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Zoe Țapu (29 April 1934 – 11 February 2013) was a Romanian agronomist who created an original variety of
/ref> In 1980 she received the
Cinci decenii de ameliorare a grâului la Fundulea
/ref>Woolston J. E. Wheat, barley, and triticale cultivars: A list of publications in which national scientists have noted the cooperation or germplasm they received from CIMMYT, CIMMYT, 1997, p. 78 In order to achieve that, she used dwarf plants from CIMMYT, which survived to a mild winter, back-crossing them with Romanian durum wheat varieties.Crăciun, T., and V. IONESCU-SISEȘTI. "PERFORMANCE OF SOME NEW WINTER WHEAT LINES IN IRRIGATED AND NON—IRRIGATED COMPARATIVE TRIALS." Lucrări științifice: Agronomie 17 (1977): 14. Repeated selection for cold resistance of semi-dwarf variants led to the creation of the first semi-dwarf winter durum wheat varieties, Topaz (1977) and Rodur (1984).Verzea M. FIFTY YEARS OF BREEDING IN FIELD CROPS, AT THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FUNDULEA, ROMANIA ROMANIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH Number 24/2007 This new type of wheat set the ground for further progress in durum wheat breeding in many countries.
/ref>
Zoe Țapu (29 April 1934 – 11 February 2013) was a Romanian agronomist who created an original variety of durum wheat
Durum wheat (), also called pasta wheat or macaroni wheat (''Triticum durum'' or ''Triticum turgidum'' subsp. ''durum''), is a Polyploid, tetraploid species of wheat. It is the second most cultivated species of wheat after common wheat, although ...
, adapted to the climate in Central and Eastern Europe and other similar regions of the world. She was described as a pioneer of durum wheat breeding in Romania.
Biography
She was born in Ploiesti, Romania and graduated from the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine in Bucharest, earning the doctoral degree in agronomic sciences in 1974. Since 1957 she worked at the newly founded Institute for Maize Breeding, and then at theResearch Institute for Cereals and Industrial Crops The Research Institute for Cereals and Industrial Crops (INCDA, ''Institutul de Cercetări pentru Cereale și Plante Tehnice Fundulea'') is a government research institute in Fundulea, Romania. It was founded in 1962 as a branch of the Agronomical R ...
, from 1962 to 1990, when she retired.INCDA Fundulea – Câteva din rezultate: ameliorare și genetică/ref> In 1980 she received the
Ion Ionescu de la Brad
Ion Ionescu de la Brad (June 24, 1818 – December 16, 1891), born Ion Isăcescu, was a Moldavian, later Romanian revolutionary, agronomist, statistician, scholar, and writer.
Born in Roman, he was the son of a Moldavian Orthodox priest. Ione ...
Prize of the Romanian Academy for her research on transgressive heredity in winter wheat.
She died from heart failure in Ploiești on 11 February 2013.
Scientific achievements
Proving the possibility of obtaining high yield cultivars from parents with low productivity (throughheterosis
Heterosis, hybrid vigor, or outbreeding enhancement is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. An offspring is heterotic if its traits are enhanced as a result of mixing the genetic contributions of ...
),Ceapoiu, N. (red.) Grîul, Ed. Academiei, 1984, p. 241 between 1967 and 1989, Zoe Țapu developed a research program for improving winter durum wheat, in order to obtain cultivars with fall resistance and high yield, using height-reduction gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...
s from summer durum developed at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center
The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (known - even in English - by its Spanish acronym CIMMYT for ''Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo'') is a non-profit research-for-development organization that develops im ...
in Mexico.Săulescu N.N. (2003). ''The Romanian durum breeding program''. In Durum Wheat Breeding: Current Approaches and Future Strategies (editors Conxita Royo and Natale Di Fonzo), The Haworth Press, Inc., New York: 907–920. Săulescu N. N., Ittu G., Ittu Mariana, Mustățea PCinci decenii de ameliorare a grâului la Fundulea
/ref>Woolston J. E. Wheat, barley, and triticale cultivars: A list of publications in which national scientists have noted the cooperation or germplasm they received from CIMMYT, CIMMYT, 1997, p. 78 In order to achieve that, she used dwarf plants from CIMMYT, which survived to a mild winter, back-crossing them with Romanian durum wheat varieties.Crăciun, T., and V. IONESCU-SISEȘTI. "PERFORMANCE OF SOME NEW WINTER WHEAT LINES IN IRRIGATED AND NON—IRRIGATED COMPARATIVE TRIALS." Lucrări științifice: Agronomie 17 (1977): 14. Repeated selection for cold resistance of semi-dwarf variants led to the creation of the first semi-dwarf winter durum wheat varieties, Topaz (1977) and Rodur (1984).Verzea M. FIFTY YEARS OF BREEDING IN FIELD CROPS, AT THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FUNDULEA, ROMANIA ROMANIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH Number 24/2007 This new type of wheat set the ground for further progress in durum wheat breeding in many countries.
Patented wheat varieties
*''Dacia'' (1971) T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, Clemența Miclea, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu *''Excelsior'' (1971) T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, Clemența Miclea, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu *''Iulia'' (1974) N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu, G. Ittu, M. Ionescu-Cojocaru, Floare Negulescu, T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, Elena Oproiu, C. Milică *''Ceres'' (1974) N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu, G. Ittu, M. Ionescu-Cojocaru, Floare Negulescu, T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, Elena Oproiu, C. Milică *''Ileana'' (1974) N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu, G. Ittu, M. Ionescu-Cojocaru, Floare Negulescu, T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, Elena Oproiu, C. Milică *''Diana'' (1976) N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu, G. Ittu, M. Ionescu-Cojocaru, Floare Negulescu, T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, Elena Oproiu, C. Milică *''Doina'' (1977) N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu, G. Ittu, M. Ionescu-Cojocaru, Floare Negulescu *''Topaz'' (1977) Zoe Țapu *''Rodur'' (1984) Zoe Țapu *''Pandur'' (1997) Zoe Țapu, P. Mustatea, N. Săulescu, G. Ittu, Mariana IttuTapu Zoe – Patents observer/ref>
See also
*Cecil Salmon
Samuel Cecil Salmon (1885–1975) was an agronomist who was attached to the American occupying forces in Japan after World War II. He worked for the Agricultural Research Service and during his time in Japan, Salmon collected 16 varieties of wh ...
* Green Revolution
* Norman Borlaug
* Orville Vogel Orville Vogel (1907–1991) was an American scientist and wheat breeder whose research made possible the "Green Revolution" in world food production.
Life and career
Orville Alvin Vogel was born in Pilger, Stanton County, Nebraska, one of the four ...
Notes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tapu, Zoe 1934 births 2013 deaths Romanian agronomists