Zlatopil ( uk, Златопіль; also as the Russian transliteration Zlatopol) was a small city in

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

, located about 67 km northwest of

Kropyvnytskyi Kropyvnytskyi ( uk, Кропивницький, Kropyvnytskyi ) is a city in central Ukraine on the Inhul river with a population of . It is an administrative center of the Kirovohrad Oblast. Over its history, Kropyvnytskyi has changed its name ...

History

The name of this village before 1787 was Hulajpol. During the

partitions of Poland The Partitions of Poland were three partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place toward the end of the 18th century and ended the existence of the state, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland and Lithuania for 12 ...

many residents of the town resettled near the

Sea of Azov The Sea of Azov ( Crimean Tatar: ''Azaq deñizi''; russian: Азовское море, Azovskoye more; uk, Азовське море, Azovs'ke more) is a sea in Eastern Europe connected to the Black Sea by the narrow (about ) Strait of Kerch, ...

establishing another town of

Huliaipole Huliaipole ( uk, Гуляйполе ; ) is a city in Polohy Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine. It is known as the birthplace of Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary Nestor Makhno. In 2021, it had a population of Huliaipole was Battle of Huliaipole ...

.Sklyarenko, Ye.
Huliaipole (ГУЛЯЙПОЛЕ)
''. Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. 2004 In ХІХ century Zlatopol was the center of Zlatopol

volost Volost ( rus, во́лость, p=ˈvoləsʲtʲ; ) was a traditional administrative subdivision in Eastern Europe. In earlier East Slavic history, ''volost'' was a name for the territory ruled by the knyaz, a principality; either as an absolute ...

, Chigirinsky Uyezd,

Kiev Governorate Kiev Governorate, r=Kievskaya guberniya; uk, Київська губернія, Kyivska huberniia (, ) was an administrative division of the Russian Empire from 1796 to 1919 and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1919 to 1925. It wa ...

. In 1923–1959 Zlatopil was an administrative center of Zlatopil Raion. Since 1959 it is part of

Novomyrhorod Novomyrhorod ( uk, Новомиргород; ro, Novomîrhorod; russian: Новоми́ргород) is a city in Novoukrainka Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast (region) of central Ukraine, in the southern part of the Middle Dnieper area. It hosts the ad ...

city. Before

the Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; a ...

, Zlatopil was a prosperous

Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

shtetl A shtetl or shtetel (; yi, שטעטל, translit=shtetl (singular); שטעטלעך, romanized: ''shtetlekh'' (plural)) is a Yiddish term for the small towns with predominantly Ashkenazi Jewish populations which existed in Eastern Europe before ...

. There was also a

gymnasium (school) ''Gymnasium'' (and variations of the word) is a term in various European languages for a secondary school that prepares students for higher education at a university. It is comparable to the US English term '' preparatory high school''. Bef ...

for rich people in Zlatopil. Some Jews of Zlatopil served in the

Russian army The Russian Ground Forces (russian: Сухопутные войска �В Sukhoputnyye voyska V, also known as the Russian Army (, ), are the Army, land forces of the Russian Armed Forces. The primary responsibilities of the Russian Gro ...

during World War I and suffered under the

pogroms A pogrom () is a violent riot incited with the aim of massacring or expelling an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews. The term entered the English language from Russian to describe 19th- and 20th-century attacks on Jews in the Russian ...

of 1918–1920. Those who remained in Zlatopil were killed in August 1941. After World War II the Jews who survived in the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...

returned to Zlatopil and buried the Jews of Zlatopil in a common grave in the old

Jewish cemetery A Jewish cemetery ( he, בית עלמין ''beit almin'' or ''beit kvarot'') is a cemetery where Jews are buried in keeping with Jewish tradition. Cemeteries are referred to in several different ways in Hebrew, including ''beit kevarot'' ...

of Zlatopil. Today there are almost no Jews in Zlatopil. Some of the most famous Jewish families of Zlatopol are:

Brody Brody ( uk, Броди; russian: Броды, Brodï; pl, Brody; german: Brody; yi, בראָד, Brod) is a city in Zolochiv Raion of Lviv Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It is located in the valley of the upper Styr River, approximately ...

, Rabbi

Nachman of Breslov Nachman of Breslov ( he, רַבִּי נַחְמָן מִבְּרֶסְלֶב ''Rabbī'' ''Naḥmān mīBreslev''), also known as Reb Nachman of Bratslav, Reb Nachman Breslover ( yi, רבי נחמן ברעסלאווער ''Rebe Nakhmen Breslover'' ...

, rabbis Elijah and Hillel Poisic, (the composer) Pokrass, and

Zola Zola may refer to: People * Zola (name), a list of people with either the surname or given name * Zola (musician) (born 1977), South African entertainer * Zola (rapper), French rapper * Émile Zola, a major nineteenth-century French writer Plac ...

Notable people

Anna Bilińska Anna Bilińska (pronounced: also known as Anna Bilińska-Bohdanowicz; 8 December 1854 – 18 April 1893) was a Polish painter, known for her portraits. A representative of realism, she spent most of her life in Paris, and is considered the "fir ...

(1857–1893) Polish painter *

Lazar Brodsky Lazar Izrayilevich Brodsky (russian: Ла́зарь Изра́илевич Бро́дский, uk, Ла́зар Ізраїльович Бро́дський, he, אליעזר ברודסקי; – ) was a Russian Imperial businessman of Jewish orig ...

(1848–1904) Imperial Russian businessman of Jewish origin, sugar magnate *

Alexander Myshlayevsky Alexander Zakharevich Myshlayevsky (1856–1920) was a Russian general during World War I. He was the deputy commander of the Caucasian Army and its field commander during the Battle of Sarikamish The Battle of Sarikamish (''Sarighamishi c ...

(1856–1920) Imperial Russian general *

Hillel Poisic Rabbi Hillel Poisic (15.1.1881 Zlatopol, Kherson Governorate, Russian Empire – 1953 Tel Aviv, Israel) was a communal worker and Torah scholar. He was an expert in releasing agunot from their husbands, who abandoned them without divorce. The Poisi ...

(1881–1953) Imperial Russian rabbi *

Milly Witkop Milly Witkop(-Rocker) (March 3, 1877November 23, 1955) was a Ukrainian-born Jewish anarcho-syndicalist, feminist writer and activist. She was the common-law wife of the prominent anarcho-syndicalist leader Rudolf Rocker. The couple's son, Fermin ...

(1877–1955) Imperial Russian

anarcho-syndicalist Anarcho-syndicalism is a political philosophy and anarchist school of thought that views revolutionary industrial unionism or syndicalism as a method for workers in capitalist society to gain control of an economy and thus control influence in b ...

of Jewish origin, feminist writer and activist

Gallery

File:Zlat Kost.jpg, Parochial church in Zlatopil File:Златопільська гімназія. Північний фасад.JPG, Built in 1891 the Zlatopil male gymnasium in 2012 File:Єврейський цвинтар (Златопіль).JPG, Entrance to Jewish cemetery in 2012

References

Zlatopol
JewishGen {{Coord, 48, 48, 50, N, 31, 39, 01, E, region:UA_type:city, display=title History of Kirovohrad Oblast Chigirinsky Uyezd Shtetls Holocaust locations in Ukraine