Zoran Mušič (12 February 1909 – 25 May 2005), baptised as Anton Zoran Musič, was a Slovene painter,

printmaker Printmaking is the process of creating artworks by printing, normally on paper, but also on fabric, wood, metal, and other surfaces. "Traditional printmaking" normally covers only the process of creating prints using a hand processed technique ...

, and draughtsman. He was the only painter of Slovene descent who managed to establish himself in the elite cultural circles of Italy and France, particularly Paris in the second half of the 20th century, where he lived for most of his later life. He painted

landscapes A landscape is the visible features of an area of land, its landforms, and how they integrate with natural or human-made features, often considered in terms of their aesthetic appeal.''New Oxford American Dictionary''. A landscape includes the ...

still lifes A still life (: still lifes) is a work of art depicting mostly inanimate subject matter, typically commonplace objects which are either natural (food, flowers, dead animals, plants, rocks, shells, etc.) or human-made (drinking glasses, books, ...

portrait A portrait is a painting, photograph, sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face is always predominant. In arts, a portrait may be represented as half body and even full body. If the subject in full body better r ...

s, and

self-portrait Self-portraits are Portrait painting, portraits artists make of themselves. Although self-portraits have been made since the earliest times, the practice of self-portraiture only gaining momentum in the Early Renaissance in the mid-15th century ...

s, as well as scenes of horror from the

Dachau concentration camp Dachau (, ; , ; ) was one of the first concentration camps built by Nazi Germany and the longest-running one, opening on 22 March 1933. The camp was initially intended to intern Hitler's political opponents, which consisted of communists, s ...

and

vedute A ''veduta'' (; : ''vedute'') is a highly detailed, usually large-scale painting or, more often, print of a cityscape or some other vista. The painters of ''vedute'' are referred to as ''vedutisti''. Origins This genre of landscape originated ...

Venice Venice ( ; ; , formerly ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 islands that are separated by expanses of open water and by canals; portions of the city are li ...

Life

Early Life and Education

Zoran Mušič was born in a Slovene-speaking family in

Bukovica Bukovica may refer to: Croatia *Bukovica, Dalmatia, a geographical region in Croatia *Bukovica, Sisak-Moslavina County, a village near Topusko * Bukovica, Brod-Posavina County, a village near Rešetari * Nova Bukovica, a village and municipality ...

, a small village in the lower

Vipava Valley The Vipava Valley (; , , ) is a valley in the Slovenian Littoral, roughly between the village of Podnanos to the east and the border with Italy to the west. The main towns are Ajdovščina and Vipava. Geography The narrow valley of the Vipav ...

near

Gorizia Gorizia (; ; , ; ; ) is a town and (municipality) in northeastern Italy, in the autonomous region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia. It is located at the foot of the Julian Alps, bordering Slovenia. It is the capital of the Province of Gorizia, Region ...

, in what was then the

Austrian Austrian may refer to: * Austrians, someone from Austria or of Austrian descent ** Someone who is considered an Austrian citizen * Austrian German dialect * Something associated with the country Austria, for example: ** Austria-Hungary ** Austria ...

County of Gorizia and Gradisca The Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca (; ; ), historically sometimes shortened to and spelled "Goritz", was a crown land of the Habsburg dynasty within the Austrian Littoral on the Adriatic Sea, in what is now a multilingual border area of ...

(now in

Slovenia Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia, is a country in Central Europe. It borders Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the south and southeast, and a short (46.6 km) coastline within the Adriati ...

). Mušič's father Anton was the headmaster of the local school, and his mother Marija (née Blažič) was a teacher there. Both parents were

Slovenes The Slovenes, also known as Slovenians ( ), are a South Slavs, South Slavic ethnic group native to Slovenia and adjacent regions in Italy, Austria and Hungary. Slovenes share a common ancestry, Slovenian culture, culture, and History of Slove ...

from the

region: his father was from the village of Šmartno in the

Gorizia Hills The Gorizia Hills ( or ''Collio''; or ''Brda''; ) is a hilly microregion in western Slovenia and northeastern Italy. It lies on the right bank of the Soča (''Isonzo'') River, north of the Italian town of Gorizia, after which it is named. The r ...

, and his mother was born in the hamlet of Kostanjevica in the village of Lig.G. Zupan, Biography, Videnja Zorana Mušiča, Ljubljana, 2012. Mušič's father was mobilized and served on various battlefields during the First World War. In 1915, during the

Battles of the Isonzo The Battles of the Isonzo (also known as the Isonzo Front by historians, or the Soča Front - ) were a series of twelve battles between the Austria-Hungary, Austro-Hungarian and Italian armies in World War I mostly on the territory of present-d ...

