Miao Miao may refer to:
* Miao people, linguistically and culturally related group of people, recognized as such by the government of the People's Republic of China
* Miao script or Pollard script, writing system used for Miao languages
* Miao (Unicode ...
Autonomous County (; usually referred to as "Zhenning County", commonly abbreviated as Zhenning (); Buyei: Zenqninf Buxqyaix Buxyeeuz Ziqziqxianq) is an autonomous county under the administration of the
prefecture-level city
A prefecture-level city () or prefectural city is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure.
During the Republican era, many of China' ...
In the 3rd century BC, Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County (Zhenning) was a part of an ancient political entity
Yelang
Yelang, also Zangke, was an ancient political entity first described in the 3rd century BC in what is now western Guizhou province, China. It was active for over 200 years. The state is known to modern Chinese from the idiom, "Yelang thinks too ...
.
In 233, in the 11th year of Jianxing period of
Shu Han
Han (; 221–263), known in historiography as Shu Han ( ) or Ji Han ( "Junior Han"), or often shortened to Shu (; pinyin: ''shŭ'' <
Song dynasty
The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest ...
, the powerful
Mongol Empire
The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous land empire in history. Originating in present-day Mongolia in East Asia, the Mongol Empire at its height stretched from the Sea of Japan to parts of Eastern Europe, ...
, began their conquest of Song Empire. The Mongolian army occupied Zhenning and it came under the jurisdiction of Hehong Zhou (). In 1351, in the 11th year of Zhizheng period of the
Yuan dynasty
The Yuan dynasty (), officially the Great Yuan (; xng, , , literally "Great Yuan State"), was a Mongol-led imperial dynasty of China and a successor state to the Mongol Empire after its division. It was established by Kublai, the fifth ...
(1271–1368), Hehong Prefecture was renamed "Zhenning Zhou" () and belonged to Puding Circuit ().
In 1385, in the ruling of
Hongwu Emperor
The Hongwu Emperor (21 October 1328 – 24 June 1398), personal name Zhu Yuanzhang (), courtesy name Guorui (), was the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty of China, reigning from 1368 to 1398.
As famine, plagues and peasant revolts in ...
of the
Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last ort ...
(1368–1644), Zhenning came under the jurisdiction of Sichuan ''Buzhengshisi'' (). Five years later, a military
garrison
A garrison (from the French ''garnison'', itself from the verb ''garnir'', "to equip") is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it. The term now often applies to certain facilities that constitute a mil ...
named "Anzhuangwei" () was founded in downtown Zhenning.
In 1671, in the reign of
Kangxi Emperor
The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 1654– 20 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, born Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1661 to 1 ...
of the
Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...
(1644–1911), Zhenning became an independent " Zhou" and under the administration of Anshun
Prefecture
A prefecture (from the Latin ''Praefectura'') is an administrative jurisdiction traditionally governed by an appointed prefect. This can be a regional or local government subdivision in various countries, or a subdivision in certain international ...
().
In 1914, Zhenning Zhou was revoked and Zhenning County was set up.
On November 21, 1949, the Communists took over Zhenning. In 1956, it came under the jurisdiction of
Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture
Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (; Buyei: ''Qianfnanf Buxqyaix Buxyeeuz ziqziqzouy''; Hmu: ''Qeef Naif Dol Yat Dol Hmub Zid Zid Zeb'') is an autonomous prefecture of Guizhou province, People's Republic of China, bordering Guangxi to ...
. In 1958, Guanling was briefly merged into Zhenning County and then separated in 1961. On September 11, 1963, it became an
autonomous county
Autonomous counties () and autonomous banners () are county-level autonomous administrative divisions of China. The two are essentially identical except in name.
There are 117 autonomous counties and three autonomous banners. The latter are fo ...
approved by the State Council of China. In 1964, it was under jurisdiction of
Liuzhi Special District
Liuzhi Special District () is a district of Guizhou
Guizhou (; formerly Kweichow) is a landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Guiyang, in the center of the province. G ...
. In 1981, Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County came under the jurisdiction of Anshun.
Administrative divisions
After an adjustment of township-level administrative divisions of Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County on January 14, 2016, the county has four subdistricts, eight towns and three townships under its jurisdiction.
Geography
Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County is located in the southwest of
Guizhou
Guizhou (; formerly Kweichow) is a landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Guiyang, in the center of the province. Guizhou borders the autonomous region of Guangxi to t ...
province. The county has a total area of . It borders Puding County and
Liuzhi Special District
Liuzhi Special District () is a district of Guizhou
Guizhou (; formerly Kweichow) is a landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Guiyang, in the center of the province. G ...
Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County is in the subtropical humid monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of , total annual rainfall of , a frost-free period of 279 to 345 days and annual average sunshine hours in 1142 hours. The highest temperature is , and the lowest temperature is .
Rivers
There are 31 rivers and streams in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County, which are tributaries of Dabang River and Qingshui River.
Zhenning River flows through the downtown county.
Lakes and reservoirs
There are three reservoirs in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County: Wang'er River Reservoir (), White Horse Reservoir (), Guijiahu Reservoir and Red Flag Lake。
Mountains
The highest point in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County is ''Maocaopo'' () which stands above sea level. The lowest point is in Liangtian, which, at above sea level.
Parks
Huancui Park () is an urban park in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County.
Economy
As of 2019, the GDP of Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County was 10.962 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP was 38162 yuan. Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County's economic engines are agriculture, animal husbandry, mining, paper industry, tourism, and plastic products industry.
Demographics
Population
As of 2019, the
National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China
The National Bureau of Statistics (), abbreviated as NBS, is an deputy-cabinet level agency directly under the State Council of the People's Republic of China. It is responsible for collection, investigation, research and publication of statis ...
estimates the county's population now to be 287,300. There are 23 ethnic groups living in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County, including Han, Buyei, Miao and Gelao.
Language
Mandarin
Mandarin or The Mandarin may refer to:
Language
* Mandarin Chinese, branch of Chinese originally spoken in northern parts of the country
** Standard Chinese or Modern Standard Mandarin, the official language of China
** Taiwanese Mandarin, Stand ...
is the official language. The local people speak both
Southwestern Mandarin
Southwestern Mandarin (), also known as Upper Yangtze Mandarin (), is a Mandarin Chinese language spoken in much of Southwest China, including in Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Guizhou, most parts of Hubei, the northwestern part of Hunan, the northe ...
and minority language.
Religion
The county government supports all religions. The local people mainly believe in
Buddhism
Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gra ...
and
Catholicism
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
.
Education
There are one high school, nine middle schools, sixty-nine primary schools, and sixty-four kindergartens in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County.
Transportation
China National Highway 320, commonly abbreviated as "National Highway 320", runs through the county.
The G60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway, commonly referred to as "Hukun Expressway", is a major northeast-southwest interstate that runs through western Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County and intersects with in Yanpo, just north of the county.
Zhensheng Expressway
Tourism
Tourism and related services are still developing in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County. The county is known worldwide for Huangguoshu Waterfall, which attracts a large number of tourists. The county's most visited
Buddhist temple
A Buddhist temple or Buddhist monastery is the place of worship for Buddhists, the followers of Buddhism. They include the structures called vihara, chaitya, stupa, wat and pagoda in different regions and languages. Temples in Buddhism represen ...
is Nianfo Temple (). The Red Flag Reservoir is a popular attraction. Major tourist destinations include Yelang Cave (), Rhinoceros Cave () and Shuangming Cave ().