Zygmunt Łanowski (31 July 1911 – 30 August 1989) was a

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken *Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...

translator of

Swedish Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...

Finnish Finnish may refer to: * Something or someone from, or related to Finland * Culture of Finland * Finnish people or Finns, the primary ethnic group in Finland * Finnish language, the national language of the Finnish people * Finnish cuisine See also ...

, Icelandic,

Norwegian Norwegian, Norwayan, or Norsk may refer to: *Something of, from, or related to Norway, a country in northwestern Europe *Norwegians, both a nation and an ethnic group native to Norway *Demographics of Norway *The Norwegian language, including the ...

and

English language English is a West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, with its earliest forms spoken by the inhabitants of early medieval England. It is named after the Angles, one of the ancient Germanic peoples that migrated to the is ...

literature.

Early life and education

Son of Feliks Łanowski and Wiktoria née Piwocki, he was born in

Tarnopol Ternópil ( uk, Тернопіль, Ternopil' ; pl, Tarnopol; yi, טאַרנאָפּל, Tarnopl, or ; he, טארנופול (טַרְנוֹפּוֹל), Tarnopol; german: Tarnopol) is a city in the west of Ukraine. Administratively, Ternopi ...

and attended the classical III State Male Gymnasium named after King Stefan Batory in

Lviv Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in western Ukraine, and the seventh-largest in Ukraine, with a population of . It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main cultural centres of Ukraine ...

. In the years 1930–35 he studied law and diplomacy at the

University of Lviv The University of Lviv ( uk, Львівський університет, Lvivskyi universytet; pl, Uniwersytet Lwowski; german: Universität Lemberg, briefly known as the ''Theresianum'' in the early 19th century), presently the Ivan Franko Na ...

(University of John Casimir). After graduation, he became an assistant in the department of law at the same university. During

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, he was an officer of the Home Army, he was active in

Żegota Żegota (, full codename: the "Konrad Żegota Committee"Yad Vashem Shoa Resource CenterZegota/ref>) was the Polish Council to Aid Jews with the Government Delegation for Poland ( pl, Rada Pomocy Żydom przy Delegaturze Rządu RP na Kraj), an un ...

and cooperated with the Delegate of the Government in Exile, Adam Ostrowski. He was also the head of the radio monitoring of the Information and Propaganda Bureau of the Lviv Area. In July 1944, after the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...

entered Lviv, he was appointed adjutant to general

Władysław Filipkowski Władysław Filipkowski (noms de guerre ''Cis'' and ''Janka''; 1 May 1892 – 17 April 1950) was a Polish military commander and a professional officer of the Polish Army. During World War II he was the commanding officer of the Armia Krajowa unit ...

, then arrested by the

Soviets Soviet people ( rus, сове́тский наро́д, r=sovyétsky naród), or citizens of the USSR ( rus, гра́ждане СССР, grázhdanye SSSR), was an umbrella demonym for the population of the Soviet Union. Nationality policy in th ...

. From August 2, 1944 to December 9, 1947, he was imprisoned by the

NKVD The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (russian: Наро́дный комиссариа́т вну́тренних дел, Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del, ), abbreviated NKVD ( ), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union. ...

, first in the Diagilewo camp near

Ryazan Ryazan ( rus, Рязань, p=rʲɪˈzanʲ, a=ru-Ryazan.ogg) is the largest city and administrative center of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. The city is located on the banks of the Oka River in Central Russia, southeast of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census ...

, then in the Shora camp in the Mariinsky ASSR where he became seriously ill with

tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in ...

. At the end of 1947, he was transported back to

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

. In 1948, thanks to the help of the Swedish program ''Europahjälpen'', he ended up in

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

, where he underwent treatment and convalescence. From 1951 he was under the care of the Swedish humanitarian action, he spent almost eight years in Sweden and learned the Swedish language fluently. He returned to Poland in 1954 and settled in

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

. As a translator of Swedish literature, he made his debut in 1956 with the translation of Birger Vikström's short story Złote czas in the New signals magazine (Nowe signals, 1956, no. 8). He was the editor of an

anthology In book publishing, an anthology is a collection of literary works chosen by the compiler; it may be a collection of plays, poems, short stories, songs or excerpts by different authors. In genre fiction, the term ''anthology'' typically categ ...

of Swedish poetry and stories and a translator of works published as part of the Series of Scandinavian Writers. Łanowski's translation output includes both the classics of Swedish literature (plays and novellas by

August Strindberg Johan August Strindberg (, ; 22 January 184914 May 1912) was a Swedish playwright, novelist, poet, essayist and painter.Lane (1998), 1040. A prolific writer who often drew directly on his personal experience, Strindberg wrote more than sixty p ...