, the family (his mother with two children) was forced to flee to Arnače, a village near

Velenje Velenje (; ''Leksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru,'' vol. 4: ''Štajersko''. 1904. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 272.) is the List of cities and towns in Slovenia, sixth-largest city of Slovenia, and t ...

in the

Duchy of Styria The Duchy of Styria (; ; ) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. It was a part of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution i ...

, where Zoran attended elementary school. In the spring of 1918, toward the end of

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

, the family moved back to Gorizia, but they were expelled again in late August 1919 by the

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance languag ...

authorities, which had occupied the region. They moved to Griffen in

Carinthia Carinthia ( ; ; ) is the southernmost and least densely populated States of Austria, Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The Lake Wolayer is a mountain lake on the Carinthian side of the Carnic Main ...

, but were expelled once again by the Austrian authorities after the

Carinthian Plebiscite The Carinthian plebiscite (, ) was held on 10 October 1920 in the area in southern Carinthia predominantly settled by Carinthian Slovenes. It determined the final border between the Republic of Austria and the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croa ...

in late October 1920. They finally settled in

Lower Styria Styria (, ), also known as Slovenian Styria (; ) or Lower Styria (; ) to differentiate it from Austrian Styria, is a traditional region in northeastern Slovenia, comprising the southern third of the former Duchy of Styria. The population of St ...

, then part of the

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a country in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941. From 1918 to 1929, it was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, but the term "Yugoslavia" () has been its colloq ...

. Mušič attended two high schools in

Maribor Maribor ( , , ; also known by other #Name, historical names) is the List of cities and towns in Slovenia, second-largest city in Slovenia and the largest city of the traditional region of Styria (Slovenia), Lower Styria. It is the seat of the ...

until September 1928. Afterward, he visited

Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...

for a short time. Between 1930 and 1935, he continued his studies at the Academy of Fine Arts in

Zagreb Zagreb ( ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, north of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the ...

. Mušič spoke Slovene,

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

, Croatian,

, French, and some Friulian.

Career

After graduating in 1934, he travelled extensively around Europe. He spent three months (April to June 1935) in Spain, mainly

Madrid Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It i ...

. Later he served his obligatory army service in Bileća (November 1935 to July 1936) in Yugoslavia. Later he spent each summer in

Dalmatia Dalmatia (; ; ) is a historical region located in modern-day Croatia and Montenegro, on the eastern shore of the Adriatic Sea. Through time it formed part of several historical states, most notably the Roman Empire, the Kingdom of Croatia (925 ...

while being based in Maribor and the nearby village of Hoče. In 1940, he moved to

Ljubljana {{Infobox settlement , name = Ljubljana , official_name = , settlement_type = Capital city , image_skyline = {{multiple image , border = infobox , perrow = 1/2/2/1 , total_widt ...

permanently. During this period (1942), he painted in two churches in his native

region, together with his friend, the painter

Avgust Černigoj Avgust Černigoj, also known in Italian as Augusto Cernigoi (August 24, 1898 – November 17, 1985), was a Yugoslav-era Slovenian painter known for his avant-garde experiments in Constructivism. Biography He was born in Trieste, to a Sloven ...

(in Drežnica and Grahovo) and later one in the village of Gradno with another Slovenian painter, Lojze Spacal. In October 1943, he moved to

Trieste Trieste ( , ; ) is a city and seaport in northeastern Italy. It is the capital and largest city of the Regions of Italy#Autonomous regions with special statute, autonomous region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, as well as of the Province of Trieste, ...

and for some weeks for the first time to

. He had his first one-man show (outside Yugoslavia) in Trieste and several months later in Venice. In early October 1944, he was arrested by the

Nazi German Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictat ...

forces because he was in a group of Slovene anti-fascists. The group had hidden a transmitter and was connected with the British IS. His drawing and painting in Venice raised suspicions that he was a spy, and a month later he was sent to the

, where he made more than 180 sketches of life in the camp, some under extremely difficult circumstances. From the drawings, mainly created in May 1945, he managed to save around one hundred (some more with his friends). After liberation by the

Americans Americans are the Citizenship of the United States, citizens and United States nationality law, nationals of the United States, United States of America.; ; Law of the United States, U.S. federal law does not equate nationality with Race (hu ...

on April 29, 1945, Mušič returned to his hometown of Ljubljana in early June. There, he was sent to the hospital in Golnik. A month later he was subjected to pressures by the newly established

communist regime A communist state, also known as a Marxist–Leninist state, is a one-party state in which the totality of the power belongs to a party adhering to some form of Marxism–Leninism, a branch of the communist ideology. Marxism–Leninism was ...

and moved to Gorizia at the end of July 1945. In the following months he travelled in the

and

Istria Istria ( ; Croatian language, Croatian and Slovene language, Slovene: ; Italian language, Italian and Venetian language, Venetian: ; ; Istro-Romanian language, Istro-Romanian: ; ; ) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. Located at th ...

area, spending some time in Pinguente (

Buzet Buzet (; ; ) is a town in Istria, west Croatia, population 6,133 (2011). The historical core of Buzet dates back to the Middle Ages, and today Buzet is known as the town of truffles. Buzet is also known as the home of Croatian motorsport, and eve ...

