Zhumabay Shayakhmetuly Shayakhmetov ( kk, Жұмабай Шаяхметұлы Шаяхметов, ''Jūmabai Shaihmetūly Shaihmetov''; russian: Жумабай Шаяхметов), (30 August 1902 – 17 October 1966), was a Kazakh

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

Communist Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...

political figure A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government. Politicians propose, support, reject and create laws that govern the land and by an extension of its people. Broadly speaking, a ...

. From 1946 through 1954, he was First Secretary of the

Communist Party A communist party is a political party that seeks to realize the socio-economic goals of communism. The term ''communist party'' was popularized by the title of ''The Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. A ...

of the

Kazakh SSR ; kk, Қазақ Советтік Социалистік Республикасы) *1991: Republic of Kazakhstan (russian: Республика Казахстан; kk, Қазақстан Республикасы) , linking_name = the ...

. He was born to a poor peasant family in a small village in Borisov County (

okrug An ''okrug, ; russian: о́круг, ókrug; sr, округ, okrug, ; uk, о́круг, о́kruh; be, акруга, akruha; pl, okręg; ab, оқрҿс; mhr, йырвел, '' is a type of administrative division in some Slavic states. The ...

), which in 1924 was incorporated as one of the nine rural areas in the

Sherbakulsky District Sherbakulsky District (russian: Шербаку́льский райо́н; kk, Шарбақкөл ауданы, ) is an administrativeLaw #467-OZ and municipalLaw #548-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Omsk Oblast, Russia. It is locat ...

of the

Omsk Oblast Omsk Oblast (russian: О́мская о́бласть, ''Omskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southwestern Siberia. The oblast has an area of . Its population is 1,977,665 ( 2010 Census) with the majority, 1.12 ...

. In 1915, he went to the two-year Kazakh-Russian school in what is now the Poltava Raion, graduating in 1917. He attended the Narimanov Institute in

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...

, but did not complete his first year. In 1919, he got a job as a school teacher in a rural school, but the school closed due to the

civil war A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies ...

, and he returned to his home. From 1919 to 1926, Shayakhmetov was the secretary of the Turkoman Rural District executive committee of the

GPU A graphics processing unit (GPU) is a specialized electronic circuit designed to manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in a frame buffer intended for output to a display device. GPUs are used in embedded systems, mobil ...

. By 1923, he was already a first-rate agent, solving crimes in the Cherlaksky District, Omsk Oblast. From 1926 to 1928, Shayakhmetov taught office management (official documentation) as the political instructor in a rural organization called "Koschi" in the

Petropavl Petropavl ( kk, Петропавл, Petropavl ) or Petropavlovsk () is a city on the Ishim River in northern Kazakhstan close to the border with Russia. It is the capital of the North Kazakhstan Region. Population: 218,956. The city is also kno ...

Okrug. From 1928 to 1938, he worked for the

NKVD The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (russian: Наро́дный комиссариа́т вну́тренних дел, Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del, ), abbreviated NKVD ( ), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union. ...

, first as Deputy Department Chief for the North Kazakhstan Oblast, then as the Deputy Department Chief for the Alma Ata Oblast. From 1938 to 1946, Shayakhmetov worked his way up from Third Secretary to First Secretary of the Central Committee of the

of the Kazakh SSR. He was the first ethnic Kazakh to hold that post. In March 1954, Shayakhmetov was replaced as First Secretary by Panteleimon Kondratyevich Ponomarenko, a Russian, as part of Khrushchev's post-Stalin reorganization. From February 1954 to May 1955, he was the First Secretary of the South Kazakhstan provincial committee of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan, before he was removed from that post as well. He served as Chairman of the Soviet of Nationalities (1950–1954).

References

Иванов, Евгений (30 August 2008) "Его забыли по личному приказу Хрущева" (Ivanov, Eugene (30 August 2008) "Forgotten by the personal order of Khrushchev")
biography of Zhumabay Shayakhmetov in Russian
"Жумабай Шаяхметов – основатель казахской советской партийной номенклатуры" (Ghali, Azimbaev (15 May 2002) "Zhumabay Shayahmetov – the founder of the Kazakh Soviet party structure) ''Интернет Гаӡета'' (''Internet Gazette'')
in Russian 1902 births 1966 deaths People from Omsk Oblast People from Akmolinsk Oblast (Russian Empire) Ethnic Kazakh people Members of the Central Committee of the 19th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union First Secretaries of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan Chairmen of the Soviet of Nationalities First convocation members of the Soviet of the Union Second convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities Third convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities Fourth convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities NKVD officers Recipients of the Order of Lenin Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour {{Kazakhstan-politician-stub