Zymolyase (also known as lyticase) is an enzyme mixture used to degrade the cell wall of

yeast Yeasts are eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms classified as members of the fungus kingdom. The first yeast originated hundreds of millions of years ago, and at least 1,500 species are currently recognized. They are estimated to constitut ...

and form

spheroplasts A spheroplast (or sphaeroplast in British usage) is a microbial cell from which the cell wall has been almost completely removed, as by the action of penicillin or lysozyme. According to some definitions, the term is used to describe Gram-negative ...

. Essential activities of zymolyase include β-1,3-glucan laminaripentao-hydrolase activity and β-1,3-glucanase activity. A common source of zymolyase is the Actinobacteria ''

Arthrobacter luteus ''Arthrobacter luteus'' (ALU) is a species of gram-positive bacteria in the genus '' Arthrobacter''. ''A. luteus'' is facultatively anaerobic, pleomorphic, branching, non-motile, non-sporulating, non-acid-fast, catalase-positive, and rod-shap ...

''. Commercial sources of zymolyase may have some residual protease activity. Fungi susceptible to zymolyase can be found in the order

Saccharomycetales Saccharomycetales belongs to the kingdom of Fungi and the division Ascomycota. It is the only order in the class Saccharomycetes. There are currently 13 families recognized as belonging to Saccharomycetales. GBIF also includes; Alloascoideaceae ...

. Saccharomycetales genera that zymolyase is known to have activity against include: '' Eremothecium'', '' Candida'', ''

Debaryomyces ''Debaryomyces'' is a genus of yeast Yeasts are eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms classified as members of the fungus kingdom. The first yeast originated hundreds of millions of years ago, and at least 1,500 species are currently r ...

'', '' Eremothecium'', ''

Endomyces ''Endomyces'' is a genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and bel ...

'', ''

Hansenula ''Pichia'' (''Hansenula'' and ''Hyphopichia'' are obsolete synonyms) is a genus of yeasts in the family Pichiaceae with spherical, elliptical, or oblong acuminate cells. ''Pichia'' is a teleomorph, and forms hat-shaped, hemispherical, or round as ...

'', ''

Hanseniaspora ''Hanseniaspora'' is a genus of yeasts. The name ''Kloeckera'' is applied to its anamorph form. They are typically apiculate (lemon-shaped) in shape and often found in grape musts pre-fermentation. The genus name ''Hanseniaspora'' honours Emil ...

'', ''Kloekera'', ''

Kluyveromyces ''Kluyveromyces'' is a genus of ascomycetous yeasts in the family Saccharomycetaceae. Some of the species, such as '' K. marxianus'', are the teleomorphs of '' Candida species''. The genus name of ''Kluyveromyces'' is in honour of Albert Jan Klu ...

'', '' Lipomyces'', ''Metschikowia'', ''

Pichia ''Pichia'' (''Hansenula'' and ''Hyphopichia'' are obsolete synonyms) is a genus of yeasts in the family Pichiaceae with spherical, elliptical, or oblong acuminate cells. ''Pichia'' is a teleomorph, and forms hat-shaped, hemispherical, or round asc ...

'', ''Pullularia'', ''

Saccharomyces ''Saccharomyces'' is a genus of fungi that includes many species of yeasts. ''Saccharomyces'' is from Greek σάκχαρον (sugar) and μύκης (fungus) and means ''sugar fungus''. Many members of this genus are considered very important in f ...

'', ''

Saccharomycopsis ''Saccharomycopsis'' is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Saccharomycopsidaceae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, cosmopolitan distribution is the term for the range of a taxon that extends across all or most ...

'', ''Schizosaccahromyces'', ''

Torulopsis ''Candida'' is a genus of yeasts and is the most common cause of fungal infections worldwide. Many species are harmless Commensalism, commensals or endosymbionts of hosts including humans; however, when Mucous membrane, mucosal barriers are disr ...

References

{{reflist Enzymes Actinomycetota