). In October 1945, he settled in Venice with the help of the Cadorin family and returned to painting. In September 1949, he married the Venetian painter Ida Cadorin Barbarigo there. He also painted a room in Vila Dornacher near Zurich during the same period. In 1950 he prepared a huge tapestry,'Marco Polo on his way to China' for the passenger ship Augustus. At the same time he won the Gualino prize and in 1956 the Grand Prize for his printmaking at the

Venice Biennale The Venice Biennale ( ; ) is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy. There are two main components of the festival, known as the Art Biennale () and the Venice Biennale of Architecture, Architecture Biennale (), ...

. In 1951 he was awarded the

Prix de Paris Prix was an American power pop band formed in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1975 by Tommy Hoehn and Jon Tiven. The group ended up primarily as a studio project. Its recordings were produced by Tiven along with former Big Star member Chris Bell, who a ...

, (jointly with Antonio Corpora) for his colorful paintings of Dalmatia. After 1952 he lived mainly in Paris, where the 'lyrical abstraction' of the French Informel determined the art world. He was a part of the third Ecole de Paris and exhibited at the Galerie de France. this period he kept his studio in Venice and exhibited again at the Biennale in 1960, when he was awarded the

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO ) is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and International secur ...

Prize. The much acclaimed series ''We Are Not the Last'', in which the artist transformed the terror of his experiences in the concentration camp into documents of universal tragedy, was made in the 1970s. His last achievement was a series of Selfportratis and Double portraits. He had problems with his eyesight in his old age. Partly blind, he signed his last drawings in 2000. In 1981 Mušič was appointed '' Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres'' in Paris. Mušič's work has been honoured in numerous international exhibitions, such as the large retrospective exhibition at the

Grand Palais The (; ), commonly known as the , is a historic site, exhibition hall and museum complex located in the 8th arrondissement of Paris between the Champs-Élysées and the Seine, France. Construction of the began in 1897 following the demolitio ...

in Paris in 1995, opened by the French and Slovenian presidents

François Mitterrand François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (26 October 19168 January 1996) was a French politician and statesman who served as President of France from 1981 to 1995, the longest holder of that position in the history of France. As a former First ...

and

Milan Kučan Milan Kučan (; born 14 January 1941) is a Slovenian former politician who served as the first President of Slovenia from 1991 to 2002. Before being president of Slovenia, he was the 13th President of Slovenia#Socialist Republic of Slovenia, Pres ...

. At the same time Austrians promised him a permanent exhibition in Klagenfurt. It was never established. A huge part of his works were taken from his studio and never returned, to the painter or his wife. In 1991, a permanent collection of 134 graphic works donated by Zoran Mušič was opened at Dobrovo Castle in Brda. The first installation was curated by Nelida Silič Nemec, director of the Museum () in Nova Gorica. A catalog was published with a list of the donated works, a biography with quotations from Zoran Mušič, and three introductory studies by N. S. Nemec (The Permanent Collection of Graphic Works by Zoran Mušič), Nace Šumi (Zoran Mušič in Slovenian Painting), and Zoran Kržišnik (The Graphic Creativity of Zoran Mušič). In 1991, Mušič received the Prešeren Award for lifetime achievement, the highest recognition in the arts in Slovenia. Some of Mušič's works have been featured at Piran Coastal Galleries.Obalne galerije Piran – Arhivi – ZORAN MUŠIČ , 1909–2005 , Slike, gvaši, risbe
/ref> Gallery Zala from Ljubljana prepared seven exhibitions (four in Ljubljana, and one each in Belgrade, Vienna, and London). A large, important retrospective was presented at the Modern Gallery in Ljubljana in November 2009. The Slovene Academy of Sciences and Arts published a volume written by 20 authors from Slovenia, Croatia, Austria, Italy, and France (''Vizije Zorana Mušiča'') in November 2012. This is the most comprehensive and with exact researches written book about painter, his life and work. The only permanent exhibition of his various works (paintings, prints, and drawings) was opened at the National Gallery in Ljubljana in 2016. Jean Clair, Vanda Mušič and Gojko Zupan wrote a catalogue for the permanent exhibition. A large temporary exhibition of selected works was prepared at Lugano's ''Collezione Braglia'' in October 2016. Another exhibition took place in Venice at the Fortuny Museum in spring 2018: A Tribute to Zoran Mušič, The Zurich Room. The Leopold Museum in Vienna opened a large retrospective exhibition in April 2018 with 167 selected works. The first doctoral thesis related to Mušič was prepared by Aurora Fonda at the University of Padua: L'opera giovanile di Zoran Music, Padova, 2011, which dealt with the painter's early oeuvre, with a detailed inventory of his works. Mušič's painting and Merleau-Ponty's philosophy of painting were brought together in a PhD in 2016 by Dr Nelida Nemec. She juxtaposed philosophical views on painting and the perception of the philosopher with the artistic practice and views of the painter Mušič. From Merleau-Ponty's thesis that the painter and the philosopher share the same problem, the research mirrors the connection between Mušič's painting and the philosopher's conception of painting, and a new appreciation and broader vision and interpretation of their work. This was followed by a French, extensive and detailed, doctorate by Etienne David. It deals with the key works of the Slovenian painter and compares his oeuvre with that of Jean Fautrier. Mušič died in Venice in 2005 at the age of 96. He is buried in the local St. Michele cemetery.