, the prose of

Pär Lagerkvist Pär Fabian Lagerkvist (23 May 1891 – 11 July 1974) was a Swedish author who received the 1951 Nobel Prize in Literature. Lagerkvist wrote poetry, plays, novels, short stories, and essays of considerable expressive power and influence from hi ...

Artur Lundkvist Nils Artur Lundkvist (3 March 1906 – 11 December 1991) was a Swedish writer, poet and literary critic. He was a member of the Swedish Academy from 1968. Artur Lundkvist published around 80 books, including poetry, prose poems, essays, short ...

Eyvind Johnson Eyvind Johnson (29 July 1900 – 25 August 1976) was a Swedish novelist and short story writer. Regarded as the most groundbreaking novelist in modern Swedish literature he became a member of the Swedish Academy in 1957 and shared the 1974 Nob ...

, anthologies of Swedish short stories and poetry), works of children's and youth literature ( Hans Peterson, Olle Matson), film scripts (

Ingmar Bergman Ernst Ingmar Bergman (14 July 1918 – 30 July 2007) was a Swedish film director, screenwriter, Film producer, producer and playwright. Widely considered one of the greatest and most influential filmmakers of all time, his films are known ...

), travel literature ( Eric Lundquist,

Thor Heyerdahl Thor Heyerdahl KStJ (; 6 October 1914 – 18 April 2002) was a Norwegian adventurer and ethnographer with a background in zoology, botany and geography. Heyerdahl is notable for his ''Kon-Tiki'' expedition in 1947, in which he sailed 8,000&nb ...

), sensational and criminal literature (Hans Krister Rönblom).

Awards

In 1968, he was the first Pole to receive the Swedish Academy award for translators of Swedish literature, and in 1977 an honorary doctorate from the

University of Uppsala Uppsala University ( sv, Uppsala universitet) is a public research university in Uppsala, Sweden. Founded in 1477, it is the oldest university in Sweden and the Nordic countries still in operation. The university rose to significance during ...

. In 1981, he received the . He was also awarded the Knight's Cross of the

Order of Polonia Restituta The Order of Polonia Restituta ( pl, Order Odrodzenia Polski, en, Order of Restored Poland) is a Polish state decoration, state Order (decoration), order established 4 February 1921. It is conferred on both military and civilians as well as on al ...

, the

Medal of the 40th Anniversary of People's Poland The Medal of the 40th Anniversary of People's Poland (Polish: ''Medal 40-lecia Polski Ludowej'') is a former civil decoration of Poland established by the Sejm The Sejm (English: , Polish: ), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Po ...

, as well as the Swedish Knight's Cross of the

Order of Vasa The Royal Order of Vasa () is a Swedish order of chivalry, awarded to citizens of Sweden for service to state and society especially in the fields of agriculture, mining and commerce. It was instituted on 29 May 1772 by King Gustav III. It was u ...

and the Knight's Cross of the

Order of the Polar Star The Royal Order of the Polar Star (Swedish: ''Kungliga Nordstjärneorden'') is a Swedish order of chivalry created by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Seraphim. The Order of the ...

Translation works

Frans Gunnar Bengtsson Frans Gunnar Bengtsson (4 October 1894 – 19 December 1954) was a Swedish novelist, essayist, poet and biographer. He was born in Tåssjö (now in Ängelholm Municipality) in Skåne and died at Ribbingsfors Manor in northern Västergötlan ...

, Rudy Orm. ** Ingmar Bergman (film scripts) ** Laterna magicica ** Fanny and Alexander ** From the life of puppets ** Snake's egg ** Autumn Sonata ** Face to face * Lars Bergquist, Memoirs of Arronax * Rolf Blomberg ** Bufo blombergi: hikes and adventures (selection) ** Gold and anacondas *

Bo Carpelan Baron Bo Gustaf Bertelsson Carpelan (25 October 1926 – 11 February 2011) was a Finland-Swedish poet and author. He published his first book of poems in 1946, and received his PhD in 1960. Carpelan, who wrote in Swedish, composed numerous books ...

