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Zima ( rus, Зима, p=zʲɪˈma; bua, Зэмэ, ''Zeme'') is a
town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than city, cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares ...
in
Irkutsk Oblast Irkutsk Oblast (russian: Ирку́тская о́бласть, Irkutskaya oblast; bua, Эрхүү можо, Erkhüü mojo) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southeastern Siberia in the basins of the Angara, Lena, and ...
,
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eigh ...
, located at the point where the
Trans-Siberian Railway The Trans-Siberian Railway (TSR; , , ) connects European Russia to the Russian Far East. Spanning a length of over , it is the longest railway line in the world. It runs from the city of Moscow in the west to the city of Vladivostok in the eas ...
crosses the
Oka River The Oka (russian: Ока́, ) is a river in central Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga. It flows through the regions of Oryol, Tula, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod and is navigable over a large part of ...
. Population:


Geography

The town is situated on a low-lying plain, heavily water-logged. The Zima River joins the Oka in the town's vicinity.


Climate

The local climate is extremely continental; air temperature varies between in winter to in summer.


History

The village of ''Staraya Zima'' () on the present site of the town was established in 1743. In 1772, its population began to grow more quickly due to the construction of a horse-tract from
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
which crossed the Oka River. Until the 1900s, Zima remained a roadside, mainly agricultural village. In 1898, the Trans-Siberian railway was built through the village and a railroad station was opened. Town status was granted to Zima in 1925. Zima's population remained at around 40,000 from the 1960s until 1990; however, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the associated economic crisis, the population decreased by around 15% during the 1990s. The town is the birthplace of
Yevgeny Yevtushenko Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Yevtushenko ( rus, links=no, 1=Евге́ний Алекса́ндрович Евтуше́нко; 18 July 1933 – 1 April 2017) was a Soviet and Russian poet. He was also a novelist, essayist, dramatist, screenwriter, ...
, a Russian poet, the author of the biographical poem "Zima Station".


Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Zima serves as the
administrative center An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located. In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, L ...
of Ziminsky District,Law #49-OZ even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the
Town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than city, cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares ...
of ZimaCharter of Irkutsk Oblast—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the
districts A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municipa ...
. As a municipal division, the Town of Zima is incorporated as Ziminskoye Urban Okrug.Law #85-oz


Economy

Zima's economy relies mainly on timber production and railway-related services.


Transportation

The town has a station on the Trans-Siberian Railway, with commuter trains to Irkutsk and
Tulun Tulun ( rus, Тулун, p=tʊˈlun) is a town in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located on the river Iya (Angara's basin), northwest of Irkutsk. Population: History It was founded in the second half of the 18th century as a village in the Iya Vall ...
. The M53 Federal highway (
Krasnoyarsk Krasnoyarsk ( ; rus, Красноя́рск, a=Ru-Красноярск2.ogg, p=krəsnɐˈjarsk) (in semantic translation - Red Ravine City) is the largest city and administrative center of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is situated along the Yen ...
Irkutsk) passes through Zima.


References


Notes


Sources

* * *


External links


Official website of Zima

Zima Business Directory
*Mojgorod.ru


Zima Station. Yevgeny Yevtyshenko's poem about his home town
{{Authority control Cities and towns in Irkutsk Oblast Populated places established in 1743 1743 establishments in the Russian Empire Irkutsk Governorate