Zoltán Lajos Bay (July 24, 1900 in Gyulavári – October 4, 1992 in

Washington, D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...

)"Fizikai Szemle 1999/5 - Zsolt Bor: OPTICS BY HUNGARIANS" (with Zoltán Bay), József Attila University,

Szeged Szeged ( , ; see also other alternative names) is the third largest city of Hungary, the largest city and regional centre of the Southern Great Plain and the county seat of Csongrád-Csanád county. The University of Szeged is one of the m ...

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...

, 199
KFKI-Hungary-Bor
/ref> was a Hungarian physicist, professor, and engineer who developed technologies, including

tungsten Tungsten, or wolfram, is a chemical element with the symbol W and atomic number 74. Tungsten is a rare metal found naturally on Earth almost exclusively as compounds with other elements. It was identified as a new element in 1781 and first isol ...

lamps and

microwave Microwave is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from about one meter to one millimeter corresponding to frequencies between 300 MHz and 300 GHz respectively. Different sources define different frequency ra ...

devices. He was the leader of the second group to observe

radar Radar is a detection system that uses radio waves to determine the distance ('' ranging''), angle, and radial velocity of objects relative to the site. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, we ...

echoes from the

Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width of ...

( Moonbounce). From 1930, he worked at the

University of Szeged , mottoeng = Truth. Bravery. Freedom. , established = , type = Public research university , founder = Emperor Franz Joseph I , affiliation = European University Association, Science Without Borders, Confucius Institute , budget = US$220 m ...

as a professor of

theoretical physics Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain and predict natural phenomena. This is in contrast to experimental physics, which uses experim ...

. In 1923 at Tungsram Ltd., a research laboratory was established for improving light sources, mainly electric bulbs. The head of that laboratory was Ignác Pfeifer, whose research staff included Zoltán Bay, along with

Tivadar Millner Tivadar Millner (7 March 1899 – 28 October 1988) "Fizikai Szemle 1999/5 - Zsolt Bor: OPTICS BY HUNGARIANS" (with Pál Selényi), József Attila University, Szeged, Hungary, 1999, webpage: KFKI-Hungary-Bor was a Hungarian chemical ...

Imre Bródy Imre Bródy (1891, Gyula, HungaryAntal Papp: Magyarország (Hungary), Panoráma, Budapest, 1982, , p. 860, pp. 453-456–1944, Mühldorf) was a Hungarian physicist who invented in 1930 the krypton-filled fluorescent lamps (also known as the kr ...

György Szigeti György Szigeti (29 January 1905 – 27 November 1978), "Fizikai Szemle 1999/5 - Zsolt Bor: Optics by Hungarians" (with Zoltan Bay), József Attila University, Szeged, Hungary, 1999, webpage: KFKI-Hungary-Bor also known as Gyorgy Szige ...

Ernő Winter Ernő Winter (15 March 1897 – 2 June 1971) "Fizikai Szemle 1999/5 - Zsolt Bor: OPTICS BY HUNGARIANS" (with Ernő Winter József Attila University, Szeged, Hungary, 1999, webpage:KFKI-Hungary-Bor was an engineer who developed barium lamps."GE Li ...

, and many others.

worked together with Zoltán Bay on metal-vapor lamps and fluorescent light sources. They received a U.S. patent on "Electroluminescent light sources" which were made of silicon carbide; these light sources were the ancestors of

light-emitting diode A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light when current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons. The color of the light (co ...

s ( LEDs). In 1955, Zoltán Bay became head of the Department of Nuclear Physics in the National Bureau of Standards (NBS, called today NIST), where he measured the velocity and frequency of light by a previously unknown measurement method."Zoltán Bay, whose name the Foundation bears" (life), Bay Zoltán Institute of Logistics and Production Engineering (Bay-Logi), Bay Zoltán Foundation for Applied Research, 1994, webpag
BZLogi Biography at Bay Zoltán Foundation
As a result of Bay's research, the 1983 conference of the International Weights and Measures Bureau accepted, as a standard, the definition of a

meter The metre (British spelling) or meter (American spelling; see spelling differences) (from the French unit , from the Greek noun , "measure"), symbol m, is the primary unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), though its pref ...

(metre)''Resolution 1 of the 17th CGPM''
( CGPM, 1983), retrieved from BIPM database (BIPM, n.d.) on 24 August 2008. as recommended by Zoltán Bay. In 1998, the State of Israel recognized him as among the

Righteous Among the Nations Righteous Among the Nations ( he, חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם, ; "righteous (plural) of the world's nations") is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe non-Jews who risked their lives during the Holocaust to sa ...

and listed his name at

Yad Vashem Yad Vashem ( he, יָד וַשֵׁם; literally, "a memorial and a name") is Israel's official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust. It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Jews who were murdered; honoring Jews who fought against th ...

as rescuer number 6497.http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/pdf-drupal/hungary.pdf this is the only correct mention of Zoltán Lajos I found on Yad Vshem website A relative with the same name invented Bay radial speaker:BayZ

Notes

External links

KFKI notes on Zoltan Bay

Zoltan Bay Foundation for Applied Research
* http://hackaday.com/2013/11/19/retrotechtacular-zoltan-bays-moon-bounce-coulometer-signal-amplifier/ * https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF03161123 * http://soldersmoke.blogspot.hu/2013/11/zoltan-bay-and-his-chemical-moonbounce.html * https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4218/ch1.htm {{DEFAULTSORT:Bay, Zoltan 1900 births 1992 deaths People from Gyula Hungarian emigrants to the United States Hungarian inventors Hungarian nuclear physicists Hungarian Righteous Among the Nations Members of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences University of Szeged faculty George Washington University faculty Fellows of the American Physical Society

Notes

Further reading

External links