** Paradise ** Arch: a story about a summer that was different *

Sven Delblanc Sven Delblanc ( May 26, 1931 - December 15, 1992) was Swedish author and professor of literature. Born in Swan River, Manitoba, Canada, Deblanc died in Gottsunda Parish, Uppsala, and is buried in Hammarby kyrkogård in Uppsala, Sweden. Delbl ...

** Speranza: A Contemporary Novel ** The river of remembrance Per Olov Enqvist, Night of Tribad * Per Gunnar Evander. The last day in the life of Vale Hedman *

Lars Gustafsson Lars Erik Einar Gustafsson (17 May 1936 – 3 April 2016) was a Swedish poet, novelist, and scholar. Among his awards were the in 2006, the Goethe Medal in 2009, the Thomas Mann Prize in 2015, and the International Nonino Prize in Italy in 2016 ...

** Death of the beekeeper ** Family holiday ** Wool *

Lars Gyllensten Lars Johan Wictor Gyllensten (12 November 1921 – 25 May 2006) was a Swedish author and physician, and a member of the Swedish Academy. Gyllensten was born and grew up in a middle-class family in Stockholm, son of Carl Gyllensten and Ingrid Ran ...

, The Diary of Cain *

Gunnar Harding Karl Gunnar Harding (born 11 June 1940) is a Swedish poet, novelist, essayist and translator, considered 'one of Sweden's foremost poets'. Among his other poetry collections is ''Starnberger See'' from 1977. Among his novels is ''Luffaren Svarta ...

, Poems (selection)

, Expedition Ra *

Tove Jansson Tove Marika Jansson (; 9 August 1914 – 27 June 2001) was a Swedish-speaking population of Finland, Swedish-speaking Finnish author, novelist, painter, illustrator and comic strip author. Brought up by artistic parents, Jansson studied art from ...

, Summer *

** Clouds over Metapont ** The surf waves *

Sylvi Kekkonen Sylvi Kekkonen ( Uino; 12 March 1900 — 2 December 1974) was a Finnish writer and the longest-serving First Lady of Finland. Personal life and family Sylvi Uino was born to a middle-class family, as the fourth child of a chaplain (later vicar) ...

, Amalia *

Gösta Knutsson Gösta Lars August Knutsson (original surname Johansson; 12 October 1908, in Stockholm – 4 April 1973) was a Swedish radio producer and writer of a popular series of children's books about the cat ''Pelle Svanslös''. Gösta Knutsson was born ...

, The Adventures of Filonka Bezogonka *

** Angle ** Midget ** Mariamne ** Evil ** Sibyl ** Pilgrim ** A visitor, in fact * Halldor Kiljan Laxness, The Flutist *

Sara Lidman Sara Adéla Lidman (30December 192317June 2004) was a Swedish writer. Early life Born in Missenträsk, a village in present Skellefteå Municipality, Lidman was raised in the Västerbotten region of northern Sweden. She studied at the Universi ...

, Conversations in Hanoi *

Gunnel Linde Gunnel Linde (14 October 1924 – 12 June 2014) was a Swedish writer who has written over forty children's books, among them ''Den vita stenen'' and '' I Am a Werewolf Cub''. In 1971, she was one of the founders of BRIS (''"Barnens rätt i samh� ...

** Our Eve's country ** Lurituri ** A white stone ** Lurituri *

Max Lundgren Max Lundgren (22 March 1937 – 27 May 2005) was a Swedish author of children's books. He debuted in 1962 with the book '' Hunden som äntligen visslade'', and has since written a total of about 50 books. Some of his books have become TV series, ...