Exhibitions (selection of personal presentations)

* 1942: ''Zoran Mušič.'' Galerija Obersnel, Ljubljana, (February) * 1944: ''Zoran Music. 25 oeuvres exposées.'' Piccola Galleria, Venice (June 17 – July 8) * 1960: ''Music. Peintures et gouaches.'' Galerie_de_France, Paris (February 26 – March 20) * 1964: ''Music. Zeichnungen und Graphik.'' Kunstmuseum Basel (May 9 – June 14) * 1967: ''Zoran Anton Music. Retrospektivna razstava.'' Moderna Galerija, Ljubljana (April 14 – May 7) * 1978: ''Music, le temps d'une mémoire. Rétrospective: Toiles – Aquarelles – Gouaches – Dessins de 1951 à 1977.'' Galerie de France, Paris (April 4 – May 20) * 1991: ''Collection of graphic works by Zoran.'' Gallery of Zoran Music. Dobrovo Castle. Slovenia. * 1992–93: ''Music, Arbeiten auf Papier von 1945 bis 1992.'' Graphische Sammlung Albertina, Vienna (November 25 – January 31) * 1995: ''Zoran Music.'' Galeries nationales du Grand Palais, Paris (April 4 – July 3) * 1995: ''Zoran Music. Nous ne sommes pas les derniers, Peintures, Dessins, Gravures.'' Musée des Beaux-Arts de Caen, Caen (May 18 – August 16) * 1995–96: ''Zoran Music: Die späten Jahre.'' Bayerische Akademie der Schönen Künste, Munich (November 24 – January 14) * 1997: ''Zoran Music.'' Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt, Frankfurt Main (April 24 – June 29) * 1997: ''Zoran Music.'' MMG Gallery, Tokyo (August) * 1998: ''Zoran Music: gli acquerelli veneziani 1947–1949.'' Museo Morandi – Instituzione Galleria d'Arte Moderna, Bologna (January 22 – April 13) * 2006: ''Music in Slovene private Collections (1935–1997).'' Galerija Zala, Ljubljana (November 24 – December 22) * 2009: ''A Spanish vision, February.'' National Gallery of Slovenia, Ljubljana (12. February – March) * 2009: ''Zoran Mušič in private and public collections, November 2009 – February 2010.'' Modern Gallery of Slovenia, Ljubljana * 2009: ''Zoran Mušič v slovenskih zasebnih zbirkah III.'' Galerija Zala, Ljubljana (February) * 2016: ''Zoran Mušič, Permanent collection.'' National Gallery of Slovenia, Ljubljana * 2018: ''Omaggio a Zoran Music. La Stanza di Zurigo.'' Museo Fortuny, Venezia (Febbraio) * 2018: ''Zoran Music. Poesie der Stille.'' Leopold Museum, Vienna (April 13 – August 6) * 2019: ''Zoran Music.'' Gallery W&K – Wienerroihter & Kohlbacher, Vienna (May 22 – September 13) * 2019: ''Music in Slovene private Collections VII.'' Galerija Zala, Ljubljana (June 6 – June 25) * 2019: ''Zoran Mušič. '' Galerija in antikvitete Novak, Ljubljana (October 24 – November 9) * 2020: ''Zoran Mušič.'' "The fascination of painting". Klagenfurt, (January 23 – March 1) * 2020: ''Zoran Mušič.''111 catalogues for the 111 Anniversary.'' National Gallery, Ljubljana. (February 11 – May 30) * 2020: ''Zoran Mušič.'' "Drawings from Dachau," Modern Gallery, Ljubljana. (February 27 – July 1) * 2022: ''Zoran Mušič.'' Il viaggio della vita, Galleria Comunale, Monfalcone. (8 Ottobre – 27 Novembre) * 2022: ''Zoran Mušič.'' La Stanza di Zurigo, Chur, Kunstmuseum Bündner * 2025: ''Zoran Mušič.'' Nove pridobitve, Galerija Novak, Ljubljana (February 12) * 2025: ''Zoran Mušič.'' Pokrajina teles, Dobrovo (May 15 - September 5) * 2025: ''Zoran Mušič.'' LA STANZA DI ZURIGO, L'ATELIER, LE OPERE, Gorizia / Gorica, (May 25)

