Abstraction Lyrique'' born in Paris, the French art critic Jean José Marchand being credited with coining its name in 1947, considered ...

* Mail art *

Massurrealism Massurrealism is a portmanteau word coined in 1992 by American artist James Seehafer, who described a trend among some postmodern artists that mix the aesthetic styles and themes of surrealism and mass media—including pop art.Adam"massurr ...

* Maximalism * Minimalism * Neo-Expressionism * Neo-figurative * Neo-pop *

Performance Art Performance art is an artwork or art exhibition created through actions executed by the artist or other participants. It may be witnessed live or through documentation, spontaneously developed or written, and is traditionally presented to a pu ...

* Postminimalism *

* Photorealism * Psychedelic art * Relational art * Site-specific art * Sound Art * Transavanguardia * Young British Artists

21st century

Algorithmic art Algorithmic art or algorithm art is art, mostly visual art, in which the design is generated by an algorithm. Algorithmic artists are sometimes called ''algorists''. Overview Algorithmic art, also known as computer-generated art, is a subset o ...

* Altermodernism * Biomorphism * Computer art *

Computer graphics Computer graphics deals with generating images with the aid of computers. Today, computer graphics is a core technology in digital photography, film, video games, cell phone and computer displays, and many specialized applications. A great de ...

* Craftivism *

Digital art Digital art refers to any artistic work or practice that uses digital technology as part of the creative or presentation process, or more specifically computational art that uses and engages with digital media. Since the 1960s, various name ...

Electronic Art Electronic art is a form of art that makes use of electronic media. More broadly, it refers to technology and/or electronic media. It is related to information art, new media art, video art, digital art, interactive art, internet art, and elec ...

* Empathism * Environmental art *

Excessivism Excessivism is an art movement. In 2015 American artist and curator Kaloust Guedel introduced it to the world with an exhibition titled ''Excessivist Initiative''. The review of the exhibition written by art critic and curator Shana Nys Dambrot, ...

*Intentism *

Internet art upright=1.3, "Simple Net Art Diagram", a 1997 work by Michael Sarff and Tim Whidden Internet art (also known as net art) is a form of new media art distributed via the Internet. This form of art circumvents the traditional dominance of the phy ...

* Intervention art *

Metamodernism Metamodernism is a term that refers to a range of developments observed in many areas of art, culture and philosophy, emerging in the aftermath of postmodernism, roughly at the turn of the 21st century. To many, it is characterized as mediations bet ...

* Modern European ink painting * Neo-minimalism * New Media Art * Pixel art * Post-postmodernism * Relational art *

Remodernism Remodernism revives aspects of modernism, particularly in its early form, and follows postmodernism, to which it contrasts. Adherents of remodernism advocate it as a forward and radical, not reactionary, impetus. In 2000, Billy Childish and Charles ...

Social practice (art) Social practice or socially engaged practice is an art medium that focuses on engagement through human interaction and social discourse. Social practice goes by many names, including relational aesthetics, new genre public art,abreu, manuel artu ...

* SoFlo Superflat * Stuckism International * Superflat *

Superstroke Superstroke is a term used for a contemporary art movement with its origins in South Africa. Superstroke is one of the influential art movements regarding African modernism and abstraction. The word "Superstroke" implies the super expressive brush ...

* Transgressive art *

Toyism Toyism is a contemporary art movement that originated in the 1990s in Emmen, Netherlands. The word symbolises the playful character of the artworks and the philosophy behind it. The suffix ''ism'' refers to motion or movements that exist in bo ...

* Unilalianism *

Vaporwave Vaporwave is a microgenre of electronic music, visual art style, and Internet meme that emerged in the early 2010s. It is defined partly by its slowed-down, chopped and screwed samples of smooth jazz, elevator, R&B, and lounge music fr ...

Postinternet upright=1.3, "Simple Net Art Diagram", a 1997 work by Michael Sarff and Tim Whidden Internet art (also known as net art) is a form of new media art distributed via the Internet. This form of art circumvents the traditional dominance of the phy ...

References

External links

the-artists.org
Art movements since 1900.

Compiled by Dr.Witcombe, Sweet Briar College, Virginia.
WebMuseum, Paris
Themes index and detailed glossary of art periods. {{Art world Art history Style Visual arts