, The Boy in the Golden Pants * Arthur Lundkvist ** The will of heaven ** Poetry in prose (selection) ** The Fall of Jericho: Stories (selection) ** Vindingen waltz ** Horses of the night and other stories about the world, people and myths (selection) ** Wind rose: travel experiences (selection) ** Frieze of life: novellas and short stories (selection) * Eric Lundquist, the Wilds are us * Olle Mattson ** Beach holiday ** Brig "Trzy Lilies" *

Folke Mellvig Karl Folke Sigvard Mellvig (23 May 1913 in Malmö, Sweden–4 September 1994 in Haninge Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden) was a Swedish writer and screenwriter. Mellvig was one of Sweden's most popular crime writers in the 1950s and 1960 ...

, Shots in Kalmar *

Henry Miller Henry Valentine Miller (December 26, 1891 – June 7, 1980) was an American novelist. He broke with existing literary forms and developed a new type of semi-autobiographical novel that blended character study, social criticism, philosophical ref ...

, Smile at the Foot of the Ladder * Jan Olof Olsson, Margareta Sjögren Niż over Ireland * Hans Peterson ** Peter in the countryside ** It's me, Piotr *

Pär Rådström Pär Kristian Rådström (29 August, 1925 – 29 August, 1963) was a Swedish writer and journalist. He also wrote popular songs and was a radio personality. His novel, ''Ärans portar'' (''The Gates of Glory''), published in 1954, was his first ...

, Murder * Hans Krister Rönblom, Death in a Pot *

** dramas: Miss Julia, Father, Creditors, Stronger, To Damascus, Erik XIV, Game of Dreams, Sonata of Ghosts, Dance of Death, Storm, Burnt, Krystyna, Sonata of Ghosts, Pelican, Master Olof, Colleagues, First Warning , Crimes and Crimes, Easter, Charles XII, Gustav III, Wielki Gościniec, Parias, ** novellas: Doll's house, Prize for virtue, Musiał, For payment, Remorse, Romantic sacristan from Rånö, Pastor's moose, Vow, Tailor arranges dances, Customs officer, Girls' love, Panning. ** manifestos: director's memorandum to members of the Intima Teatern ensemble *

Per Olof Sundman Per Olof Sundman (4 September 1922, Vaxholm – 9 October 1992, Stockholm) was a Swedish writer and politician. Sundman was born in Vaxholm. After World War II, Sundman joined the Centre Party and was elected to the Riksdag. Per Olof Sundman ...

** Expedition ** Two days, two nights ** Mr. Andree's engineer overhead voyage *

Birgitta Trotzig Birgitta Trotzig (11 September 1929 – 14 May 2011) was a Swedish writer who was elected to the Swedish Academy in 1993. She was one of Sweden's most celebrated authors, and wrote prose fiction and non-fiction, as well as prose poetry. Biography ...

, Barbara (translated together with Maria Olszańska) *

Mika Waltari Mika Toimi Waltari (; 19 September 1908 – 26 August 1979) was a Finnish writer, best known for his best-selling novel ''The Egyptian'' ( fi, Sinuhe egyptiläinen). He was extremely productive. Besides his novels he also wrote poetry, short stori ...

(translations from Swedish) ** Egyptian Sinuhe ** Karin, daughter of Mons ** A black angel ** Turms, immortal. ** Mikael Karvajalka ** Mikael Hakim * Maria Wine ** Poems (selection) ** A lion was shot: a selection of short stories and short stories (selection) Zygmunt Łanowski was also the author of the selection and the translator of works in the anthologies: * Human fate: an anthology of Swedish short stories and short stories. Poznań: Poznań Publishing House. 1965. * Roads in the Deep: an anthology of Swedish Sea Prose. Gdansk: Morskie Publishing House, 1971. * Ivory: Swedish novellas. Warsaw: Reader. 1972. * At the extreme seashore: an anthology of 20th century Swedish maritime poetry. Gdańsk: Morskie Publishing House, 1978. ISBN 83-215-6427-5 and editor of the following anthologies: * South of the Sahara: African Stories. Warsaw: State Publishing Institute, 1967. * Fertile granite: an anthology of Finnish fiction and stories. Poznań: Poznań Publishing House, 1970. * Werner Aspenström , Poems. Warsaw: UW Publishing House, 1976. * In the room of mirrors: an anthology of Swedish poetry (1928-1978). Poznań: Poznań Publishing House , 1980. ISBN 83-210-0075-4

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lanowski, Zygmunt 1911 births 1989 deaths Polish translators