Museums and galleries

Austria * Albertina, Vienna * Essl Museum – Contemporary Art, Klosterneuburg/Vienna * StadtGalerie, Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt * Gallery Magnet, Völkermarkt/Carinthia Chile * Museo de la Solidaridad Salvador Allende, Santiago de Chile Croatia * Galerija Moderne umjetnosti, Zagreb * Muzej moderne i sodobne umjetnosti, Rijeka France * Musée des Beaux-Arts, Caen * Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris * Musée National du Louvre, Paris, prints * Centre National Georges Pompidou, Paris, 10 drawings from Dachau * Musée Malraux, Le Havre * Musée de Valence, Valence * Musée des Beaux-Arts, Dijon Germany * Museum Abteiberg, Mönchengladbach * Museum Folkwang, Essen * Neue Pinakothek, München Italy * Galleria d'Arte Moderna, Bologna * Galleria internazionale d'Arte Moderna Ca' Pesaro, Venice * Museo Fortuny, Venice * Galleria Nazionale, Rome, tapestry * GaMeC galleria, Bergamo, painting * Musei Provinciali di Gorizia, Gorizia, paintings * Museo Morandi, Bologna * Musei Civici, Treviso * Museo Revoltella, Trieste, 24 drawings from Dachau * MAGI '900- Museum of Artistic and Historical Excellence, Pieve di Cento (BO) Israel * Yad Vashem museum, Jerusalem Netherlands * Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam Slovenia * Nova Gorica Regional Museum / Castle Kromberk, Zoran Mušič Gallery, Dobrovo, permanent exhibition: prints * Veno Pilon Gallery, Ajdovščina: drawings * City Museum of Ljubljana, Ljubljana * Museum of Modern Art, Ljubljana, drawings, prints, paintings * Museum of Contemporary History, Ljubljana, print * National Gallery of Slovenia, Ljubljana, permanent exhibition: paintings, sketches, prints * Maribor Art Gallery, Maribor, paintings, prints * Museum of White Carniola (Bela krajina), Kambič Collection, Metlika, part of the permanent exhibition in the Kambič Gallery; paintings, prints, drawings * Carinthia Art History Gallery, Slovenj Gradec Spain * Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid * Collecio IVAM, Valencia Sweden * Museum, Stockholm Switzerland * Kunstmuseum, Basel * Fondazione Braglia, Lugano * Musée Jenisch, Vevey United Kingdom * Estorick Collection, London * Tate Modern, London United States * Art Institute of Chicago * Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh * Cleveland Museum of Art * Dallas Museum of Art * Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco * List Visual Arts Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. * Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York * Museum of Modern Art, New York * Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia Vatican * Vatican Museums, Collection of Contemporary Art

References

External links

A tribute to Zoran Music with photos and recent exhibitions

Zoran Mušič web page

Zoran Mušič biography on Widewalls

– Michael Glover, ''The Independent''
Venice Pays Homage to Zoran Music with Exhibition at Palazzo Franchetti
– artdaily.org
A life of wandering
– Andrew Lambirth, ''The Spectator'', 29 July 2000

{{DEFAULTSORT:Music, Zoran 1909 births 2005 deaths People from the Municipality of Renče-Vogrsko Slovenian male painters Slovenian printmakers Members of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts Prešeren Award laureates Dachau concentration camp survivors Academy of Fine Arts, University of Zagreb alumni Burials at Isola di San Michele Jakopič Award laureates 20th-century Italian painters Italian male painters 21st-century Italian painters Yugoslav artists 20th-century Italian male artists 21st-century Italian male artists