Zyndram z Maszkowic (''Zyndram of Maszkowice'', c. 1355 – c. 1414) was a Polish 14th and 15th century
knight. His coat of arms was
Słońce.
Zyndram was first mentioned in 1388 as a mayor of
Jasło. He bought the post from a certain Jakusz Trzop for 100
grzywnas. He was also the Sword-bearer of the Crown. In February 1390, Zyndram took part in the military campaign against the
Teutonic Order. The following year, he was yet again called to arms and took part in several battles against the Order in Lithuania and northern Poland.
Zyndram was ordered to organize the defense of a nodal castle of
Kamieniec Litewski, east of the
Białowieża Forest. Probably for successfully fulfilling this task, he was promoted to the
starost
The starosta or starost (Cyrillic: ''старост/а'', Latin: ''capitaneus'', german: link=no, Starost, Hauptmann) is a term of Slavic origin denoting a community elder whose role was to administer the assets of a clan or family estates. Th ...
of Jasło. In 1409, Zyndram was called to arms by king
Władysław II Jagiełło to take part in his offensive against the Teutons. During the famous
Battle of Grunwald of 1410, Zyndram was the Grand Camp Leader of the Crown and commander of the Banner of Kraków, composed of elite troops and holding the banner of the whole army. According to ''Historiæ Polonicæ'' by
Ioannes Longinus
Joannes or John ( la, Iohannes; died 425) was western Roman emperor from 423 to 425.
On the death of the Emperor Honorius (15 August 423), Theodosius II, the remaining ruler of the House of Theodosius, hesitated in announcing his uncle's d ...
, it was the unit commanded by Zyndram that killed the Teutonic commander,
Ulrich von Jungingen. For many years, it was also believed that he was commander of all Polish troops in the battle, but recent research proved that this was but a wrong translation of Longinus' chronicle. His part in the battle was also described by
Henryk Sienkiewicz
Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz ( , ; 5 May 1846 – 15 November 1916), also known by the pseudonym Litwos (), was a Polish writer, novelist, journalist and Nobel Prize laureate. He is best remembered for his historical novels, especi ...
in his novel ''The Teutonic Knights''.
After the campaign, Zyndram returned to his domain. In 1413, he extended his domain by renting the village of Przesiecznica from the bishop of
Przemyśl
Przemyśl (; yi, פשעמישל, Pshemishl; uk, Перемишль, Peremyshl; german: Premissel) is a city in southeastern Poland with 58,721 inhabitants, as of December 2021. In 1999, it became part of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship; it was pr ...
in exchange for the defense of the area against the Tartars and bandits from the
Beskids. The exact date of his death is unknown, however on 5 June 1414 his wife, Anna, was mentioned as "Widow of Zyndram".
See also
*
Offices in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
An office is a space where an organization's employees perform administrative work in order to support and realize objects and goals of the organization. The word "office" may also denote a position within an organization with specific dut ...
*
Zyndram's Hill
Zyndram’s Hill (Polish language, pol. Góra Zyndrama) is an archaeological site located in southern Poland, in Maszkowice, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Maszkowice village, Gmina Łącko, Łącko commune. It was a prehistoric defensive settlement ...
External links
{{DEFAULTSORT:Zyndram of Maszkowic
Polish generals
Polish knights
1355 births
1414 deaths
People in the Battle of Grunwald